Subjective Work Measurement for Nurse Staffing

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Louis E. Freund ◽  
Barry L. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Optimal Output ◽  
Activity Performance ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Human Attributes

Human Engineering can be viewed as a method of achieving “optimal” output from a man-machine system by engineering the requisites for achieving output to the constraints imposed by the human component. Operations Research is concerned with the “optimal” allocation of resources. When the resource becomes some property of human beings, difficulty is encountered in the measurement of human attributes over which optimization is to take place. This paper describes a staffing methodology which attempts to “optimize” personnel utilization in job performance in terms of the workload, the objective being to minimize worklod while maintaining performance and quality. The methodology is differentiated from time based methodologies in that it employe a technique called constant sum paired comparisons to establish subjective measures of workload. This subjective technique has its origins in the psychophysical methods previously applied in Human Engineering. This subjective technique allows perceptions of workload to include not only the time required for activity performance but also the individuality of the worker, his concept of work scope, responsiblity, and methods used, conditions of the working environment and the individuality of the work required. An application to the staffing of nursing units in acute adult hospitals is presented where staffing recommendations specific to each unit and shift (working situation) and which reflect the distribution and census of patients, capacities of nursing personnel, and goals for care delivery in terms of skill levels and quality of care are computed.

scholarly journals The European TeleCheck-AF project on remote app-based management of atrial fibrillation during the COVID-19 pandemic: centre and patient experiences

EP Europace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Gawałko ◽  
David Duncker ◽  
Martin Manninger ◽  
Rachel M J van der Velden ◽  
Astrid N L Hermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Patient Experiences ◽  
Af Ablation ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Inclusion Rate ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Aims TeleCheck-AF is a multicentre international project initiated to maintain care delivery for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during COVID-19 through teleconsultations supported by an on-demand photoplethysmography-based heart rate and rhythm monitoring app (FibriCheck®). We describe the characteristics, inclusion rates, and experiences from participating centres according the TeleCheck-AF infrastructure as well as characteristics and experiences from recruited patients. Methods and results Three surveys exploring centre characteristics (n = 25), centre experiences (n = 23), and patient experiences (n = 826) were completed. Self-reported patient characteristics were obtained from the app. Most centres were academic (64%) and specialized public cardiology/district hospitals (36%). Majority of the centres had AF outpatient clinics (64%) and only 36% had AF ablation clinics. The time required to start patient inclusion and total number of included patients in the project was comparable for centres experienced (56%) or inexperienced in mHealth use. Within 28 weeks, 1930 AF patients were recruited, mainly for remote AF control (31% of patients) and AF ablation follow-up (42%). Average inclusion rate was highest during the lockdown restrictions and reached a steady state at a lower level after easing the restrictions (188 vs. 52 weekly recruited patients). Majority (>80%) of the centres reported no problems during the implementation of the TeleCheck-AF approach. Recruited patients [median age 64 (55–71), 62% male] agreed that the FibriCheck® app was easy to use (94%). Conclusion Despite different health care settings and mobile health experiences, the TeleCheck-AF approach could be set up within an extremely short time and easily used in different European centres during COVID-19.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of work Related Musculo Skeletal Disorders (wrmsd’s) Among Doctors - A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Biju Azariah ◽  
◽  
Geethu Babu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related

Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) have not only shown to impact the physical and pschycological comfort of the employee but also deteriorate the prospects of any production or service sector. The prevalence of WRMSDs, though studied extensively in various sectors, has been understudied in health sector, especially among doctors. This study which evaluated the prevalence and risk factors of these disorders among fifty cancer treating Radiation Oncologist at a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in India had exposed out an alarming 68% prevalence of these disorders in the study population, with neck pain being the commonest site of these Muscloskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Several factors which could impact the development of MSDs were analysed. This higher incidence of MSDs is presumed to be because of extreme physical and mental stress of working in a high volume cancer care centre, persistent unhealthy postures during work, inadequate micropauses between works and uncomfortable working atmosphere. Adequate physician patient ratio, restricting the patient load, providing good physician friendly working environment and adequate mandatory breaks might significantly reduce the incidence of these disorders and can prevent the sagging of health care delivery.

scholarly journals Computerized Provider Order Entry with Pager Notification Improves Efficiency in STAT Radiographic Studies and Respiratory Treatments

2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Crotty ◽  
Conway RRT ◽  
Kim Ward Hart ◽  
Craig Dietrich ◽  
Scott Pettinichi RRT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Verbal Report ◽  
Respiratory Therapy ◽  
Order Entry ◽  
Computerized Provider Order Entry ◽  
Respiratory Therapists ◽  
Radiology Technicians ◽  
Picture Archiving And Communication ◽  
Time Required

