scholarly journals Calculating Value Added of Prostitution with Multiple Data: A New Approach for Belgium

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stef Adriaenssens ◽  
Jef Hendrickx
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Starting Point

Economic output implies that underground sectors such as prostitution are taken into account. This article presents an innovative methodology to measure turnover and added value in prostitution based on a combination of observational and Internet data. The method is applied to Belgium. Turnover is broken down in transactions and price per segment. The starting point is an observation-based measure of turnover in one locational and visible segment of the market: window prostitution. Fundamental differences between segments make linear generalizations from one segment invalid. Therefore, we estimate the relative size of transactions in other segments (such as brothels or escort) with Internet data. In combination with measures of average price per transaction, a consolidated estimate of turnover in prostitution in Belgium is measured. Estimates of nonresident production are based on data on sex workers’ country of origin. Several bootstrap replications allow for robustness checks of the delta-based standard errors.

A new approach to the Scoreboard

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-688
Author(s):  
Cosimo Magazzino ◽  
Francesco Felici ◽  
Vanja Bozic
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the information content of the variables that can help detecting external and internal imbalances in an early stage. The starting point is the Scoreboard, where nine indicators are chosen in order to increase macroeconomic surveillance of all member states. Design/methodology/approach – This paper provides an overview of the variables that could be informative for imbalances by focusing on EU-27 countries over the period 1960-2010. The number of chosen variables is 28, and they are aggregated in six macro-areas. Therefore, once an imbalance is observed in any of those areas, it is possible to detect in a simple way which specific variable is determining such outcome. Findings – In general, this approach provides reliable signal to the policy-makers about the indicators that can drive imbalances within the area, shedding light on the relationship among the variables included in the analysis, too. Research limitations/implications – In fact, the empirical results underline some well-known critical issue for several countries, and is largely in line with results obtained in a variety of EC and OECD studies. Originality/value – The main added value of the approach adopted in this paper is the introduction of more variables than those initially proposed by the European Commission in the construction of the Scoreboard. This provides more information about the macroeconomic situation in each country, preserving, however, the simplicity of the analysis as the variables are aggregated by homogeneous areas.

scholarly journals Starting Points to Comprehensive Treatment of Social Responsibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 08-15
Author(s):  
Zivko Bergant ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Economic Democracy ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
The Law

The author presents the possibilities and approaches for comprehensive consideration of social responsibility as one of the most important orientations of people and organizations within building economic democracy. The starting point is the law of value added. Definitions of some concepts in relation to social responsibility are proposed, such as elements, dimensions, fields, types, forms, principles, and aspects. The author emphasizes value added as the most important approach and the need for its further promotion. Keywords: Social responsibility, Added value, Stakeholders, Taxonomy of social responsibility.

scholarly journals Development of a core evaluation framework of value-added medicines: report 2 on pharmaceutical policy perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Kaló ◽  
Zsuzsanna Ida Petykó ◽  
Frank-Ulrich Fricke ◽  
Nikos Maniadakis ◽  
Tomáš Tesař ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Incremental Innovation ◽  
Value Assessment ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Core Evaluation ◽  
Pricing And Reimbursement

Abstract Background A core evaluation framework that captures the health care and societal benefits of value added medicines (VAMs, also often called repurposed medicines) was proposed in Report 1, aiming to reduce the heterogeneity in value assessment processes across countries and to create incentives for manufacturers to invest into incremental innovation. However, this can be impactful only if the framework can be adapted to heterogeneous health care financing systems in different jurisdictions, and the cost of evidence generation necessitated by the framework takes into account the anticipated benefits for the health care system and rewards for the developers. Areas covered The framework could potentially improve the pricing and reimbursement decisions of VAMs by adapting it to different country specific decision-contexts such as deliberative processes, augmented cost-effectiveness frameworks or formal multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA); alternatively, some of its domains may be added to current general evaluation frameworks of medicines. The proposed evaluation framework may provide a starting point for practices based on which VAMs can be exempted from generic pricing mechanisms or can be integrated into the reimbursement and procurement system, allowing for price differentiation according to their added value. Besides evidence from RCTs, pricing and reimbursement decision processes of VAMs should allow for ex-ante non-RCT evidence for certain domains. Alternatively, relying on ex-post evidence agreements—such as outcome guarantee or coverage with evidence development—can also reduce decision uncertainty. Conclusions The core evaluation framework for VAMs could trigger changes in the existing pricing, reimbursement and procurement practices by improving the appraisal of the added value created by incremental innovation.

