scholarly journals Intestinal perforation involving the Dacron cuff of nephrostomy tubes following subcutaneous ureteral bypass system implantation for ureteral obstructions in two cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 205511692110132
Author(s):  
Sigrid K Johnston ◽  
Tristram Bennett ◽  
Amanda J Miller
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nephrostomy Tube ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Septic Peritonitis ◽  
Device Placement ◽  
Duodenal Perforations ◽  
Resection And Anastomosis ◽  
First Time

Case summary This case report describes two cats that had subcutaneous ureteral bypass (SUB) systems implanted and subsequently developed duodenal perforations and septic peritonitis associated with the Dacron cuff of the nephrostomy tube. One cat recovered following surgical explantation of the SUB system with intestinal resection and anastomosis of the perforated small intestine, and – at the time of writing – is still alive. The other cat was humanely euthanased intraoperatively at the owner’s request owing to its perceived prognosis. Relevance and novel information To our knowledge this is the first time this complication has been reported following SUB device placement.

scholarly journals Grass as a linear gastrointestinal foreign body obstruction in four dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e001116
Author(s):  
Joanna McCagherty ◽  
Donald Yool ◽  
Naomi F Earley ◽  
Sam Woods
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Postoperative Ileus ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intestinal Segment ◽  
Intestinal Necrosis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Obstruction ◽  
Mesenteric Border ◽  
Foreign Body Obstruction ◽  
Resection And Anastomosis

Four dogs presented with linear gastrointestinal foreign body (FB) obstruction caused by impacted grass fibres. The material had become anchored within the pylorus in three dogs, causing necrosis and perforation of the mesenteric border of the affected intestinal segment. Gastrotomy and intestinal resection and anastomosis were performed. The fourth case presented acutely with no intestinal necrosis or perforation, with the fibres removed via enterotomy. One dog suffered severe postoperative ileus that failed to respond to medical management. Continued deterioration prompted euthanasia 12 days postoperatively. The other three dogs survived and were discharged without complication. Grass has not previously been reported as a cause of linear gastrointestinal obstruction in dogs. It has, however, the potential to cause severe necrosis and perforation of the intestine and should be recognised as a potential linear FB in dogs.

scholarly journals A Revision of the Coccidia Parasitic in Man

Parasitology ◽  
1919 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Dobell
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Near East ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Form ◽  
First Time

From a study of the organisms themselves, so far as this has been possible, and from an analysis of all accessible records relating to them, I conclude that there are four distinct species of coccidia which may parasitize man. These are: (1) Isospora hominis Rivolta, 1878 (emend.), discovered by Kjellberg in 1860. and recently investigated by Wenyon; (2) Eimeria wenyoni n.sp., a form discovered in 1915 by Wenyon; (3) Eimeria oxyspora n.sp., another new form, here described for the first time; (4) an undetermined species of Eimeria (?) which was discovered by Gubler in 1858. This last inhabits the human liver, whilst the three others probably live in the small intestine. Probably some seventy cases of infection with the Isospora have now been seen, mostly in persons who have been in the Near East; but the other parasites appear to be extremely rare, and little is known concerning their probable geographical distribution.All these parasites are probably peculiar to man. There is no evidence that any of them is or can be parasitic in any other host. The prevailing belief that the coccidia of man are identical with those of rabbits, cats, or dogs, is therefore unfounded. Furthermore, there is as yet no good evidence to show that man may harbour any species of coccidia other than the four just enumerated. All these forms, however, require fuller investigation. They are here briefly and incompletely described from the data at present available.There is at present no proof that the coccidia of man—with the probable exception of the species occurring in the liver—can produce a clinically recognizable pathological condition of “coccidiosis”: and as yet no method of treatment which will eradicate an infection with any species has been discovered.

Characterisation of cocaine- and amphetamine- regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) enteric neurons in the porcine small intestine

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Wojtkiewicz ◽  
Sławomir Gonkowski ◽  
Marek Bladowski ◽  
Mariusz Majewski
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Double Labelling ◽  
Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Submucous Plexus ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
First Time ◽  
Labelling Immunofluorescence

The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and the number of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript-like immunoreactive (CART-LI) neurons and the co-localisation of CART with substance P (SP), somatostatin (SOM), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) within the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the porcine small intestine. Accordingly, the myenteric plexus (MP), outer submucous plexus (OSP) and inner submucous plexus (ISP) of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) were studied by double-labelling immunofluorescence technique. CART-LI neurons were observed in all gut fragments and all types of intramural plexuses studied and amounted from 0.2 ± 0.1% in the ISP of ileum to 22.4 ± 2.4% in the MP of this segment. The co-localisation of CART and NOS or/and VIP was observed depending on the segment of the gut and the complexity of the intramural plexus. On the other hand, during this study the co-localisation of CART and SOM or/and SP was not observed. The present study, for the first time, presents a detailed description of the CART distribution pattern and co-localisation with other neuromodulators within the ENS of the porcine small intestine.

