Risk Factors of Early Childhood Caries in a Southeast Asian Population

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.H. van Palenstein Helderman ◽  
W. Soe ◽  
M.A. van ’t Hof
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Supplementary Food ◽  
Southeast Asian Population ◽  
Nocturnal Feeding

A retrospective cohort study on ECC and associated factors was conducted among mothers with 25- to 30-month-old infants in a community where prolonged breastfeeding was common practice. All infants who consumed sugary supplementary food or rice that was pre-chewed by the mother, or who fell asleep with the breast nipple in their mouths, had ECC. Infants without those habits, and who were breastfed up to 12 months, had no ECC. Breastfeeding during the day beyond the age of 12 months was not associated with ECC, but infants who were breastfed at night > 2 times had an OR for ECC of 35 (CI 6-186), and those who were exposed to > 15 min per nocturnal feeding had an OR for ECC of 100 (CI 10-995). The present study indicates that, in this population, besides the consumption of sugars and pre-chewed rice, nocturnal breastfeeding after the age of 12 months poses a risk of developing ECC.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Development of Decreased Kidney Function in a Southeast Asian Population: A 12-Year Cohort Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somnuek Domrongkitchaiporn ◽  
Piyamitr Sritara ◽  
Chagriya Kitiyakara ◽  
Wasana Stitchantrakul ◽  
Vorasakdi Krittaphol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Southeast Asian Population

scholarly journals Prevalence, associated factors, and outcomes for labor induction at a tertiary hospital in Northern Tanzania: A retrospective cohort study 2000 - 2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Silver Tarimo ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
Joseph Obure ◽  
Michael Johnson Mahande
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Labor Induction ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Labor induction (IOL) refers to an obstetric intervention which include artificial stimulation of uterine contraction aiming at vaginal delivery of a fetus before the onset of spontaneous labor. Despite undisputed importance of this intervention in improving pregnancy outcomes, data on its utilization and outcomes in Tanzania is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, associated factors and outcomes for labor induction among women who were attended at a tertiary hospital in north-Tanzania. Methods We designed a retrospective cohort study and analyzed 53338 deliveries at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) between the year 2000 to 2015. We enrolled singleton deliveries with vertex presentation and excluded observations with missing information on induction status. Relative risk and 95% Confidence Interval for risk factors and outcomes of labor induction were estimated using log-binomial regression models. Robust variance estimation was used to account for repeated deliveries from the same subject. Results 53,338 deliveries were analyzed. Prevalence of labor induction was 21.63%. Independent risk factors for labor induction were; postdates (RR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.15–1.28), fetal macrosomia (RR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.18–1.36) and obesity (RR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.06–1.18). Labor induction was associated with an increased risk of uterine rapture (RR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.62–2.09) and low (< 7) Apgar score (RR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.17–1.37). Labor induction offered protective effect against cesarean delivery (RR = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.53–0.58) and admission to neonatal intensive care unit (RR = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.89–0.99). Conclusion Efforts aimed at achieving the health-related sustainable development goals should focus on increasing access to effective interventions as well as improving quality of health care while being cautioned on likelihood of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.

scholarly journals Early Childhood Caries Experience Associated with Upper Respiratory Infection in US Children: Findings from a Retrospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albelali A ◽  
◽  
Wu TT ◽  
Malmstrom H ◽  
Xiao J ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Upper Respiratory Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Introduction: Both Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) are infectious diseases. The oral cavity is considered a potential reservoir of respiratory pathogens due to the anatomical proximity between the oral cavity and respiratory system, which implies a potential association between ECC and URI. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the association between ECC experience and URI incidence in preschool children. Methods: This retrospective cohort study collected data via electronic health records. The exposure was ECC before 3 years of age. The dependent variable was the incidence of URI between 4-6 years of age. To analyze the factors associated with the time-to-event of URI, we used log-rank tests and Cox regression models to compare the survival of URI between the ECC and Caries- Free (CF) groups, adjusting factors including demographic-socioeconomic characteristics and medical conditions. To analyze factors associated with the number of URI episodes, we used negative binomial regression models adjusting for factors mentioned above. Results: A total of 497 US preschool children were included, with 117 ECC and 380 CF children. More children with ECC (58.1%) developed URI than the CF group (47.6%) during the follow-up period (4-6 years of age) (p=0.04). The ECC children were at 1.6 times higher risk to develop URI than the CF children even after accounting for other URI risk factors (Hazard Ratio 1.57 (1.13, 2.10), p=0.007). Conclusions: Our study suggests a potential association between ECC and URI, with an inference that early life ECC experience could be used as a predictor for developing URI in preschool age. The causal relationship between ECC and URI incidence in young children needs to be investigated through future studies.

An Analysis of Dental Implants Survival and Success

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2465-2466
Author(s):  
Iustin Olariu ◽  
Roxana Radu ◽  
Teodora Olariu ◽  
Andrada Christine Serafim ◽  
Ramona Amina Popovici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Health Related

Osseointegration of a dental implant may encounter a variety of problems caused by various factors, as prior health-related problems, patients� habits and the technique of the implant inserting. Retrospective cohort study of 70 patients who received implants between January 2011- April 2016 in one dental unit, with Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the probability of implants�s survival at 60 months. The analysis included demographic data, age, gender, medical history, behavior risk factors, type and location of the implant. For this cohort the implants�survival for the first 6 months was 92.86% compared to the number of patients and 97.56% compared to the number of total implants performed, with a cumulative failure rate of 2.43% after 60 months. Failures were focused exclusively on posterior mandible implants, on the percentage of 6.17%, odds ratio (OR) for these failures being 16.76 (P = 0.05) compared with other localisations of implants, exclusively in men with median age of 42 years.

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