scholarly journals Starting Points to Comprehensive Treatment of Social Responsibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-07
Author(s):  
Zivko Bergant ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Economic Democracy ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
The Law

The author presents the possibilities and approaches for comprehensive consideration of social responsibility as one of the most important orientations of people and organizations within building economic democracy. The starting point is the law of value added. Definitions of some concepts in relation to social responsibility are proposed, such as elements, dimensions, fields, types, forms, principles, and aspects. The author emphasizes value added as the most important approach and the need for its further promotion. Keywords: Social responsibility, Added value, Stakeholders, Taxonomy of social responsibility.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF VALUE ADDED DISTRIBUTION AND LEVEL OF TRANSACTION COSTS IN THE RUSSIAN CORPORATIONS

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitri Pletnev ◽  
Ekaterina Nikolaeva ◽  
Zinfira Bitkulova
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Profit Maximization ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Operational Criteria

Modern understanding of the corporation as an integrated system driven by a common goal of profit maximization has brought both economic theory and management practices to a deadlock. Incorrect understanding of the modern corporation’s core, as well as inability to adequately assess them, became one of the causes of the global economic crisis.  One of the promising “reanimation” options of the modern firm theory is the institutional approach. However, this approach is in dire need of measurable operational criteria and indicators that would tie business practices together with their basic theoretical categories: institute, contract, and transaction costs.The scope of this paper is to offer and demonstrate the possibilities of testing methodology for assessing the corporation as an institutional unit of an economic system. To do so, we propose a new approach in the assessment of institutional compliance of the corporations with the expectations of their major subjects.  It is based on estimating the distribution of the gross added value between the subjects.  Moreover, the technique of assessing the level of transaction costs in corporations, based on data accounting, is proposed.  The methods were tested on examples of real Russian metallurgical industry corporations as reported between 2003 and 2012.  The presence of a statistically significant negative connection between the share of value added revenue and level of transaction costs, as well as between the share of value added at the owners disposal and the transaction costs level, was established.  The presence of a statistically significant positive connection between the level of transaction costs and share of value added, at the disposal of workers, was established.

scholarly journals Istota kreacji wartości dodanej w rolnictwie i na obszarach wiejskich

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Kania ◽  
Wiesław Musiał
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New Business Models

The aim of the study is to broaden the definition of the added-value concept in agriculture and in rural areas. To start, reference was made to the location of this concept in relation to the economics of agriculture and then to the various processes that occur or should occur in rural areas creating or conditioning the expected positive effects, which were called the Value-added. Then, the creation of added value in the agricultural supply chain was analyzed with an old and new approach to its creation. The case analysis was conducted for the "Owoc Łącki" company, which assessed the ways of creating added value and the form of integration of fruit producers. The effect of the analysis is the multiplicity and diversity of defining and describing conditions for the creation of added value. The presented examples, practices and approaches in increasing the added value can be an inspiration for advisors, especially farmers looking for new business models, thus increasing their income.

Implementasi Analisis Proses Bisnis Sebagai Upaya Pengurangan Biaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Aniek Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Business Process ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Procurement Process ◽  
Material Procurement ◽  
The Cost

Business Process Analysis can be used to eliminate or reduce a waste cost caused by non value added activities that exist in a process. This research aims at evaluating activities carried out in the natural material procurement process in the PT XYZ, calculating the effectiveness of the process cycle, finding a way to improve the process management, and calculating the cost reduction that can achieved by activity management. A case study was the approach of this research. The researcher obtained research data throughout deep interviews with the staff who directly involved in the process, observation, and documentation of natural material procurement. The result of this study show that the effectiveness of the process cycle of natural material procurement in the factory reached as much as 87,1% for the sand material and 72% for the crushed stone. This indicates that the process still carry activities with no added value and still contain ineffective costs. Through the Business Process Mechanism, these non value added activities can be managed so that the process cycle becomes more efficient and cost effectiveness is achieved. The result of the effective cycle calculation after the management activities implementation is 100%. This means that the cost of natural material procurement process has become effective. The result of calculation of the estimated cost reduction as a result of management activity is as much as Rp249.026.635,90 per year.

