scholarly journals Choroidal changes after intravitreal injection of interferon alpha-2b

2019 ◽  
Vol 244 (14) ◽  
pp. 1144-1148
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Eghtedari ◽  
Mehrdad Afarid ◽  
Hossein Ashraf ◽  
Mehrnoosh Maalhagh
Keyword(s):  
Intravitreal Injection ◽  
Interferon Alpha ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Type I ◽  
Choroidal Circulation ◽  
Interferon Alpha 2B ◽  
The Mean

Intravitreal injection of interferon alpha-2b (IFN-α2b) is used to treat uveitis but its effect on the choroid is unknown. We histologically evaluated the choroidal changes after intravitreal injection of IFN-α2b. We compared histological samples of IFN-α2b-injected eyes to eyes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced uveitis and eyes injected with balanced salt solution (BSS) as controls. Rabbit eyes received intravitreal injections of BSS, IFN-α2b, or LPS, and enucleation was done seven days later. Choroidal changes were evaluated on histological cut sections. The thickness of the choroid was measured in micrometer and the severity of inflammation was scored. The mean maximum choroidal thickness was significantly greater in the IFN-α2b group in comparison to the LPS and BSS groups ( P < 0.001). The mean minimum choroidal thickness was also significantly greater in the IFN group compared to the BSS group ( P = 0.009). The observed changes were mainly due to vasodilation rather than interstitial fluid retention or inflammation. Mild inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the choroid of four eyes in the IFN group and of three eyes in the LPS group. No inflammation was seen in the control group. The difference in inflammatory cell infiltration between the LPS and IFN groups was not statistically significant. Significant choroidal hyperemia was present after injection of IFN-α2b. This fact may suggest for some pharmacological applications of IFN-α2b when increased choroidal circulation is needed. However, further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms involved. Impact statement Type I interferons are proteins that are naturally secreted by cells in response to certain stimuli. They are approved for medical use to regulate immune responses in many disease states. Our findings of increased choroidal circulation after treatment of the eye with interferon alpha-2b indicate a possible effect of this cytokine on blood circulation. This is a novel finding that needs further investigation to elucidate mechanisms and applications.

scholarly journals The Effect of Exposure of Cigarette Smoke With Herb Additives on Leukocyte and Lung Histopathology of Mice (Mus musculus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-130
Author(s):  
M Luthfi Ardiansyah ◽  
A.A.S.A Sukmaningsih ◽  
Inna Narayani
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Cell Necrosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Smoking habits have been around since ancient times, but nowadays this habit is considered to be detrimental, especially to health. The impact that is often felt by smokers is difficulty in breathing because the lungs are exposed to cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke contains about 1015-1017 oxidants or free radicals, as well as 4700 harmful chemicals, including aldehydes / carbonyls, NO2, and SO2. Herbal cigarettes are tobacco cigarettes with added ingredients from plants. Gurah terapi sin cigarettes are herbal cigarettes that are sold commercially. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of gurah cigarette smoking on the leukocytes and lung histology of mice. This study used a comparative method consisting of 3 groups, namely the control was not exposed to cigarette smoke, treatment 1 was exposed to commercial cigarette smoke and treatment 2 was exposed to cigarette smoke with herbal ingredients and each group consisted of 10 replications. The results showed that there were significant differences (p <0.05) regarding the number of cell necrosis, type II pneumocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration, hemorrhage, and alveolar dilation. While the results of the analysis of the number of leukocytes showed no significant difference where p > 0.05. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the number of leukocytes in the control group, treatment 1 and treatment 2 (p > 0.05). herbs containing various kinds of antioxidants cause a tendency for differences in the number of leukocytes where there is a decrease in the number of lymphocytes and neutrophils and an improvement in the histopathological structure of the lung against type I pneumocyte cell necrosis, hemorrhage, alveolar dilation, type II pneumocyte cell proliferation, and inflammatory cell infiltration in exposed mice. commercial cigarette smoke without herbal ingredients.

