scholarly journals Concussion Education in Children and Youth: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 237796082093849
Author(s):  
Scott Ramsay ◽  
Susan Dahinten
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Current State ◽  
Sustained Effects ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Significant Health ◽  
Concussion Education

Introduction Sports-related concussions in children and youth are a significant health concern. There is increasing literature pertaining to levels of knowledge about concussion and the effects of educational interventions, but the literature has not yet been synthesized for the subpopulation of children and youth. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to identify and summarize the current state of the literature on concussion knowledge, and the effect of concussion education on the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of children and youth who engage in sports. Methods A scoping review was conducted, guided by Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Two databases, MEDLINE and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and reference lists were searched to identify relevant studies that focused on children and youth less than 19 years of age who engage in sports. We also searched Google Scholar for gray literature. Results Of the 21 articles that met inclusion criteria, 15 focused on levels of concussion knowledge, and 6 examined the effects of educational interventions. Children and youths’ level of knowledge and exposure to prior concussion education varied, although more of the studies found a lack of concussion knowledge. Educational interventions of various types have been associated with short-term increases in knowledge and intention to report, but few of the studies found sustained effects. Conclusions Findings highlight the need for improved concussion education for children and youth engaged in sports. Findings also indicate a need for further research using more rigorous methods, and studies that examine subgroup differences in knowledge and factors that may moderate the effects of educational interventions.

scholarly journals Physical-mental multimorbidity in children and youth: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e043124
Author(s):  
Isabella Romano ◽  
Claire Buchan ◽  
Leonardo Baiocco-Romano ◽  
Mark A Ferro
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Attention Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current State ◽  
Asthma And Allergy ◽  
State Of Research

ObjectiveEfforts to describe the current state of research are needed to advance the field of physical-mental multimorbidity (ie, the co-occurrence of at least one physical illness and at least one mental disorder) among children and youth. Our objective was to systematically explore the breadth of physical-mental multimorbidity research in children and youth and to provide an overview of existing literature topics.DesignScoping review.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of four key databases: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Scopus as well as a thorough scan of relevant grey literature. We included studies of any research design, published in English, referring to physical-mental multimorbidity among children and youth aged ≤18 years. Studies were screened for eligibility and data were extracted, charted and summarised narratively by research focus. Critical appraisal was employed using the modified Quality Index (QI).ResultsWe included 431 studies and 2 sources of grey literature. Existing research emphasises the co-occurrence of anxiety, mood and attention disorders among children with epilepsy, asthma and allergy. Evidence consists of mostly small, observational studies that use cross-sectional data. The average QI score across applicable studies was 9.1 (SD=1.8).ConclusionsThere is a pressing need for more robust research within the field of child physical-mental multimorbidity.

scholarly journals Sports-related concussion knowledge and attitudes of intramural and club sport athletes

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (23 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S6.3-S7
Author(s):  
Devon Freudenberger ◽  
Victoria Lucia
Keyword(s):  
Education Program ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Club Sports ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude ◽  
Club Sport ◽  
Concussion Education

IntroductionSports-related concussions have attracted greater public health concern as their incidence rises, leading to changes in concussion education and laws protecting athletes. Currently the intramural and club sport programs at Oakland University (OU) (Rochester, Michigan) do not have a concussion education program for its athletes. Therefore, determining the knowledge and attitudes these athletes have towards concussions is essential in determining whether a program is needed. We hypothesized that due to the lack of a concussion education program, athletes at OU do not possess adequate knowledge and harbor unhealthy attitudes towards concussions.MethodsA validated, and reliable concussion knowledge and attitudes survey was identified, modified, and distributed to athletes participating in intramural and club sports at OU's Recreation Center. The responses were scored generating concussion knowledge and attitude scores. Data was analyzed using t-tests to evaluate significant differences between different groups.ResultsOne hundred eight-two of 200 respondents had complete survey data, of which 53.6% were female and 46.4% male; 59.9% participated in intramural sports only, 26.4% in club sports only, and 13.7% in both. The mean overall knowledge and attitude scores were 80.6% and 74.8%, respectively. These scores did not vary by sport participation (p = 0.685; p = 0.51). Female athletes had significantly higher knowledge than male athletes (p = 0.011). Athletes majoring in health science fields had significantly higher knowledge than athletes in non-health science majors (p = 0.006), but similar attitudes (p = 0.697).ConclusionsWhile the results indicate that OU athletes possess some knowledge and generally healthy attitudes, there is room for improvement that could be met with a single concussion education program for both intramural and club sport athletes. Despite having significantly higher knowledge, health science athletes did not display healthier attitudes than non-health science athletes, suggesting that knowledge does not always confer healthier attitudes. Therefore, a concussion education program should emphasize improving athlete concussion attitudes.

