scholarly journals How do Syrian refugee children in Turkey perceive relational factors in the context of their mental health?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 260-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyda Eruyar ◽  
John Maltby ◽  
Panos Vostanis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Paternal Attachment ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Perceived Parenting ◽  
Attachment Relationships ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
The Impact

Although there has been increasing attention on the impact of risk and resilience factors on refugee children’s mental health, there has been limited evidence on the role of parental factors to inform interventions, and this predominantly relies on adult reports. The aim was to investigate the relationship between perceived parenting styles and attachment relationships and child mental health, as reported by 322 Syrian refugee minors aged between 8 and 17 years in Turkey. Child-rated scales included the Children Revised Impact of Event Scale–8 (CRIES-8), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Security Scale and Egna Minnen Betraffande Uppfostran for Children (EMBU-C), and were used as measures of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), general mental health problems, attachment relationships and perceived parenting styles, respectively. Children with secure maternal and paternal attachment perceived their parents as less rejecting, while children with secure paternal attachment also reported their parents as emotionally warmer. Attachment relationships significantly contributed in predicting PTSD after controlling for age and gender, while conduct problems were predicted by lack of emotional warmth, rejection and over-protection by both parents, in addition to insecure attachment relationships. Refugee children’s views are essential in establishing their needs and planning interventions. These should address both the impact of trauma and current family relationships.

scholarly journals Cohort Profile: Biological Pathways of Risk and Resilience in Syrian Refugee Children (BIOPATH)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona McEwen ◽  
Cassandra Popham ◽  
Patricia Moghames ◽  
Demelza Smeeth ◽  
Bernadette de Villiers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Child Gender ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Hair Samples

The BIOPATH cohort was established to explore the interplay of psychosocial and biological factors in the development of resilience and mental health problems in Syrian refugee children. Based in Lebanon, a middle-income country significantly impacted by the refugee crisis, it is the first such cohort of refugees in the Middle East. Families were recruited from informal tented settlements in the Beqaa region using purposive cluster sampling. At baseline (October 2017–January 2018), N=3,190 individuals participated (n=1,595 child-caregiver dyads; child gender, 52.7% female; mean [SD] age=11.44 [2.44] years, range=6-19]). Re-participation rate at one year follow up was 63%. Individual interviews were conducted with children and primary caregivers and biological samples collected from children. Measures include: (i) children’s well-being and mental health problems (using tools validated against clinical interviews in a subsample of the cohort); (ii) psychosocial risk and protective factors at the level of the individual (e.g., coping strategies), family (e.g., parent-child relationship), community (e.g., collective efficacy), and wider context (e.g., services); (iv) saliva samples for genetic and epigenetic (methylation) analyses; (v) hair samples to measure cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA] and testosterone. This cohort profile provides details about sampling and recruitment, data collection and measures, demographic data, attrition and potential bias, key findings on resilience and mental health problems in children, and strengths and limitations of the cohort. Researchers interested in accessing data should contact Professor Michael Pluess at Queen Mary University of London, UK (e-mail: [email protected]).

Parenting Styles and Mental Health of Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Vijeta Singh ◽  
Taruna Gera ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Behmani
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
The Impact

Adolescence is a developmental phase marked with a heightened risk of inception of mental health disorders. The neglect in addressing mental health issues during childhood and adolescence could lead to the development of mental health problems in later life. The perspective with which children perceive their parent's parenting influences the children's mental health. Furthermore, the gender of the parent has its impacts on the shaping of a child's personality under the patriarchal society. The present research attempted to investigate the impact of different parenting styles (paternal) on adolescents' mental health. The study sample comprised 150 adolescents of 14-17 years in age from different schools located in the state of Haryana, India. Parenting Authority Questionnaire and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were used to assess parenting styles and mental health. The present study's findings suggest that adolescents with a permissive parenting style have poor mental health compared with authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles. The study recommends incorporating healthy practices in parenting styles to prevent mental health issues among adolescents.

scholarly journals Mental health of healthcare professionals during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia

