A comparative analysis of two alternative programmes to counter stigma and discrimination associated with mental illness delivered to medical students

2020 ◽  
pp. 103985622097193
Author(s):  
Sarah E Gordon ◽  
Leah A Kininmonth ◽  
Giles Newton-Howes ◽  
Gordon L Purdie ◽  
Tracey Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Effective Contact ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
Over Time

Objective: To assess and compare attitudes of medical students in response to two service-user-led anti-stigma and discrimination education programmes. Method: Two programmes, consistent with the key elements of effective contact-based anti-stigma and discrimination education programmes for healthcare providers, were delivered to medical students in their penultimate and final year: a more intensive version of the programme in 2015/2016 and a briefer programme in 2016/2017. Attitudes were assessed using the Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire (RAQ) and the Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC-20) at the beginning and end of their final year. Results: There were no significant differences between the years in initial scores on either scale. Both cohorts showed statistically significant reductions in scores on both scales after completion of the programme, indicating overall improvements in students’ attitudes with reductions in stigma, and more positive attitudes towards recovery of those in mental distress. The more intensive programme led to significantly greater improvement in reductions in stigma than the less intensive programme. Conclusion: Findings support the need for contact-based anti-stigma and discrimination education programmes for medical students that are both intensive and repeated over time.

Does a comprehensive service user-led education programme effect more positive attitudes towards recovery and less stigmatising attitudes towards people with lived experience of mental distress in medical students? A comparative cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742098788
Author(s):  
Giles Newton-Howes ◽  
Jessica Senior ◽  
Ben Beaglehole ◽  
Gordon L Purdie ◽  
Sarah E Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Service User ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Comprehensive Service ◽  
The Impact

Objective: This study sought to investigate the impact of a service user-led anti-stigma and discrimination education programme, encompassing numerous interventions focused on facilitating multiple forms of social contact, the promotion of recovery, and respect for human rights, on medical student attitudes. Method: A comparison cohort study was used to compare the attitudes of two cohorts of medical students who received this programme as part of their fifth (the fifth-year cohort) or sixth (the sixth-year cohort) year psychological medical education attachment (programme cohorts) with two cohorts of equivalent students who received a standard psychological medical attachment (control cohorts). Attitudes to recovery (using the Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire) and stigma (using the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers) were measured at the beginning and end of the attachments for each year and compared both within and between the cohorts using Wilcoxon signed-rank or Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results: With sample sizes ranging from 46 to 70 across all cohorts, after their psychological medicine attachment both the programme and control cohorts showed more positive attitudes towards recovery and less stigmatising attitudes towards people with lived experience of mental distress. Significant differences between the programme cohorts and the control cohorts were found for recovery attitudes (median difference of 2, p < 0.05 in both fifth and sixth year), with particularly large differences being found for the ‘recovery is possible and needs faith’ subdomain of the Recovery Attitudes Questionnaire. There were no significant between cohort differences in terms of stigmatising attitudes as measured by the Opening Minds Scale for Healthcare Providers. Conclusion: The introduction of a comprehensive service user-led anti-stigma and education programme resulted in significant improvements in recovery attitudes compared to a control cohort. However, it was not found to be similarly superior in facilitating less stigmatising attitudes. Various possible reasons for this are discussed.

scholarly journals LO033: Attitudes of emergency physicians towards homeless and substance using patients

CJEM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S41-S41
Author(s):  
J.J. Nicol ◽  
S. Dowling ◽  
S. Crawford ◽  
J.G. Chow ◽  
K. Dong
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Physician Attitudes ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Addiction Medicine ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Over Time