A Scoping Review of Interventions Aimed at Improving Knowledge, Detection Practices and Management of Dementia among Health Professionals (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Krishna Prasad Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Improving Health Care

BACKGROUND Health professionals (HPs) play a key role in dementia management and detection. However, there is a gap in the literature as to what represents best practice with regard to educating HPs to improve their dementia detection practices and management. OBJECTIVE The objective of this scoping review is to synthesize the aggregated studies aimed at improving health care knowledge, detection practices and management of dementia among HPs. METHODS We searched electronically published relevant articles with inclusion criteria; (1) intervention studies aimed at improving HPs practices concerning dementia care and (2) educational interventions focused on nurses and doctors’ knowledge, detection practice and management of dementia. Twenty-five articles fit the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Collaborative programs of practice based workshops, interactive learning activities with community and multi-faced educational program were the most effective. CONCLUSIONS HPs should be supported to improve their knowledge, tackle behavioural problems associated with dementia, be made aware of services and be enabled to engage in more early diagnosis. CLINICALTRIAL no applicable

scholarly journals Identifying Environmental Determinants Relevant to Health and Wellbeing in Remote Australian Indigenous Communities: A Scoping Review of Grey Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4167
Author(s):  
Amal Chakraborty ◽  
Mark Daniel ◽  
Natasha J. Howard ◽  
Alwin Chong ◽  
Nicola Slavin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Environmental Determinants ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

The high prevalence of preventable infectious and chronic diseases in Australian Indigenous populations is a major public health concern. Existing research has rarely examined the role of built and socio-political environmental factors relating to remote Indigenous health and wellbeing. This research identified built and socio-political environmental indicators from publicly available grey literature documents locally-relevant to remote Indigenous communities in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia. Existing planning documents with evidence of community input were used to reduce the response burden on Indigenous communities. A scoping review of community-focused planning documents resulted in the identification of 1120 built and 2215 socio-political environmental indicators. Indicators were systematically classified using an Indigenous indicator classification system (IICS). Applying the IICS yielded indicators prominently featuring the “community infrastructure” domain within the built environment, and the “community capacity” domain within the socio-political environment. This research demonstrates the utility of utilizing existing planning documents and a culturally appropriate systematic classification system to consolidate environmental determinants that influence health and disease occurrence. The findings also support understanding of which features of community-level built and socio-political environments amenable to public health and social policy actions might be targeted to help reduce the prevalence of infectious and chronic diseases in Indigenous communities.

scholarly journals Brain smart – Let's play safely: Evaluation of a concussion education program in schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 205970022110244
Author(s):  
Katie Alison Falla ◽  
Sarah Randall ◽  
Carol DeMatteo
Keyword(s):  
School Board ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Concussion Management ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Post Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Concussion Knowledge ◽  
Concussion Education

Objectives There are two objectives for this paper. First, to determine effects of a concussion education program in a local school board in terms of concussion-specific knowledge in children and confidence in identifying and managing concussion in adults. Second, to identify differences and similarities in concussion knowledge between children who participate in sports and those who do not and between children with a history of one or more concussions and those without. Design A cross sectional survey regarding concussion knowledge was distributed randomly to students and adults at both pre- and posteducation timepoints. A concussion education program was disseminated across the school board for students between the distribution survey timepoints. Following the education program, adults and students completed their respective post-test surveys. Chi-squared tests in SPSS determined the significance of between-group differences. Results All 17 adults (100.0%) who had received concussion education recently reported confidence in their knowledge of concussion management, compared to 35.7% adults who had not received education for over a year (p = 0.020). For students, all of whom completed the concussion education training between the pre- and post-tests, there were no significant differences in concussion knowledge scores between athletes and non-athletes (either in or outside of school) or between those with a history of concussion and those without. There were no significant changes in concussion knowledge between the pre- and post-tests, except for one question. Conclusion Concussion education programs increase confidence of concussion management protocols in adults involved in sport, but they require improvements to better support knowledge amelioration, particularly for target groups that are at high risk of sustaining another injury.

scholarly journals Depression following traumatic brain injury: a comprehensive overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Fakhoury ◽  
Zaynab Shakkour ◽  
Firas Kobeissy ◽  
Nada Lawand
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
First Year ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Current State ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Brain Changes

Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) represents a major health concern affecting the neuropsychological health; TBI is accompanied by drastic long-term adverse complications that can influence many aspects of the life of affected individuals. A substantial number of studies have shown that mood disorders, particularly depression, are the most frequent complications encountered in individuals with TBI. Post-traumatic depression (P-TD) is present in approximately 30% of individuals with TBI, with the majority of individuals experiencing symptoms of depression during the first year following head injury. To date, the mechanisms of P-TD are far from being fully understood, and effective treatments that completely halt this condition are still lacking. The aim of this review is to outline the current state of knowledge on the prevalence and risk factors of P-TD, to discuss the accompanying brain changes at the anatomical, molecular and functional levels, and to discuss current approaches used for the treatment of P-TD.