BJPsych Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimenu Yitayih ◽  
Seblework Mekonen ◽  
Ahmed Zeynudin ◽  
Embialle Mengistie ◽  
Argaw Ambelu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Classification Tree ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Background The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic causes healthcare professionals to suffer mental health problems such as psychological distress, anxiety, depression, denial and fear. However, studies are lacking related to Ethiopia and to Africa in general. Aims To study the mental health of healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia. Method A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Jimma University Medical Center among 249 healthcare professionals. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires between 22 and 28 March 2020. The psychological impact was assessed using the Impact of Event Scale – Revised (IES-R) and symptoms of insomnia were measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Social support was evaluated using the three-item Oslo Social Support Scale. Data were analysed using logistic regression to examine mutually adjusted associations, expressed as adjusted odds ratios. The psychosocial status of the healthcare professionals was predicted using a classification tree model supported by the genetic search method. Results The prevalence of psychological distress among healthcare professionals was 78.3%. The mean IES-R score was 34.2 (s.d. = 19.4). The ISI score indicated that the prevalence of insomnia was 50.2%. Higher psychological distress was associated with younger age, having insomnia, not having a daily update on COVID-19, and feeling stigmatised and rejected in the neighbourhood because of hospital work. Conclusions This study indicates that, in Ethiopia, the prevalence of psychological distress among healthcare professionals is high and associated with specific sociodemographic risks.

scholarly journals Social capital and mental health problems among Syrian refugee adolescents: The mediating roles of perceived social support and post-traumatic symptoms

2020 ◽  
pp. 002076402094535
Author(s):  
Rahşan Duren ◽  
Özgen Yalçın
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: Social capital is one of the prominent components of refugee mental health. However, its role on mental health is poorly understood. Aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the nature of the association between social capital and mental health problems in refugee adolescents. Method: A cross-sectional study with three hundred twenty-one 12- to 18-year-old Syrian refugee adolescents was conducted in Turkey. We administered the Arabic versions of the following instruments in school settings: The Social Trust, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), The Children’s Impact of Event Scale (CRIES-8) and The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results: The mediation analyses with Hayes’ PROCESS Macro revealed that perceived social support and the intensity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms fully mediated the relationship between social capital and mental health problems. Conclusion: The results suggested social trust’s two distinct functions which impair the likelihood of mental health problems: (a) social trust might help to facilitate perceived social support from family and friends and (b) social trust might impair the intensity of traumatic experiences.

scholarly journals Psychological Responses According to Gender during the Early Stage of COVID-19 in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3731
Author(s):  
Lucía del Río-Casanova ◽  
Milagrosa Sánchez-Martín ◽  
Ana García-Dantas ◽  
Anabel González-Vázquez ◽  
Ania Justo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Psychological Responses ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Background: Current research has pointed out an increased risk of mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in women compared to men, however the reason for this difference remains unclear. The aim of this research is to study early psychological responses to the pandemic in the Spanish general population, focusing on gender differences. Methods: Nine to 14 days after the declaration of a state of emergency an online survey was conducted assessing sociodemographic, health, behavioral and COVID-19-related variables. Mental health status was evaluated by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the Self-Care Scale (SCS). Results: The study included 3520 respondents: 2611 women and 909 men. Women scored significantly higher in DASS-21 and IES-R (p < 0.05) and were more likely to somatize, suffer from hypochondriasis, sleeping disturbances and claustrophobia (p < 0.05). Being a woman can be considered a risk factor for intrusive thoughts, avoidance mechanisms, stress and anxiety (Odd Ratio = 2.7/2.3/2.3/1.6). The risk of presenting posttraumatic symptoms and emotional distress was greater in women (Odd Ratio = 6.77/4.59). General linear models to predict IES-R and DASS-21 scores clarified which variables were gender specific, such as main concerns. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that at early stages of the pandemic, women mental health was more impacted and that both genders show different concerns. Gender perspective in secondary and tertiary prevention strategies must be taken into account when facing the distress associated with the pandemic.

