scholarly journals Evaluation of contact heat thermal threshold testing for standardized assessment of cutaneous nociception in horses - comparison of different locations and environmental conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Poller ◽  
Klaus Hopster ◽  
Karl Rohn ◽  
Sabine BR Kästner
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Standardized Assessment ◽  
Contact Heat ◽  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing

scholarly journals Contact heat thermal threshold testing in beagle dogs: baseline reproducibility and the effect of acepromazine, levomethadone and fenpipramide

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Verena Hoffmann ◽  
Sabine Beate Rita Kästner ◽  
Manfred Kietzmann ◽  
Sabine Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Contact Heat ◽  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing

scholarly journals Remote Controlled Nociceptive Threshold Testing Systems in Large Animals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Mechanical Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Red Radiation ◽  
Preset Temperature

Nociceptive threshold (NT) testing is widely used for the study of pain and its alleviation. The end point is a normal behavioural response which may be affected by restraint or unfamiliar surroundings leading to erroneous data. Remotely controlled thermal and mechanical NT testing systems were developed to allow free movement during testing and were evaluated in cats, dogs, sheep, horses and camels. Thermal threshold (TT) testing incorporated a heater and temperature sensor held against the animal’s shaved skin. Mechanical threshold (MT) testing incorporated a pneumatic actuator attached to a limb containing a 1 - 2mm radiused pin pushed against the skin. Both stimuli were driven from battery powered control units attached on the animal’s back, controlled remotely via infra-red radiation from a hand held component. Threshold reading was held automatically and displayed digitally on the unit. The system was failsafe with a safety cutout at a preset temperature or force as appropriate. The animals accepted the equipment and behaved normally in their home environment enabling recording of reproducible TT (38.5 – 49.8°C) and MT (2.7 – 10.1N); precise values depended on species, the individual and the stimulus characteristics. Remote controlled NT threshold testing appears to be a viable refinement for pain research.

Thermal Threshold Testing for the Assessment of Small Fibre Dysfunction: Normal Values and Reproducibility

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 546-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bravenboer ◽  
P.S. Dam ◽  
J. Hop ◽  
J. Steenhoven ◽  
D.W. Erkelens
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Small Fibre ◽  
Threshold Testing

scholarly journals Nociceptive thermal threshold testing in horses – effect of neuroleptic sedation and neuroleptanalgesia at different stimulation sites

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Poller ◽  
Klaus Hopster ◽  
Karl Rohn ◽  
Sabine BR Kästner
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing

Thermal threshold testing in multiple sclerosis

1997 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. P65
Author(s):  
N.M.F. Murray ◽  
M.A. Ozkor ◽  
S.J.M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing

scholarly journals Remote Controlled Nociceptive Threshold Testing Systems in Large Animals

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Polly Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Nociceptive Threshold ◽  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Control Units ◽  
Mechanical Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Large Animals ◽  
Red Radiation ◽  
Preset Temperature

Nociceptive threshold (NT) testing is widely used for the study of pain and its alleviation. The end point is a normal behavioural response, which may be affected by restraint or unfamiliar surroundings, leading to erroneous data. Remotely controlled thermal and mechanical NT testing systems were developed to allow free movement during testing and were evaluated in cats, dogs, sheep, horses and camels. Thermal threshold (TT) testing incorporated a heater and temperature sensor held against the animal’s shaved skin. Mechanical threshold (MT) testing incorporated a pneumatic actuator attached to a limb containing a 1–2 mm radiused pin pushed against the skin. Both stimuli were driven from battery powered control units attached on the animal’s back, controlled remotely via infra-red radiation from a handheld component. Threshold reading was held automatically and displayed digitally on the unit. The system was failsafe with a safety cut-out at a preset temperature or force as appropriate. The animals accepted the equipment and behaved normally in their home environment, enabling recording of reproducible TT (38.5–49.8 °C) and MT (2.7–10.1 N); precise values depended on the species, the individual and the stimulus characteristics. Remote controlled NT threshold testing appears to be a viable refinement for pain research.

A thermal threshold testing device for evaluation of analgesics in cats

2002 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Dixon ◽  
S.A. Robertson ◽  
P.M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Testing Device ◽  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Threshold Testing

Components of variance for vibratory and thermal threshold testing in normal and diabetic subjects

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Gelber ◽  
Michael A. Pfeifer ◽  
Vasti L. Broadstone ◽  
Edward W. Munster ◽  
Michael Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Threshold ◽  
Components Of Variance ◽  
Threshold Testing

Vibration Isolator System for Electron Microscope

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-183
Author(s):  
K. Ohi ◽  
M. Mizuno ◽  
T. Kasai ◽  
Y. Ohkura ◽  
K. Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Vibration Isolator ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Electron Microscopes

In recent years, with electron microscopes coming into wider use, their installation environments do not necessarily give their performance full play. Their environmental conditions include air-conditioners, magnetic fields, and vibrations. We report a jointly developed entirely new vibration isolator which is effective against the vibrations transmitted from the floor.Conventionally, large-sized vibration isolators which need the digging of a pit have been used. These vibration isolators, however, are large present problems of installation and maintenance because of their large-size.Thus, we intended to make a vibration isolator which1) eliminates the need for changing the installation room2) eliminates the need of maintenance and3) are compact in size and easily installable.

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