KOMPARASI KINERJA KEUANGAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED (EVA) PADA PERUSAHAAN TRANSPORTASI DI JAKARTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Dwi Urip Wardoyo
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Value Added ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Transportation Service ◽  
Income Statement

This study aims to compare financial performance through profitability generated by two market participants in the witness transportation service industry in Jakarta, namely PT. BB compared to PT. ETU, this assessment is measured not limited to the profit generated but more than that by measuring financial added value through the concept of Eonomic Value Added produced by the two companies. The population in this study were all taxi transportation service companies in Jakarta. The sampling method selected two taxi companies that have the largest market share in DKI Jakarta, namely BB Taxi and ETU Taxi. The test analysis used in this study is ratio analysis through profit calculation and economic added value from the annual income statement. This study shows that there are (a) determination of the ratio of profit levels, (b) Determination of the comparison of economic value added of the two companies. Keywords :  Financial performance, Economic Value Added (EVA)

scholarly journals The European Bioinformatics Institute in 2020: building a global infrastructure of interconnected data resources for the life sciences

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (D1) ◽  
pp. D17-D23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E Cook ◽  
Oana Stroe ◽  
Guy Cochrane ◽  
Ewan Birney ◽  
Rolf Apweiler
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Image Data ◽  
European Bioinformatics Institute ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Core Mission ◽  
Training Team ◽  
Exchange Data

Abstract Data resources at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI, https://www.ebi.ac.uk/) archive, organize and provide added-value analysis of research data produced around the world. This year's update for EMBL-EBI focuses on data exchanges among resources, both within the institute and with a wider global infrastructure. Within EMBL-EBI, data resources exchange data through a rich network of data flows mediated by automated systems. This network ensures that users are served with as much information as possible from any search and any starting point within EMBL-EBI’s websites. EMBL-EBI data resources also exchange data with hundreds of other data resources worldwide and collectively are a key component of a global infrastructure of interconnected life sciences data resources. We also describe the BioImage Archive, a deposition database for raw images derived from primary research that will supply data for future knowledgebases that will add value through curation of primary image data. We also report a new release of the PRIDE database with an improved technical infrastructure, a new API, a new webpage, and improved data exchange with UniProt and Expression Atlas. Training is a core mission of EMBL-EBI and in 2018 our training team served more users, both in-person and through web-based programmes, than ever before.

scholarly journals Cultural and Creative Cities and Regional Economic Efficiency: Context Conditions as Catalyzers of Cultural Vibrancy and Creative Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7150
Author(s):  
Silvia Cerisola ◽  
Elisa Panzera
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Creative Cities ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Holistic Conception ◽  
Panel Fixed Effects ◽  
The Impact

Following the hype that has been given to culture and creativity as triggers and enhancers of local economic performance in the last 20 years, this work originally contributes to the literature with the objective of assessing the impact of cultural and creative cities (CCCs) on the economic output of their regions. In this sense, the cultural and creative character of cities is considered a strategic strength and opportunity that can spillover, favoring the economic system of the entire regions in which the cities are located. Through an innovative methodology that exploits a regional production function estimated by a panel fixed effects model, the effect of cities’ cultural vibrancy and creative economy on the output of their regions is econometrically explored. The data source is the Cultural and Creative Cities Monitor (CCCM) provided by the JRC, which also allows the investigation of the possible role played by the enabling environment in catalyzing the action of cultural vibrancy and creative economy. The results are thoroughly examined: especially through cultural vibrancy, CCCs strategically support the output of their region. This is particularly the case when local context conditions—such as human capital and education, openness, tolerance and trust, and quality of governance—catalyze their effect. Overall, CCCs contribute to feeding a long-term self-supporting system, interpreted according to a holistic conception that includes economic, social, cultural, and environmental domains.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document