Externalized Ileocolic Anastomosis: Case Report

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Simcock ◽  
Charles A. Kuntz ◽  
Raquel Newman
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Anastomosis ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Ileocolic Anastomosis ◽  
Peritoneal Effusion ◽  
Septic Peritonitis ◽  
Paramedian Incision ◽  
Resection And Anastomosis

A 6-year-old, spayed female Labrador retriever was presented 48 hours after an intestinal resection and anastomosis for management of a small intestinal foreign body. Abdominal ultrasound confirmed the presence of peritoneal effusion. Cytology of fluid collected by abdominocentesis revealed a large number of degenerate neutrophils with intracellular cocci. A diagnosis of septic peritonitis was made, presumably because of dehiscence of the anastomosis. Upon repeat exploratory celiotomy, the intestinal anastomosis (located 4 cm orad to the cecum) was found to be leaking intestinal contents into the abdomen. The distal ileum, cecum, and proximal colon were resected. An end-to-end, ileocolic anastomosis was performed and subsequently exteriorized into the subcutaneous space via a paramedian incision through the abdominal wall. The anastomosis was inspected daily for 4 days before it was returned to the abdomen and the subcutaneous defect was closed. Serial cytology of the peritoneal fluid, which was performed during this 4-day postoperative period, confirmed progressive resolution of peritonitis. The dog was discharged from the hospital 2 days following return of the anastomosis into the abdomen. Externalized intestinal anastomosis is used with good success in human medicine for repair of colonic injuries. In this case, externalization of the anastomosis permitted healing of the intestinal anastomosis in an environment isolated from the detrimental effects created by septic peritonitis. In addition, direct visualization of the anastomosis allowed assessment of healing. To our knowledge, this procedure has not been previously reported in companion animals.

scholarly journals Effects of goats' or cows' milks on nutritive utilization of calcium and phosphorus in rats with intestinal resection

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita S. Campos ◽  
Inmaculada López-Aliaga ◽  
María J. M. Alférez ◽  
Teresa Nestares ◽  
Mercedes Barrionuevo
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Milk Diet ◽  
Distal Small Intestine ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Apparent Digestibility Coefficient ◽  
P Content ◽  
P Retention

We analysed the effects of goats' milk (GM) on the nutritive utilization of Ca and P in rats with resection of 50% distal small intestine in comparison with cows' milk (CM) and a standard non-milk diet. The three test diets contained 200 g protein and 100 g fat/kg. The apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of Ca and P were considerably higher in the two groups of rats given the GM diet than those given the other two diets. Ca and P retention did not decrease by effect of intestinal resection with GM diet. In both groups of animals, serum Ca and P levels and ionic Ca were higher in the case of the GM diet than the other two diets, whereas the parathyroid hormone levels were lower. Ca content in femur, sternum and longissimus dorsi muscle was higher in rats given the GM diet. P content in femur and sternum was higher among the two groups of rats given a milk-based diet (GM or CM), especially with GM diet. The GM diet has beneficial effects on nutritive utilization of Ca and P in control rats and those with resection of the distal small intestine.

Septicemia and Infection due to ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae Following Feline Renal Allograft Transplantation

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Phillips ◽  
Lindsay L. Occhipinti ◽  
Lillian R. Aronson
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Septic Peritonitis ◽  
Mesenteric Mass ◽  
Resected Tissue ◽  
Chronic Interstitial Nephritis ◽  
Resection And Anastomosis

A 12 yr old castrated male domestic longhair underwent renal transplantation for treatment of chronic interstitial nephritis. Full-thickness intestinal biopsies obtained prior to transplantation revealed mild enteritis. Twelve months following transplantation, the patient underwent surgery for resection of a mesenteric mass causing septic peritonitis. The mesenteric mass was resected and an intestinal resection and anastomosis was performed. Extended–spectrum-β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was cultured from the resected tissue and urinary tract. Bacterial rods were noted to be circulating in the bloodstream, causing septicemia. Despite aggressive treatment of the septic peritonitis and septicemia using surgical debridement, drain placement, aggressive antibiotic therapy with IV meropenem, and vasopressor support, the patient succumbed to persistent hypotension and suffered cardiopulmonary arrest. Extended–spectrum-β-lactamase-producing bacteria are of growing concern in human and veterinary medicine, maintaining susceptibility often only to carbapenem and aminoglycoside antibiotics. Resistance to even those antibiotics is emerging. Veterinary patients with a history of antibiotic therapy, central venous or urinary catheterization, immunosuppression, enteric surgery, and an extended stay in the intensive care unit may be predisposed.

Darwin's two competing phylogenetic trees: marsupials as ancestors or sister taxa?

