Gas explosion-induced acute blast lung injury assessment and biomarker identification by a LC-MS-based serum metabolomics analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 096032712096076
Author(s):  
X Dong ◽  
S Yao ◽  
W Wu ◽  
J Cao ◽  
L Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Gas Explosion ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Histopathological Effect ◽  
Aconitic Acid ◽  
Exposure Pathway ◽  
Blast Lung Injury ◽  
Serum Metabolomics ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis

The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological effect of gas explosion on rats, and to explore the metabolic alterations associated with gas explosion-induced acute blast lung injury (ABLI) in real roadway environment using metabolomics analyses. All rats were exposed to the gas explosion source at different distance points (160 m and 240 m) except the control group. Respiratory function indexes were monitored and lung tissue analysis was performed to correlate histopathological effect to serum metabolomics. Their sera samples were collected to measure the metabolic alterations by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). HE staining in lung showed that the gas explosion caused obvious inflammatory pulmonary injury, which was consistent with respiratory function monitoring results and the serum metabolomics analysis results. The metabolomics identified 9 significantly metabolites different between the control- and ABLI rats. 2-aminoadipic acid, L-methionine, L-alanine, L-lysine, L-threonine, cholic acid and L-histidine were significantly increased in the exposed groups. Citric acid and aconitic acid were significantly decreased after exposure. Pathway analyses identified 8 perturbed metabolic pathways, which provided novel potential mechanisms for the gas explosion-induced ABLI. Therefore, metabolomics analysis identified both known and unknown alterations in circulating biomarkers, adding an integral mechanistic insight into the gas explosion-induced ABLI in real roadway environment.

scholarly journals NF-κB and FosB mediate inflammation and oxidative stress in the blast lung injury of rats exposed to shock waves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
Jinren Liu ◽  
Junhong Gao ◽  
Le Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Shock Waves ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Blast Lung Injury ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Blast lung injury (BLI) is the major cause of death in explosion-derived shock waves; however, the mechanisms of BLI are not well understood. To identify the time-dependent manner of BLI, a model of lung injury of rats induced by shock waves was established by a fuel air explosive. The model was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining and pathological score. The inflammation and oxidative stress of lung injury were also investigated. The pathological scores of rats’ lung injury at 2 h, 24 h, 3 days, and 7 days post-blast were 9.75±2.96, 13.00±1.85, 8.50±1.51, and 4.00±1.41, respectively, which were significantly increased compared with those in the control group (1.13±0.64; P<0.05). The respiratory frequency and pause were increased significantly, while minute expiratory volume, inspiratory time, and inspiratory peak flow rate were decreased in a time-dependent manner at 2 and 24 h post-blast compared with those in the control group. In addition, the expressions of inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, FosB, and NF-κB were increased significantly at 2 h and peaked at 24 h, which gradually decreased after 3 days and returned to normal in 2 weeks. The levels of total antioxidant capacity, total superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were significantly decreased 24 h after the shock wave blast. Conversely, the malondialdehyde level reached the peak at 24 h. These results indicated that inflammatory and oxidative stress induced by shock waves changed significantly in a time-dependent manner, which may be the important factors and novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of BLI.

scholarly journals Metabolomics analysis reveals altered metabolites in lean compared with obese adolescents and additional metabolic shifts associated with hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance in obese adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Metabolomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Müllner ◽  
Hanna E. Röhnisch ◽  
Claudia von Brömssen ◽  
Ali A. Moazzami
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Response Level ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis

Abstract Introduction Hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance (IR) are strongly associated with obesity and are forerunners of type 2 diabetes. Little is known about metabolic alterations separately associated with obesity, hyperinsulinaemia/IR and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in adolescents. Objectives To identify metabolic alterations associated with obesity, hyperinsulinaemia/IR and hyperinsulinaemia/IR combined with IGT in obese adolescents. Methods 81 adolescents were stratified into four groups based on body mass index (lean vs. obese), insulin responses (normal insulin (NI) vs. high insulin (HI)) and glucose responses (normal glucose tolerance (NGT) vs. IGT) after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The groups comprised: (1) healthy lean with NI and NGT, (2) obese with NI and NGT, (3) obese with HI and NGT, and (4) obese with HI and IGT. Targeted nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics analysis was performed on fasting and seven post-OGTT plasma samples, followed by univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Results Two groups of metabolites were identified: (1) Metabolites associated with insulin response level: adolescents with HI (groups 3–4) had higher concentrations of branched-chain amino acids and tyrosine, and lower concentrations of serine, glycine, myo-inositol and dimethylsulfone, than adolescents with NI (groups 1–2). (2) Metabolites associated with obesity status: obese adolescents (groups 2–4) had higher concentrations of acetylcarnitine, alanine, pyruvate and glutamate, and lower concentrations of acetate, than lean adolescents (group 1). Conclusions Obesity is associated with shifts in fat and energy metabolism. Hyperinsulinaemia/IR in obese adolescents is also associated with increased branched-chain and aromatic amino acids.

Serum metabolomics analysis reveals impaired lipid metabolism in rats after oral exposure to benzo(a)pyrene

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxue Wang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Qingyu Huang ◽  
Ambreen Alamdar ◽  
Meiping Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Metabolomics Study ◽  
Serum Metabolomics ◽  
Metabolomics Analysis

A metabolomics study was conducted to unveil the metabolic profiling of rats exposed to benzo(a)pyrene, and twelve differentiated metabolites were identified.

scholarly journals Nebulised recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) does not attenuate the haemorrhagic effects of blast lung injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Jason E Smith ◽  
S Watts ◽  
A M Spear ◽  
C Wilson ◽  
E Kirkman
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Alveolar Haemorrhage ◽  
Systemic Absorption ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Recombinant Activated Factor Vii ◽  
Activated Factor Vii ◽  
Blast Lung Injury

IntroductionPrimary blast lung injury causes intrapulmonary haemorrhage. A number of case reports have suggested the efficacy of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in the treatment of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage from a range of medical causes, but its efficacy in blast lung is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether nebulised rFVIIa attenuates the haemorrhagic effects of blast lung injury in an animal model.MethodsTerminally anaesthetised rabbits subjected to blast lung injury were randomised to receive either rFVIIa or placebo via a nebuliser. The primary outcome was the level of blood iron–transferrin complex, a marker of the extent of blast lung injury, analysed using low temperature electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.ResultsBlast exposure led to a significant fall in iron-bound transferrin in both groups of animals (p<0.001), which remained depressed during the study. There were no significant differences in iron–transferrin between the rFVIIa and placebo treatment groups over the duration of the study (p=0.081), and there was no trend towards elevated iron–transferrin in the rFVIIa-treated group once drug treatment had started. There was suggestive evidence of systemic absorption of rFVIIa given via the inhaled route.ConclusionA single dose of nebulised rFVIIa did not attenuate pulmonary haemorrhage in a rabbit model of blast lung injury. As there was some evidence of systemic absorption, the inhaled route does not avoid the concern about potential thromboembolic complications from administration of rFVIIa.

A model for predicting primary blast lung injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1121-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa N. MacFadden ◽  
Philemon C. Chan ◽  
Kevin H.-H. Ho ◽  
James H. Stuhmiller
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Primary Blast ◽  
Blast Lung Injury

Blast Lung Injury

2012 ◽  
pp. 342-342
Author(s):  
Vikas P. Chaubey ◽  
Kevin B. Laupland ◽  
Christopher B. Colwell ◽  
Gina Soriya ◽  
Shelden Magder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Blast Lung Injury

Blast Lung Injury

2015 ◽  
pp. 209-210
Author(s):  
Sara J. Aberle
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Blast Lung Injury

Primary Blast Lung Injury

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Linghua Peng ◽  
Guanghua Guo ◽  
Jianxin Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Primary Blast ◽  
Blast Lung Injury

Comparison of blast lung injury in infant and adult rabbits

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 474-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ao Yang ◽  
Hanzi Cai ◽  
Yi Liang ◽  
Danfeng Yuan ◽  
Wei Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Blast Lung Injury
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