scholarly journals Prevalence and Incidence of Drug-Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy in Qatar

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117957352093503
Author(s):  
Boulenouar Mesraoua ◽  
Dirk Deleu ◽  
Hassan J Al Hail ◽  
Gayane Melikyan ◽  
Musab Abdalhalim Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Electronic Database ◽  
Search Terms

Background: Information on the epidemiology of temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-HS) from Qatar and the developing countries is scarce. To acquire knowledge on the incidence and prevalence of drug-resistant TLE-HS in Qatar, we designed this analytical and extrapolative systematic review of the existing literature. Material and methods: We searched the electronic database PubMed from 1947 until April, 2018, using the following search terms in the title: “epilepsy” OR “temporal lobe” OR “hippocampal sclerosis” AND “epidemiology” OR “incidence” OR “prevalence.” Relevant original studies, reviews, and their references, were included. We extrapolated from the previous international literature to estimate the epidemiology of drug-resistant TLE-HS in Qatar. Results: The estimated Qatar incidence of epilepsy varies from 50 to 61 per 100 000 persons per year, and the estimated prevalence of epilepsy is 6.54 per 1000 population; the estimated incidence of TLE varies from 9.5 to 11.6 patients per 100 000 population per year and the estimated prevalence of TLE is 1.76 patients per 1000 people, with 4721 patients having TLE in Qatar. Finally, the reviewed studies also helped in making an estimate of the Qatar prevalence of drug-resistant TLE-HS to be between 0.3 and 0.6 cases per 1000 people (804-1609 current patients) and the Qatar incidence of drug-resistant TLE-HS (2.3-4.3 cases per 100 000 people, per year) with 62 to 116 new patients per year. Conclusion: Our study suggests that 804 to 1609 current patients (with 62-116 additional patients per year) in Qatar are suffering from drug-resistant TLE-HS; emphasis should be placed on the surgical aspect of the current Qatar Comprehensive Epilepsy Program.

Survival of mossy cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus in humans with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

2009 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 1237-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Seress ◽  
Hajnalka Ábrahám ◽  
Zsolt Horváth ◽  
Tamás Dóczi ◽  
József Janszky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Mossy Cells ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe

Object Hippocampal sclerosis can be identified in most patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Surgical removal of the sclerotic hippocampus is widely performed to treat patients with drug-resistant mesial TLE. In general, both epilepsy-prone and epilepsy-resistant neurons are believed to be in the hippocampal formation. The hilar mossy cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus are usually considered one of the most vulnerable types of neurons. The aim of this study was to clarify the fate of mossy cells in the hippocampus in epileptic humans. Methods Of the 19 patients included in this study, 15 underwent temporal lobe resection because of drug-resistant TLE. Four patients were used as controls because they harbored tumors that had not invaded the hippocampus and they had experienced no seizures. Histological evaluation of resected hippocampal tissues was performed using immunohistochemistry. Results Mossy cells were identified in the control as well as the epileptic hippocampi by using cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide immunohistochemistry. In most cases the number of mossy cells was reduced and thorny excrescences were smaller in the epileptic hippocampi than in controls; however, there was a significant loss of pyramidal cells and a partial loss of granule cells in the same epileptic hippocampi in which mossy cell loss was apparent. The loss of mossy cells could be correlated with the extent of hippocampal sclerosis, patient age at seizure onset, duration of epilepsy, and frequency of seizures. Conclusions In many cases large numbers of mossy cells were present in the hilus of the dentate gyrus when most pyramidal neurons of the CA1 and CA3 areas of the Ammon's horn were lost, suggesting that mossy cells may not be more vulnerable to epileptic seizures than the hippocampal pyramidal neurons.

TEMPORAL GAP BETWEEN THE DIAGNOSIS OF DRUG RESISTANT TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY ASSOCIATED WITH HIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS AND INDICATION OF EPILEPSY SURGERY

2020 ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
Bárbara Pina Aiello ◽  
Brenno Tavares de Vasconcelos Brandão ◽  
Claudia Cecília da Silva Rêgo ◽  
Valeria Coelho Santa Rita Pereira ◽  
Tiago Silva Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Drug Resistant

scholarly journals Dentate gyrus expression of nestin-immunoreactivity in patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis

Seizure ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D’Alessio ◽  
H. Konopka ◽  
E. Escobar ◽  
A. Acuña ◽  
S. Oddo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Dentate Gyrus ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Drug Resistant

Immunopathology in drug resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with different types of hippocampal sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 421-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Irsel Tezer ◽  
Aysegul Firat ◽  
Erdem Tuzun ◽  
Isik Unal ◽  
Figen Soylemezoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe

CpG Methylation Signature Define Human Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Predict Drug-Resistant

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbiao Xiao ◽  
Chaorong Liu ◽  
Kuo Zhong ◽  
Shangwei Ning ◽  
Rui Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Cpg Methylation ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Human Temporal Lobe

scholarly journals Synaptic Reshaping and Neuronal Outcomes in the Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 3860
Author(s):  
Elisa Ren ◽  
Giulia Curia
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Epileptogenic Zone ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most common types of focal epilepsy, characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures originating in the temporal lobe(s), with mesial TLE (mTLE) as the worst form of TLE, often associated with hippocampal sclerosis. Abnormal epileptiform discharges are the result, among others, of altered cell-to-cell communication in both chemical and electrical transmissions. Current knowledge about the neurobiology of TLE in human patients emerges from pathological studies of biopsy specimens isolated from the epileptogenic zone or, in a few more recent investigations, from living subjects using positron emission tomography (PET). To overcome limitations related to the use of human tissue, animal models are of great help as they allow the selection of homogeneous samples still presenting a more various scenario of the epileptic syndrome, the presence of a comparable control group, and the availability of a greater amount of tissue for in vitro/ex vivo investigations. This review provides an overview of the structural and functional alterations of synaptic connections in the brain of TLE/mTLE patients and animal models.

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