Summary Background: The use of computerized provider order entry (CPOE) has been widely linked to improvements in patient safety. We hypothesized that electronic routing of CPOE-generated orders through individual pagers would improve the efficiency of STAT radiographic studies and respiratory treatments. Methods: The study was conducted in two periods before and after implementing pager notification of STAT orders. In the Baseline Period, CPOE-generated STAT orders were communicated to radiology technicians or respiratory therapists through the use of printed orders, manual paging and/or telephone communication. The time to process the order and deliver a radiology result or respiratory treatment was tracked. In the Intervention Period CPOE-generated STAT orders were electronically routed to the radiology technician’s or respiratory therapist’s pager. During both time periods, clinicians completed user satisfaction surveys. Results: Using pager notification, there was a significant reduction in radiology technician arrival time (16.8±2.1 vs 7.9±0.7 mins, p<0.001). Similarly there was a significant reduction in the cumulative time required to capture the radiographic image, image availability in the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and the verbal report from the radiologist (p<0.05). The time required in obtaining a preliminary or final radiographic written report and the total cycle times were not significantly reduced. For STAT respiratory therapy orders there was a significant reduction in the mean time from ordering to administration of respiratory therapy treatments (124.7±14.1 vs 49.8±11.4 minutes, p<0.01). Radiologists, respiratory therapists and ordering clinicians reported improved satisfaction after implementation of pager notification. Conclusion: Computer-generated orders for STAT radiographic studies and respiratory treatments can be carried out significantly faster through the use of direct pager notification. The implementation of this process has resulted in improved care delivery and widespread clinician satisfaction.

scholarly journals Avaliação do ambiente de trabalho entre profissionais de enfermagem em uma unidade de urgência e emergência

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-399
Author(s):  
Fernanda Leticia Frates Cauduro ◽  
Sonia Maria Kalckmann de Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Work Index ◽  
Nursing Team ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Nursing Professionals ◽  
Los Grupos

Investigación cuantitativa, descriptiva y exploratoria, llevada a cabo en una unidad de emergencia de la ciudad de Curitiba, Estado de Paraná - Brasil, que tuvo como objetivo identificar la percepción del personal de enfermería acerca de su entorno de trabajo y comparar la percepción del entorno de trabajo de las enfermeras y técnicos de enfermería. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el instrumento Nursing Work Index - revisado y adaptado al contexto brasileño (B- NWIR), compuesto por 57 elementos que se dividen en cuatro subescalas: autonomía, control sobre el medio ambiente, relación entre los médicos y las enfermeras y apoyo organizativo. Los puntajes inferiores a 2,5 se consideran positivos y por encima de este valor, negativo. Los datos se introdujeron en la hoja de cálculo Excel y se analizaron mediante el software SPSS v.20. La investigación mostró opinión ética favorable conforme a la legislación nacional existente para los estudios en humanos. Los participantes fueron 17 enfermeras y 46 técnicos de enfermería. Hubo un predominio de mujeres jóvenes; sólo la subescala "autonomía" tuvo un promedio de menos de 2,5 y evaluada positivamente por el personal de enfermería. Entre los ítems que componen el instrumento 11 obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios en cuanto a la percepción del ambiente de trabajo, pero no hubo acuerdo entre los grupos estudiados para las medias por ítem. El ambiente de trabajo se evaluó negativamente para la práctica profesional del personal de enfermería y los resultados pueden ayudar a las acciones futuras de los profesionales de enfermería y gestores de servicios con el fin de proporcionar un entorno adecuado para la atención en la unidad de emergencia y de emergencia. A quantitative, descriptive and exploratory study was carried out in an Emergency Care Unit of the Municipality of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, which aimed to identify the perception of the nursing team regarding their work environment and to compare the perception of the working environment among nurses And nursing technicians. For data collection, the Nursing Work Index - a revised version adapted to the Brazilian context (B-NWIR) was used, composed of 57 items, which is subdivided into four subscales: autonomy, control over the environment, relationship between doctors and nurses And organizational support. Scores below 2.5 are considered positive and above this negative value. The data obtained inserted in an Excel® worksheet and analyzed by SPSS Statistics software v.20. The research presented a favorable ethical opinion, according to the national legislation in force for studies with human beings. Participants were 17 nurses and 46 nursing technicians. There was a predominance of young women, only the subscale "Autonomy" obtained an average of less than 2.5 and evaluated positively by nursing technicians. Among the items that make up the instrument, 11 obtained satisfactory results regarding the perception of the work environment, however there was no agreement among the groups studied for the averages per item. The work environment evaluated in a negative way for the professional practice of the nursing team and the results can subsidize future actions of the nursing professionals and managers of the service with a view to providing an adequate environment to the attendance in an emergency and emergency unit. Pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e exploratória, realizada em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento do Município de Curitiba, Paraná - Brasil, que objetivou identificar a percepção da equipe de enfermagem quanto ao seu ambiente de trabalho e comparar a percepção do ambiente de trabalho entre enfermeiros e técnicos de enfermagem.  Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado o instrumento Nursing Work Index – versão revisada e adaptada ao contexto brasileiro (B- NWIR), composto por 57 itens o qual é subdividido em quatro subescalas: autonomia, controle sobre o ambiente, relação entre médicos e enfermeiros e suporte organizacional. Escores abaixo de 2.5 são considerados positivos e acima deste valor, negativos. Os dados obtidos foram inseridos em planilha Excel® e analisados pelo software SPSS Statistics v.20. A pesquisa apresentou parecer ético favorável, conforme a legislação nacional vigente para estudos com seres humanos. Participaram 17 enfermeiros e 46 técnicos de enfermagem. Houve o predomínio de mulheres jovens; apenas a subescala “Autonomia” obteve média inferior a 2,5 e avaliada positivamente por técnicos de enfermagem. Entre os itens que compõem o instrumento, 11 obtiveram resultados satisfatórios quanto à percepção do ambiente de trabalho, contudo não houve concordância entre os grupos estudados para as médias por item. O ambiente de trabalho foi avaliado de forma negativa para a prática profissional da equipe de enfermagem e os resultados podem subsidiar futuras ações dos profissionais de enfermagem e gestores do serviço com vistas a proporcionar um ambiente adequado ao atendimento em unidade de urgência e emergência.