Introduction: Patients who are homeless and/or using substances rely heavily on emergency departments (ED) for medical care, and present with complex medical and social needs. Negative physician attitudes towards this population undermine the therapeutic relationship, compromising the quality of medical care provided. The objective of this study was to determine the attitudes of emergency physicians towards homeless and substance-using patients. Methods: Using a Modified Total Design approach, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of emergency physicians at five different healthcare locations in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Attitudes were assessed using two validated measures, the Health Care Providers Attitudes Towards the Homeless Inventory (HPATHI), and the Short Understanding of Substance Use Scale (SUSS). Surveys were self-administered by respondents between March and December 2013. Results: A total of 117 physicians completed the survey (response rate 48%). 28% of respondents resented the amount of time it takes to see homeless patients, and 32% believed caring for homeless patients was not financially viable; 57% felt overwhelmed by the complexity of problems that homeless people have. Physicians with extra training in addiction medicine or health care for the homeless had more positive attitudes than physicians with no extra training; physician attitudes worsened over time towards both populations. Conclusion: Physicians feel overwhelmed when caring for patients who are homeless and/or substance using and negative attitudes worsened over time. Extra training in addiction medicine or healthcare for the homeless is associated with more positive attitudes. Possible strategies to improve attitudes should include a multifaceted approach addressing individual physician knowledge deficits, as well as expanded access to resources in the ED and community, designed to deal with the complex needs of these populations.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Analysis of Website Utilization for an Interprofessional Shared Tobacco Cessation Curriculum (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nervana Elkhadragy ◽  
Jeremie Aviado ◽  
Henry Huang ◽  
Robin L. Corelli ◽  
Karen Suchanek Hudmon
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Rx For Change ◽  
Intended Use ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND Because tobacco use is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, it is essential to prepare healthcare providers to assist patients with quitting smoking. The Rx for Change shared curriculum created in 1999 fills an educational gap in tobacco cessation training in health professional schools of all disciplines. In 2004, a website was launched to host teaching materials and tools for educators and clinicians. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to characterize users and utilization of a website hosting shared teaching materials over a period of 15 years. METHODS Data from the Rx for Change website have been collected prospectively since its launch. In this study, end-user data were analyzed to determine user characteristics, how they heard about the website, intended use of the materials, and number of file downloads and logins over time. RESULTS Total number of website registrants was 15,576, representing all 50 states and 94 countries. The most represented discipline was pharmacy (41.2%), and nearly half of users were students or residents. The most common source of referral to the website was a faculty member or colleague (33.4%), and the purpose of enhancing personal knowledge and skills was the most commonly cited intended use of the curricular materials. A total of 259,835 file downloads occurred during the 15-year period, and the most commonly downloaded file type was ancillary handouts. CONCLUSIONS The Rx for Change website demonstrated sustained use, providing immediate access to tobacco cessation teaching and practice tools for educators and clinicians over the first 15 years of its existence. The website had a broad interprofessional reach, which increases the likelihood of smokers receiving assistance from multiple types of health care providers. The consistent utilization over time and large number of downloads, provided evidence for the feasibility and impact of a public access website hosting a shared tobacco cessation curriculum for health professionals.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Transgender and Intersex Individuals Among Medical Students and Health Care Providers of Karachi, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Transgender and intersex individuals face numerous hurdles in accessing health facilities. Furthermore, there is no formal training for the provision of care for such a vulnerable population. This study explores the knowledge and attitude of medical students and Healthcare Providers (HCPs) about transgender and intersex individuals in Karachi. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of a government medical college and HCPs, from August to September 2019. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and attitude of study participants, towards intersex and transgender individuals. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 200 participants, 171 returned the complete questionnaire with a response rate of 85.5%. There were 100(58.5%) females and 71(41.5%) males, with 93(54.4%) medical students and 78(45.6%) HCPs. All study participants were familiar with the term transgender, whereas 138(80.7%) reported having heard the term intersex, whereas 35(20.5%) regarded the conditions as a mental illness. Knowledge of PMC code regarding gender orientation was significantly higher in HCPs than medical students (41% vs 14%, p<0.001). Medical students were more in favor of corrective surgery to be performed (61.3%) as compared to the HCPs (43.6%) (p=0.02). Conclusion: Even though medical students and HCPs were familiar with transgender and intersex terms yet there were different misconceptions regarding them. However, our target population was willing to learn the healthcare needs of such individuals. It is recommended that the latest guidelines regarding gender spectrum are taught in the medical curriculum.

Current Practices and Challenges of Medical Services on Health Care System of Mandalay General Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Level Hospital ◽  
Care System