A Case of Bullous Amyloidosis Associated with an Inflammatory Cell Infiltration and Prominent Pruritus

2008 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Taisuke KAMIYAMA ◽  
Yoshihiro KAWAGUCHI ◽  
Masami SASAKI ◽  
Masamichi SATOU ◽  
Kumiko MIURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽  
Cell Infiltration

scholarly journals The Symmetric 3D Organization of Connective Tissue around Implant Abutment: A Key-Issue to Prevent Bone Resorption

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Giovanna Iezzi ◽  
Francesca Di Lillo ◽  
Michele Furlani ◽  
Marco Degidi ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Oral Epithelium ◽  
Implant Abutment

Symmetric and well-organized connective tissues around the longitudinal implant axis were hypothesized to decrease early bone resorption by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. Previous studies that referred to the connective tissue around implant and abutments were based on two-dimensional investigations; however, only advanced three-dimensional characterizations could evidence the organization of connective tissue microarchitecture in the attempt of finding new strategies to reduce inflammatory cell infiltration. We retrieved three implants with a cone morse implant–abutment connection from patients; they were investigated by high-resolution X-ray phase-contrast microtomography, cross-linking the obtained information with histologic results. We observed transverse and longitudinal orientated collagen bundles intertwining with each other. In the longitudinal planes, it was observed that the closer the fiber bundles were to the implant, the more symmetric and regular their course was. The transverse bundles of collagen fibers were observed as semicircular, intersecting in the lamina propria of the mucosa and ending in the oral epithelium. No collagen fibers were found radial to the implant surface. This intertwining three-dimensional pattern seems to favor the stabilization of the soft tissues around the implants, preventing inflammatory cell apical migration and, consequently, preventing bone resorption and implant failure. This fact, according to the authors’ best knowledge, has never been reported in the literature and might be due to the physical forces acting on fibroblasts and on the collagen produced by the fibroblasts themselves, in areas close to the implant and to the symmetric geometry of the implant itself.

scholarly journals Effect of Qinbai Qingfei Concentrated Pellets on substance P and neutral endopeptidase of rats with post-infectious cough

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weigang Jia ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
Quanyu Zhou ◽  
Ying Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Neutral Endopeptidase ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Cough Frequency ◽  
Post Infectious

Abstract Background In recent years, it has been reported that Qinbai Qingfei Concentrated Pellet (QQCP) has the effect of relieving cough and reducing sputum. However, the therapeutic potentials of QQCP on post-infectious cough (PIC) rat models has not been elucidated. So the current study was aimed to scientifically validate the efficacy of QQCP in post infectious cough. Methods All rats were exposed to sawdust and cigarette smokes for 10 days, and intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and capsaicin aerosols. Rats were treated with QQCP at dose of 80, 160, 320 mg/kg. Cough frequency was monitored twice a day for 10 days after drug administration. Inflammatory cell infiltration was determined by ELISA. Meanwhile, the histopathology of lung tissue and bronchus in rats were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E). Neurogenetic inflammation were measured by ELISA and qRT-PCR. Results QQCP dose-dependently decreased the cough frequency and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, but exerted the opposite effects on the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-13 in BALF and serum of PIC rats. The oxidative burden was effectively ameliorated in QQCP-treated PIC rats as there were declines in Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and increases in Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the serum and lung tissue. In addition, QQCP blocked inflammatory cell infiltration into the lung as evidenced by the reduced number of total leukocytes and the portion of neutrophils in the broncho - alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) as well as the alleviated lung damage. Furthermore, QQCP considerable reversed the neurogenetic inflammation caused by PIC through elevating neutral endopeptidase (NEP) activity and reducing Substance P (SP) and Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) expression in BALF, serum and lung tissue. Conclusions Our study indicated that QQCP demonstrated a protective role of PIC and may be a potential therapeutic target of PIC.