scholarly journals A posthuman ecology of simulated human patients: Eidolons, empathy and fidelity in the uncanny embodiment of nursing practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-318
Author(s):  
Aileen Ireland
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Form ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
The Uncanny ◽  
Human Patient Simulators ◽  
Patient Simulators ◽  
Digital Objects ◽  
Human Attributes

The reproduction of the human form has been a universal practice amongst human ecologies for millennia. Over the past 200 years, popular culture has considered the imaginary consequences of the danger to humanity and human-ness of replicating the autonomous human form too faithfully. Today, the seductive allure of technologically advanced simulated human bodies and advances in robotics and artificial intelligence has brought us closer to facing this possibility. Alongside the simultaneous aversion and fascination of the possibility that autonomous simulated human forms may become indistinguishable from human beings is the deep-rooted uncanniness of the automaton in its strange familiarity – not only to ourselves but to our pleasant childhood imaginings of playing with dolls. As such, simulated human bodies are often enrolled in medical and nursing education models with the assumption that making the simulation teaching spaces seem as close to clinical spaces as possible will allow students to practise potentially harmful clinical skills without causing any harm to human patients. However similar the simulated human bodies may appear to a living, breathing human, a tension between the embodiment of particularly human attributes and their replication persists. How can computerized human patient simulators be enrolled to teach people to develop the necessary attributes of compassion and empathy when caring for human beings? This article explores the uncanny ecologies of simulated human patients in nursing education by presenting a posthuman analysis of the practices of nurse educators as they enrol these digital objects in their teaching. Guided by a selection of heuristics offered as a mode of interviewing digital objects, the analysis enrolled ‘Gathering Anecdotes’ and ‘Unravelling Translations’ to attune to the ways in which these uncanny posthuman assemblages become powerful modes of knowing to mobilize learning about human attributes within uncanny posthuman ecologies.

Horse Safe

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Myers
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Professional Sport ◽  
Safety Equipment ◽  
Skill Levels ◽  
Human Aspects ◽  
Horse Riding ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Herd Behaviour

Horse riding is widely enjoyed as a professional sport or a hobby by riders of all ages. It is also acknowledged as being potentially dangerous, yet many of these dangers can be avoided and the severity of accidents drastically reduced if safe practices and risk management are employed. Horse Safe covers safety around horses in detail and aims to raise awareness of what can happen. Beginning with an explanation of horses’ natural behavioural characteristics, such as herd behaviour, intelligence and body language, the author then presents the more human aspects of horse safety – safety equipment and how it should be maintained, the working environment, systems for safe horse management, safe riding, training for safe horses, and transporting horses safely. The book concludes with a chapter on how to reduce the risks when buying a horse and how to avoid potential pitfalls. Written by Jane Myers, a leading expert, and endorsed by the Association for Horsemanship, Safety and Education (AHSE), Horse Safe is highly practical and is invaluable for riders of all disciplines and skill levels.