In Myanmar, the main challenge to provide quality healthcare by Universal Health Care approach is documented as low health services coverage with substantial wealth-based inequality. To achieve the effective health care system, strong medical care system is essential. Understanding on challenges and needs in provision of medical services among patients and health care providers is critical to provide quality care with desirable outcomes. The aim of the study was to explore the patients’ and health care providers’ perceptions on the challenges in provision of medical services at the Mandalay General Hospital. This was a qualitative study conducted at the tertiary level hospital (Mandalay General Hospital). The data was collected by using focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with hospitalized patients or attendants, healthcare providers such as medical doctors, nurses, laboratory scientists and hospital administrators in March 2017. The qualitative data was analyzed using themes by themes matrix analysis. Most patients were satisfied with the care provided by the doctors because they believed that they received quality care. However, some patients complained about long waiting time for elective operation, congested conditions in the ward, burden for investigations outside the hospital for urgent needs and impolite manners of general workers. Healthcare providers reported that they had heavy workload due to limited human and financial resources in the hospital, poor compliances with hospital rules and regulation among patients and attendants, and inefficient referral practices from other health facilities. Other challenges experienced by healthcare providers were lack of ongoing training to improve knowledge and skills, limited health infrastructure and inadequate medicinal supplies. The findings highlighted the areas needed to be improved to provide quality health care at the tertiary level hospital. The challenges and problems encountered in this hospital can be improved by allocating adequate financial and human resources. The systematic referral system and hospital management guidelines are needed to reduce workload of health staff.

COVID-19: knowledge, awareness and perceived stress among Jordanian healthcare providers (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Aborajooh ◽  
Mohammed Qussay Al-Sabbagh ◽  
Baraa Mafrachi ◽  
Muhammad Yassin ◽  
Rami Dwairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ordinal Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Source Of Information

UNSTRUCTURED We aimed to measure levels of knowledge, awareness, and stress about COVID-19 among health care providers (HCP) in Jordan. This was a cross-sectional study on 397 HCPs that utilized an internet-based questionnaire to evaluate knowledge about COVID-19, availability of personal protective equipment (PEE), future perception, and psychological distress. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with knowledge and psychological stress. Overall, 24.4% and 21.2% of the participants showed excellent knowledge and poor knowledge, respectively. Social media (61.7%) was the most commonly used source of information. Being female (β= 0.521, 95% CI 0.049 to 0.992), physician (β=1.421, 95% CI 0.849 to 1.992), or using literature to gain knowledge (β= 1.161, 95% CI 0.657 to 1.664) were positive predictors of higher knowledge. While having higher stress (β= -0.854, 95% CI -1.488 to -0.221) and using social media (β= -0.434, 95% CI -0.865 to -0.003) or conventional media (β= -0.884, 95% CI -1.358 to -0.409) for information were negative predictors of knowledge levels. HCPs are advised to use the literature as a source of information about the virus, its transmission, and the best practice. PPEs should be secured for HCPs to the psychological stress associated with treating COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals 407 - The Baycrest Quick-Response Caregiver Tool: The Role for a New Tool for Caregivers of Persons with Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 123-123
Author(s):  
Ken Schwartz ◽  
Robert Madan ◽  
Anna Berall ◽  
Marsha Natadira ◽  
Anna Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
High Level ◽  
Person With Dementia ◽  
The Impact

Background:Responsive behaviours in dementia are associated with poor outcomes for the person with dementia (PWD) and caregiver burnout. Family caregivers need a variety of tools to manage responsive behaviours. The Baycrest Quick-Response Caregiver Tool was developed to provide caregivers with a tool that can be used in real time. In this study, the feasibility, impact, and effectiveness of this new tool were studied in family caregivers and health care providers (HCP) using quantitative and qualitative measures.Methods:Family caregivers were recruited and were asked to complete a pre-survey before being sent the link to the educational tool. One month after the telephone survey, caregivers were sent an online post-survey to gather their feedback on the tool and the impact of the tool on caregiver well -being. Healthcare providers were also recruited and reviewed the tool through an online feedback survey. The feasibility, impact, and effectiveness of the tool were assessed using quantitative and qualitative measures.Results:Caregivers had a moderate degree of and reported a high level of competence - these scores were maintained throughout the study. Caregivers reported that tool positively impacted their compassion towards the person with dementia (PWD), and that their interactions with improved. 100% of HCP who completed the feedback survey would recommend the tool to other HCP and to caregivers of PWD. The caregivers and HCP provided specific suggestions for improvement.Conclusions:The Baycrest Quick-Response Caregiver Tool was found to be feasible and helpful. It provides caregivers and HCP with an additional approach for responsive behaviours.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Study Exploring the Experiences and Perspectives of Australian Aboriginal Women on Oral Health during Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8061
Author(s):  
Ariana Kong ◽  
Michelle Dickson ◽  
Lucie Ramjan ◽  
Mariana S. Sousa ◽  
Joanne Goulding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Aboriginal Health ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Aboriginal Women ◽  
Torres Strait

The aim of this study was to explore whether oral health was an important consideration for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women during pregnancy, whether oral health could be promoted by Aboriginal health staff, and strategies that would be appropriate to use in a new model of care. A qualitative descriptive methodology underpinned the study. All participants in this study identified as Aboriginal, with no Torres Strait Islander participants, and were from New South Wales, Australia. The interviews were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. From the data, two themes were constructed. The first theme identified that oral health was not always the first priority for participants as poor accessibility alongside other competing commitments were challenges to accessing oral health services. The second theme highlighted how relationships with personal networks and healthcare providers were essential and could be used to support maternal oral health during pregnancy. Effective strategies to promote oral health during pregnancy for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women should involve key stakeholders and health care providers, like Aboriginal Health Workers, to facilitate culturally safe support and tailored oral health advice.