Extensive inflammatory cell infiltration in human skeletal muscle in response to an ultraendurance exercise bout in experienced athletes

2013 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Marklund ◽  
C. Mikael Mattsson ◽  
Britta Wåhlin-Larsson ◽  
Elodie Ponsot ◽  
Björn Lindvall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Exercise Bout ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽  
Class I ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Class I Mhc ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
The Impact

The impact of a 24-h ultraendurance exercise bout on systemic and local muscle inflammatory reactions was investigated in nine experienced athletes. Blood and muscle biopsies were collected before (Pre), immediately after the exercise bout (Post), and after 28 h of recovery (Post28). Circulating blood levels of leukocytes, creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), and selected inflammatory cytokines were assessed together with the evaluation of the occurrence of inflammatory cells (CD3+, CD8+, CD68+) and the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC class I) in skeletal muscle. An extensive inflammatory cell infiltration occurred in all athletes, and the number of CD3+, CD8+, and CD68+ cells were two- to threefold higher at Post28 compared with Pre ( P < 0.05). The inflammatory cell infiltration was associated with a significant increase in the expression of MHC class I in muscle fibers. There was a significant increase in blood leukocyte count, IL-6, IL-8, CRP, and CK at Post. At Post28, total leukocytes, IL-6, and CK had declined, whereas IL-8 and CRP continued to increase. Increases in IL-1β and TNF-α were not significant. There were no significant associations between the magnitude of the systemic and local muscle inflammatory reactions. Signs of muscle degenerative and regenerative events were observed in all athletes with various degrees of severity and were not affected by the 24-h ultraendurance exercise bout. In conclusion, a low-intensity but very prolonged single-endurance exercise bout can generate a strong inflammatory cell infiltration in skeletal muscle of well-trained experienced ultraendurance athletes, and the amplitude of the local reaction is not proportional to the systemic inflammatory response.

scholarly journals LOX-1 deficient mice show resistance to zymosan-induced arthritis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Hashimoto ◽  
Yutaka Oda ◽  
Koichi Nakagawa ◽  
Terumasa Ikeda ◽  
Kazuhiro Ohtani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Infiltration ◽  
Cell Infiltration ◽  
Synovial Cells ◽  
Synovial Hyperplasia ◽  
And Cartilage

Recent data suggest that the lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) receptor-1 (LOX-1)/ox-LDL system may be involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis. We aimed to demonstrate the roles of the LOX-1/ox-LDL system in arthritis development by using LOX-1 knockout (KO) mice. Arthritis was induced in the right knees of C57Bl/6 wild-type (WT) and LOX-1 KO mice via zymosan injection. Saline was injected in the left knees. Arthritis development was evaluated using inflammatory cell infiltration, synovial hyperplasia, and cartilage degeneration scores at 1, 3, and 7 days after administration. LOX-1, ox-LDL, and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) expression in the synovial cells and chondrocytes was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The LOX-1, ox-LDL, and MMP-3 expression levels in synovial cells were scored on a grading scale. The positive cell rate of LOX-1, ox-LDL, and MMP-3 in chondrocytes was measured. The correlation between the positive cell rate of LOX-1 or ox-LDL and the cartilage degeneration score was also examined. Inflammatory cell infiltration, synovial hyperplasia, and cartilage degeneration were significantly reduced in the LOX-1 KOmice with zymosan-induced arthritis (ZIA) compared to WT mice with ZIA. In the saline-injected knees, no apparent arthritic changes were observed. LOX-1 and ox-LDL expression in synovial cells and chondrocytes were detected in the knees of WT mice with ZIA. No LOX-1 and ox-LDL expression was detected in the knees of LOX-1 KOmice with ZIA or the saline-injected knees of both mice. MMP-3 expression in the synovial cells and chondrocytes was also detected in knees of both mice with ZIA, and was significantly less in the LOX-1 KO mice than in WT mice. The positive cell rate of LOX-1 or ox-LDL and the cartilage degeneration score showed a positive correlation. Our data show the involvement of the LOX-1/ox-LDL system in murine ZIA development. LOX-1-positive synovial cells and chondrocytes are potential therapeutic targets for arthritis prevention.

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