EMDR Treatment of Distressful Experiences That Fail to Meet the Criteria for PTSD

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Cvetek
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Active Listening ◽  
Memory Recall ◽  
Wait List ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is thought to successfully treat not only posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but also other psychiatric disorders and mental health problems inasmuch as these have experiential contributions. This randomized clinical trial investigated the effects of treatment of distressful experiences (or small “t” trauma) that fail to meet the criteria for PTSD. Three hours of a slightly adapted form of EMDR were compared to active listening (attentional placebo, also 3 hours) and wait list. Results with 90 participants showed that EMDR produced significantly lower scores on the Impact of Event Scale than active listening or wait list. EMDR also resulted in a significantly smaller increase on the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (State subscale) after memory recall. Some limitations and implications of findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Mental Health of Nursing Students amid Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Gao ◽  
Fengyun Wang ◽  
Shengcun Guo ◽  
Fudong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
The Impact

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a global disaster, and recent studies have shown its association with increasing mental health problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and stress. Nursing students, especially nursing interns, may be shunned, harassed, and even blamed as potential COVID-19 spreaders, though they were an important reserve force against COVID-19 and other diseases. Of note, the psychological influences of COVID-19 on nursing students remained unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health of nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on nursing students in a vocational college from April 12 to 23, 2020. The Impact of Event Scale–Revised, 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to assess the degree of symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the potential risk factors for the psychological symptoms. A total of 1,780 college nursing students were asked to participate in this online survey, with 1,532 complete responses. In total, 682 (44.5%) college nursing students reported having PTSD, 358 (22.8%) students reported insomnia, and few students reported depression (n = 45, 2.9%), anxiety (n = 44, 2.9%), and stress (n = 17, 1.1%) symptoms. As compared with junior, female, and rural nursing students, the senior, male, and urban nursing students had higher rates of PTSD, depression, anxiety, stress, respectively, whereas male nursing students had a higher insomnia rate. Multivariable analysis showed that senior nursing students had higher risks of PTSD, depression, anxiety; being male was associated with higher risks of PTSD, depression, anxiety, stress, and insomnia; and urban nursing students had higher risks of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and stress. In summary, a considerable number of nursing students reported mental symptoms of PTSD and insomnia, though few reported mental symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, senior, male, and urban nursing students are at risk for developing mental symptoms. Appropriate psychological interventions should be implemented to assure the mental health of nursing students.

scholarly journals “Children Are Not Children Anymore; They Are a Lost Generation”: Adverse Physical and Mental Health Consequences on Syrian Refugee Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8378
Author(s):  
Niveen Rizkalla ◽  
Nour K. Mallat ◽  
Rahma Arafa ◽  
Suher Adi ◽  
Laila Soudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Family System ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Trauma Research ◽  
Syrian Refugee ◽  
The Impact

This research examines Syrian refugee mothers’ accounts of the physical and mental health of their children being affected by war traumas and displacement challenges. Open-ended audio-recorded interviews were conducted in Arabic with 23 mothers residing in Jordan. Using a narrative approach in the data collection and analysis, five major themes were identified: (1) children were exposed to diverse war traumatic experiences in Syria; (2) the escape journey and refugee camps threatened children’s lives; (3) displacement and family stressors exposed children to poverty, hostility from local peers, educational and recreational challenges, child labor, and domestic violence (these three major themes were considered as trauma related variables); (4) children were not only directly affected physically and mentally by their own traumatic experiences and displacement stressors, but these experiences were mediated and magnified by familial interrelated processes, evidenced in intergenerational transmission of trauma, harsh parenting style, parental control, and parentification; and (5) adverse consequences of both trauma related variables and family processes directly and indirectly traumatized children and adversely impacted their physical and mental health. We examined the themes that emerged from the data in view of three theoretical frameworks and the impact of trauma in the family system on child development. To conclude, humanitarian organizations that provide services and interventions to refugees need to take into account familial processes and not only individual factors affecting refugee children’s physical and mental health. Further implications on policies and trauma research are discussed.

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