Safety Strategy in the Smart Manufacturing System: A Human Robot Collaboration Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Vincent Wang ◽  
Lihui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Action Strategy ◽  
Human Robot Collaboration ◽  
Safety Strategy

Abstract The next generation of the manufacturing industry calls for new approaches with smarter functionalities and better/safer working environment for human beings. The Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) approach provides a feasible solution combing the flexibility and intelligence of a human, together with the accuracy and strength of an industrial robot. However, in the past years, despite the significant development of different HRC approaches, there is still a lack of clear safety strategy for an HRC system. Thus in this paper, the extensive taxonomy of the human-robot relations are first defined to provide a clear classification in different robotic scenarios. Then a comprehensive action strategy is developed toward different scenarios and human stakeholder’s roles. A dynamic HRC layout approach is also introduced based on the actual speed of human and robot and the distance between them. The feasibility of the proposed approaches in this paper is then evaluated via the implemenntation in an HRC-based assembly cell. The operator’s biometric data is also included in the HRC control loop. It is proven achievable to conduct personalised HRC safety strategy based on the human stakeholder’s role, physical conditions, speed and so forth. The future research outlooks and essential considerations are addressed at the end of the paper.

Anthropologists as Human Factors Engineers

1960 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Bernard Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Applied Science ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Human Engineering ◽  
Human Use ◽  
And Task

Human engineering (also known as human factors) has been defined as, "a branch of applied science aimed at matching machine and task with the abilities of the operator." A more elaborate description of human engineering identifies it as being concerned with ... the adaptation of human tasks and working environment to the sensory, mental, physical and other attributes of people. This adaptation for human use applies to such functions as the designs of equipment, instruments, manmachine systems, and consumer products, and to the development of optimum work methods and work environment.

scholarly journals THIAMIN DEFICIENCY IN THE RHESUS MONKEY

Blood ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1453-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. RINEHART ◽  
L. D. GREENBERG ◽  
L. L. GINZTON
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Dramatic Improvement ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Thiamin Deficiency ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Nuclear Structures ◽  
Time Required

Abstract Seven rhesus monkeys were subjected to one or more episodes of acute thiamin depletion. It is clear that significant metabolic inadequacies preceded demonstrable structural changes. Diminished food consumption and weight loss were manifest about two weeks after thiamin was removed from the diet. When the deficiency was prolonged the animals became apathetic, inactive and progressively weaker. This was followed by ataxia and at times ptosis and tremors. Even in such advanced states of depletion, administration of thiamin produced dramatic improvement in locomotion, appetite and reactivity. The blood thiamin content of normal monkeys ranged from 5.5 to 10γ per 100 ml. of whole blood, values which are comparable to those of healthy human beings. Following withdrawal of thiamin the blood concentration fell to values of 4γ or less. The tissue content of thiamin was correspondingly reduced in depleted animals. The minimum daily requirement for thiamin calculated on the basis of the time required to redeplete a deficient monkey following a small dose of thiamin was approximately 15γ per kilogram body weight. Characteristic degenerative changes in the heart muscle and severe retrogressive changes in the nuclear structures of the central nervous system previously reported were noted. Based on careful hematologic studies in 4 animals it is concluded that thiamin is essential for normal erythropoiesis. Acute or chronic depletion results in anemia due to suppression of red blood cell formation as indicated by severe depression or absence of reticulocytes in the blood.

Sliding Mode Control Scheme for Tele-Operation Manipulator

2012 ◽  
Vol 246-247 ◽  
pp. 842-846
Author(s):  
Rui Tang
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Sliding Mode Control ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Position Tracking ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mode Control ◽  
Chattering Phenomenon ◽  
Manipulator Control

Master and slave manipulator has been widely used because it can work easily in the working environment where the human beings can hardly work. In order to make the manipulator control system have good tracking performance, a control strategy based on sliding mode control was proposed for master-slave manipulator control system. Considering that the quality and stability of servo system will be affected by the chattering phenomenon in the SMC, a reaching law approach was used to reduce the chattering phenomenon. The proposed control strategy can make the master and slave manipulator have good performances on force and position tracking, and the chattering problem has also been alleviated. Simulation and experiments results show that the proposed control strategy can produce good performances on the force and position tracking, the problem of chattering has also been inhibited significantly, and the stability and quality of the master and slave manipulator has been improved as well.

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