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Charles Lyell ◽  
Single Origin ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Richard Owen ◽  
First Time

Studies of the origin and diversification of major groups of plants and animals are contentious topics in current evolutionary biology. This includes the study of the timing and relationships of the two major clades of extant mammals – marsupials and placentals. Molecular studies concerned with marsupial and placental origin and diversification can be at odds with the fossil record. Such studies are, however, not a recent phenomenon. Over 150 years ago Charles Darwin weighed two alternative views on the origin of marsupials and placentals. Less than a year after the publication of On the origin of species, Darwin outlined these in a letter to Charles Lyell dated 23 September 1860. The letter concluded with two competing phylogenetic diagrams. One showed marsupials as ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals, whereas the other showed a non-marsupial, non-placental as being ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals. These two diagrams are published here for the first time. These are the only such competing phylogenetic diagrams that Darwin is known to have produced. In addition to examining the question of mammalian origins in this letter and in other manuscript notes discussed here, Darwin confronted the broader issue as to whether major groups of animals had a single origin (monophyly) or were the result of “continuous creation” as advocated for some groups by Richard Owen. Charles Lyell had held similar views to those of Owen, but it is clear from correspondence with Darwin that he was beginning to accept the idea of monophyly of major groups.

Sphagnum mosses (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta) of mires Chefandzar and Masota in North Ossetia (Caucasus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
I. A. Nikolajev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia

Sphagnum mires on the Greater Caucasus are rare, characterized by the presence of relict plant communities of glacial age and are in a stage of degradation. The study of Sphagnum of Chefandzar and Masota mires is carried out for the first time. Seven species of Sphagnum are recorded. Their distribution and frequency within the North Caucasus are analyzed. Sphagnum contortum, S. platyphyllum, S. russowii, S. squarrosum are recorded for the first time for the study area and for the flora of North Ossetia. The other mosses found in the study area are listed.

An Epistemological Criticism of Social Entrepreneurship: Is Social Entrepreneurship a Sound Scientific Field of Research

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Forouharfar
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Constructivism ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
American English ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Knowledge Structure ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Time

The paper was shaped around the pivotal question: Is SE a sound and scientific field of research? The question has given a critical tone to the paper and has also helped to bring out some of the controversial debates in the realm of SE. The paper was organized under five main discussions to be able to provide a scientific answer to the research question: (1)<b> </b>is “social entrepreneurship” an oxymoron?, (2) the characteristics of SE knowledge, (3) sources of social entrepreneurship knowledge, (4) SE knowledge: structure and limitations and (5) contributing epistemology-making concepts for SE.<b> </b>Based on the sections,<b> </b>the study relied on the relevant philosophical schools of thought in <i>Epistemology </i>(e.g. <i>Empiricism</i>, <i>Rationalism</i>, <i>Skepticism</i>, <i>Internalism</i> vs. <i>Externalism</i>,<i> Essentialism, Social Constructivism</i>, <i>Social Epistemology, etc.</i>) to discuss these controversies around SE and proposes some solutions by reviewing SE literature. Also, to determine the governing linguistic discourse in the realm of SE, which was necessary for our discussion,<i> Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA)</i> for the first time in SE studies was used. Further, through the study, SE buzzwords which constitute SE terminology were derived and introduced to help us narrowing down and converging the thoughts in this field and demarking the epistemological boundaries of SE. The originality of the paper on one hand lies in its pioneering discussions on SE epistemology and on the other hand in paving the way for a construction of sound epistemology for SE; therefore in many cases after preparing the philosophical ground for the discussions, it went beyond the prevalent SE literature through meta-analysis to discuss the cases which were raised. The results of the study verified previously claimed embryonic pre-paradigmatic phase in SE which was far from a sound and scientific knowledge, although the scholarly endeavors are the harbingers of such a possibility in the future which calls for further mature academic discussion and development of SE knowledge by the SE academia.

A Nabatean port on the Red Sea: note on the pottery finds from al-Qusayr (al-Wajh, Saudi Arabia)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Durand
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Roman Egypt ◽  
Pottery Sherds ◽  
First Time

Al-Qusayr is located 40 km south of modern al-Wajh, roughly 7 km from the eastern Red Sea shore. This site is known since the mid-19th century, when the explorer R. Burton described it for the first time, in particular the remains of a monumental building so-called al-Qasr. In March 2016, a new survey of the site was undertaken by the al-‘Ula–al-Wajh Survey Project. This survey focused not only on al-Qasr but also on the surrounding site corresponding to the ancient settlement. A surface collection of pottery sherds revealed a striking combination of Mediterranean and Egyptian imports on one hand, and of Nabataean productions on the other hand. This material is particularly homogeneous on the chronological point of view, suggesting a rather limited occupation period for the site. Attesting contacts between Mediterranean merchants, Roman Egypt and the Nabataean kingdom, these new data allow a complete reassessment of the importance of this locality in the Red Sea trade routes during antiquity.

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