A Scoping Review of Resilience in Survivors of Human Trafficking

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802098556
Author(s):  
Logan Knight ◽  
Yitong Xin ◽  
Cecilia Mengo
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
National Origin ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Current State ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Sexual Trafficking

Resilience is critical among survivors of trafficking as they are mostly vulnerable populations who face multiple adversities before, during, and after trafficking. However, resilience in survivors of trafficking is understudied. This scoping review aims to clarify the current state of knowledge, focusing on definitions of resilience, how resilience has been studied, and factors associated with resilience among survivors. Five databases were searched using key words related to trafficking and resilience. Studies were included if they were published in English between 2000 and 2019 and focused on resilience with the study design including at least one of these four features: (a) use of standardized measures of resilience, (b) qualitative descriptions of resilience, (c) participants were survivors or professionals serving survivors, and (d) data sources such as case files or program manuals directly pertained to survivors. Eighteen studies were identified. Findings indicated that resilience was primarily described as emergent from interactions between the survivor and the environment. Resilience in trafficking appeared largely similar to resilience in other kinds of victimization. Nonetheless, trafficking survivors also may display resilience in alternative ways such as refusing treatment. Positive interpersonal relationships were the most commonly mentioned resilience factor. In addition, current research lacks studies featuring longitudinal designs, interventions, participatory methods, types of trafficking other than sexual trafficking, and demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and national origin. Future research needs to establish definitions and measures of resilience that are culturally and contextually relevant to survivors and build knowledge necessary for designing and evaluating resilience-enhancing interventions.

scholarly journals Microbial Associations with Pancreatic Cancer: A New Frontier in Biomarkers

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3784
Author(s):  
Mark Stasiewicz ◽  
Marek Kwaśniewski ◽  
Tomasz M. Karpiński
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Current State ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Microbial Biomarkers ◽  
New Frontier ◽  
Microbial Associations ◽  
Fungal Genus

Pancreatic cancer (PC) remains a global health concern with high mortality and is expected to increase as a proportion of overall cancer cases in the coming years. Most patients are diagnosed at a late stage of disease progression, which contributes to the extremely low 5-year survival rates. Presently, screening for PC remains costly and time consuming, precluding the use of widespread testing. Biomarkers have been explored as an option by which to ameliorate this situation. The authors conducted a search of available literature on PubMed to present the current state of understanding as it pertains to the use of microbial biomarkers and their associations with PC. Carriage of certain bacteria in the oral cavity (e.g., Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Streptococcus sp.), gut (e.g., Helicobacter pylori, Synergistetes, Proteobacteria), and pancreas (e.g., Fusobacterium sp., Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae) has been associated with an increased risk of developing PC. Additionally, the fungal genus Malassezia has likewise been associated with PC development. This review further outlines potential oncogenic mechanisms involved in the microbial-associated development of PC.

scholarly journals Impacts of Participation in Community-Based Physical Activity Programs on Cognitive Functions of Children and Youth with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Mojgan Gitimoghaddam ◽  
Leigh M. Vanderloo ◽  
Rebecca Hung ◽  
Andrea Ryce ◽  
William McKellin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Research Questions

This review paper aimed to undertake an extensive exploration of the extent, range, and nature of research activities regarding the effect and emerging evidence in the field of physical activity interventions on cognitive development among children and youth (0–17.99 years) with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), and to help identify key gaps in research and determine precise research questions for future investigations. To carry out this scoping review, five electronic databases were searched. A total of 12,097 articles were retrieved via search efforts with an additional 93 articles identified from the identified review papers. Sixty articles were eligible for inclusion. The results of this scoping review revealed many positive key cognitive outcomes related to physical activity including, but not limited to: focus, attention, self-control, cognitive process, and alertness. No studies reported a negative association between physical activity and cognitive outcomes. Based on the findings from this scoping review, physical activity appears to have a favorable impact on the cognitive outcomes of children and youth with NDD.

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