Characterizing the Placebo Response in Adults With ADHD

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Ben-Sheetrit ◽  
Miriam Peskin ◽  
Jeffrey H. Newcorn ◽  
Yaron Daniely ◽  
Liat Shbiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Placebo Response ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Analysis ◽  
Current Sample

Objective: Several ADHD pharmacological trials reported high placebo response (PR) rates. This study aims to characterize the PR in adult ADHD. Method: A retrospective cohort analysis of the placebo arm (140 adults with ADHD, 18-55 yrs, M:F 46.4%-53.6%) of a 6-week randomized, multicenter, double-blind metadoxine study, using Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS), was conducted. Results: Pre–post changes in placebo-treated adults were significant for both the CAARS and ASRS, F(2.9, 404.5) = 61.2, p < .00001, F(2.8, 383.0) = 43.1, p < .00001, respectively. Less than half of the participants had a PR which began early in treatment and persisted; almost 50% had a variable, inconsistent PR. Conclusion: In the current sample, PR in adult ADHD was prominent on both symptom scales and the investigator–rater instrument. Therefore, using investigator ratings as a primary endpoint does not necessarily attenuate PR. Of note, about half of the PR is variable, suggesting unreliable determination of efficacy.

Executive Functioning Outcomes Over 6 Months of Atomoxetine for Adults With ADHD: Relationship to Maintenance of Response and Relapse Over the Subsequent 6 Months After Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenard A. Adler ◽  
Mary Solanto ◽  
Rodrigo Escobar ◽  
Sarah Lipsius ◽  
Himanshu Upadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Behavior Rating Inventory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Controlled Clinical Study

Objective: This study examines the relationship between maintenance of improved executive functioning (EF) in adults with ADHD with long-term symptom improvement with atomoxetine. Method: Data were collected from a yearlong, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study on adult patients with ADHD receiving atomoxetine (80-100 mg/day) for 24 weeks. Patients were then randomized to continue atomoxetine or placebo for 6 months. Executive functioning was rated with Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function–Adult Version: Self-Report™ (BRIEF-A: Self-Report™), and the T-scores were determined. Results: Postrandomization T-scores for atomoxetine patients were significantly better than those of placebo patients (3 and 6 months postrandomization). Patients with greater improvements in EF were more likely to show worsening of EF and to relapse after atomoxetine discontinuation. The maintenance of improved EF was significantly associated with improved ADHD symptoms (Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale–Investigator Rated: Screening Version [CAARS-Inv:SV] with adult prompts). Conclusion: Treatment with atomoxetine improved EF during the treatment phases. Improved EF was maintained up to 6 months after discontinuation of atomoxetine.

The Placebo Response in Adult ADHD as Objectively Assessed by the TOVA Continuous Performance Test

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705471989781
Author(s):  
Ann Rotem ◽  
Joseph Ben-Sheetrit ◽  
Jeffrey Newcorn ◽  
Yaron Danieli ◽  
Miriam Peskin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Placebo Response ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Retrospective Data Analysis

Objective: We compared the placebo response (PR) as measured by the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) and the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) scores. Method: A retrospective data analysis from a double-blind placebo-controlled study of metadoxine-ER in adults with ADHD. An additional database was used for comparison to TOVA response after methylphenidate challenge (TOVA-MPH-R). Results: PR was highest when calculated from the TOVA-Attention Composite Score (ACS). The PR showed significantly fewer variables improving concomitantly compared with MPH-R. The most prominent correlation between the CAARS-PR and the TOVA-PR was in the Omissions score ( p = .032), which was age-dependent ( b = .0007, p <.001). Discussion: TOVA-PR has an index-specific profile compared with CAARS-PR and TOVA-MPH-R. The partial correlation of TOVA-PR with CAARS-PR suggests that a composite score of TOVA specific indices and CAARS could have a synergic impact to improve the reliability of the response assessment in adult ADHD.

Are perceptual disorder signs in diplegic cerebral palsied children stable over time? A retrospective cohort analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Alboresi ◽  
Alice Sghedoni ◽  
Giulia Borelli ◽  
Stefania Costi ◽  
Laura Beccani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Analysis ◽  
Over Time

Preeclampsia and low sodium: a retrospective cohort analysis and literature review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Xodo ◽  
Fabiana Cecchini ◽  
Lisa Celante ◽  
Alice Novak ◽  
Emma Rossetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Analysis

scholarly journals Does Time-to-Chemotherapy after Primary Complete Macroscopic Cytoreductive Surgery Influence Prognosis for Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer? A Study of the FRANCOGYN Group

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1058
Author(s):  
Grégoire Rocher ◽  
Thomas Gaillard ◽  
Catherine Uzan ◽  
Pierre Collinet ◽  
Pierre-Adrien Bolze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cytoreductive Surgery ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Recurrence Free Survival ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Analysis

To determine if the time-to-chemotherapy (TTC) after primary macroscopic complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS) influences recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We conducted an observational multicenter retrospective cohort analysis of women with EOC treated from September 2006 to November 2016 in nine institutions in France (FRANCOGYN research group) with maintained EOC databases. We included women with EOC (all FIGO stages) who underwent primary complete macroscopic CRS prior to platinum-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Two hundred thirty-three patients were included: 73 (31.3%) in the early-stage group (ESG) (FIGO I-II), and 160 (68.7%) in the advanced-stage group (ASG) (FIGO III-IV). Median TTC was 43 days (36–56). The median OS was 77.2 months (65.9–106.6). OS was lower in the ASG when TTC exceeded 8 weeks (70.5 vs. 59.3 months, p = 0.04). No impact on OS was found when TTC was below or above 6 weeks (78.5 and 66.8 months, respectively, p = 0.25). In the whole population, TTC had no impact on RFS or OS. None of the factors studied were associated with an increase in TTC. Chemotherapy should be initiated as soon as possible after CRS. A TTC greater than 8 weeks is associated with poorer OS in patients with advanced stage EOC.

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