Training health workers to provide person-centred maternal and newborn health care in Burkina Faso

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-159
Author(s):  
Janet Perkins ◽  
Aminata Bargo ◽  
Cecilia Capello ◽  
Carlo Santarelli
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Newborn Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Maternal And Newborn Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Maternal And Newborn

Assuring the provision of person-centred care is critical in maternal and newborn health (MNH). As a component of the national strategy to improve MNH, Burkina Faso Ministry of Health, supported by Enfants du Monde, La Fondation pour le Développement Communautaire/Burkina Faso and UNFPA, is implementing the World Health Organization’s (WHO) framework for Working with Individuals, Families and Communities (IFC) to improve MNH. As a first step in district implementation, participatory community assessments were conducted. These assessments consistently revealed that poor interactions with healthcare providers posed one important barrier preventing women from seeking MNH services. In order to address this barrier, healthcare providers were trained to improve their interpersonal skills and in counselling women. During 2011-12 a total of 175 personnel were trained over a 5-day course developed using a WHO manual. The course was met with enthusiasm as providers expressed their need and desire for such training. Immediate post-test results revealed an impressive increase in knowledge and anecdotal evidence suggests that training has influenced provider’s behaviours in their interactions with women. In addition, health care providers are taking concrete action to build the capabilities of women to experience pregnancy and birth safely by engaging directly with communities.  While early findings are promising, an evaluation will be necessary to measure how the training has influenced practices, whether this translates into a shift of perceptions at community level and ultimately its contribution toward promoting person-centred care in Burkina Faso.

Abstract P163: Accuracy to Diagnose Cardiac Arrest and Quickness to Start Chest Compression in Different BLS Algorithms; a Comparative Study

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Tamura ◽  
Koichi Tanigawa ◽  
Shinji Kusunoki ◽  
Takuma Sadamori ◽  
Tadatsugu Otani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
European Resuscitation Council ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Erc Guidelines

Background; BLS algorithms for health care providers or experience personnel recommended by AHA, European Resuscitation Council (ERC), and Japanese Resuscitation Council (JPN) differ with respect to the sequence of assessment and procedures. The differences may affect accuracy to diagnose cardiac arrest and quickness to start chest compression. We compared BLS algorithms recommended by these organizations with respect to accuracy of respiratory/circulatory assessment, and quickness to start chest compression using a computed manikin model. Methods; Thirty three subjects (16 physicians and 17 medical students) were enrolled. The Sim-Man (Laerdal) was used to develop 2 scenarios (no pulse/no breathing, with pulse 60/min and breathing 10/min). The three algorithms and 2 scenarios were randomly assigned to the subject, and the accuracy to diagnose cardiac arrest and the time from confirmation of loss of consciousness to starting chest compression were evaluated. Results; The rates of incorrect assessment of respiratory/circulatory status were AHA;9.8% (13 out of 132), ERC;9.1%(12 out of 132) and JPN;6.8%(9 out of 132)(n.s. among algorithms). When the results were analyzed with respect to clinical experiences of the subjects, i.e. physicians vs. medical students, significant differences were found between the groups: AHA;17.2% (11 out of 64), ERC;15.6% (10 out of 64), JPN;12.5% (8 out of 64) in students, whereas AHA;2.9% (2 out of 68), ERC;2.9% (2 out of 68), JPN;1.5% (1 out of 68) in physicians* (* p<0.05 vs. students). The time to starting chest compression were AHA;27.8±5.1 sec, ERC;18.6±3.2** sec, JPN;23.7±4.2 sec (**p<0.05 vs. AHA and JPN), and no significant differences were found between physicians and students. Conclusions; No differences were found in accuracy of respiratory and circulatory assessment among the algorithms, although it may be influenced by clinical experiences of evaluators. The BLS algorithm starting CPR from chest compression such as ERC guidelines may reduce the time of no-flow status in cardiac arrest.

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