Effects of dietary protein distribution and resistance exercise training on muscle health in older adults

Abstract Background and Objectives The ProMuscle in Practice intervention combines resistance exercise training and dietary protein intake for community-dwelling older adults, implemented by health care professionals (HCPs). This study aimed to evaluate implementation and context of this intervention in Dutch health care practice. Research Design and Methods We conducted a randomized controlled multicenter intervention study in 5 Dutch municipalities. Eighty-two older adults received the 12-week intensive support intervention (resistance exercise training and individual dietary counseling) and the optional 12-week moderate support intervention (resistance exercise training and a nutrition course). Mixed method data were collected from both participants and HCPs (n = 37) on process indicators recruitment, dose received, acceptability, fidelity, applicability, and context. Results Overall, the intervention was feasible to implement and accepted by participants and HCPs. About two thirds of participants continued with the moderate support intervention after the first 12 weeks. The mean dose received for the training sessions was 83.6% in the intensive intervention, 63.6% in the moderate intervention, >90% for individual dietitian consultations, and 76.8% for the nutrition course. The intensive support intervention was implemented with high fidelity, whereas for the moderate support intervention resistance exercise trainings varied in implementation between exercise providers. Discussion and Implications A combined resistance exercise training and dietary protein intervention for community-dwelling older adults can be successfully implemented in practice. Well-tailored interventions, intensive supervision by skilled HCPs, social aspects, fidelity, and fit within real-world settings appeared essential for successful implementation. These elements are important for continuous intervention optimization to accomplish broader and successful implementation.

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Type 2 Diabetes Reduces the Muscle Anabolic Effect of Resistance Exercise Training in Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1706 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 529-529

Author(s):

Amanda Randolph ◽

Tatiana Moro ◽

Adetutu Odejimi ◽

Blake Rasmussen ◽

Elena Volpi

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Synthesis Rate ◽

Resistance Exercise Training ◽

Appendicular Lean Mass

Abstract Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) accelerates the incidence and increases the prevalence of sarcopenia in older adults. This suggests an urgent need for identifying effective sarcopenia treatments for older adults with T2DM. It is unknown whether traditional approaches, such as progressive resistance exercise training (PRET), can effectively counteract sarcopenia in older patients with T2DM. To test the efficacy of PRET for the treatment of sarcopenia in older adults with T2DM, 30 subjects (15 T2DM and 15 age- and sex- matched controls) underwent metabolic testing with muscle biopsies before and after a 13-week full-body PRET program. Primary outcome measures included changes in appendicular lean mass, muscle strength, and mixed muscle fractional synthesis rate (FSR). Before PRET, BMI-adjusted appendicular lean mass was significantly lower in the T2DM group (0.7095±0.0381 versus 0.8151±0.0439, p<0.0001). As a result of PRET, appendicular lean mass adjusted for BMI and muscle strength increased significantly in both groups, but to a lesser extent for the T2DM group (p=0.0009) . Preliminary results for FSR (n=25) indicate that subjects with T2DM had lower basal FSR prior to PRET (p=0.0197) . Basal FSR increased significantly in the control group after PRET (p=0.0196), while it did not change in the T2DM group (p=0.3537). These results suggest that in older adults the positive effect of PRET on muscle anabolism and strength is reduced by T2DM . Thus, older adults with T2DM may require more intensive, multimodal and targeted sarcopenia treatment. Funded by NIH R01AG049611 and P30AG024832.

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Heterogeneity of the strength response to progressive resistance exercise training in older adults: Contributions of muscle contractility

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2021.111437 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111437

Author(s):

Leatha A. Clark ◽

David W. Russ ◽

Dallin Tavoian ◽

W. David Arnold ◽

Timothy D. Law ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Muscle Contractility ◽

Resistance Exercise Training ◽

Progressive Resistance Exercise ◽

Progressive Resistance

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Vitamin D status and resistance exercise training independently affect glucose tolerance in older adults

Nutrition Research ◽

10.1016/j.nutres.2013.03.005 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (5) ◽

pp. 349-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vanessa M. Kobza ◽

James C. Fleet ◽

Jing Zhou ◽

Travis B. Conley ◽

Munro Peacock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Resistance Exercise Training

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Randomized, four-arm, dose-response clinical trial to optimize resistance exercise training for older adults with age-related muscle atrophy

Experimental Gerontology ◽

10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.018 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 99 ◽

pp. 98-109 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Michael J. Stec ◽

Anna Thalacker-Mercer ◽

David L. Mayhew ◽

Neil A. Kelly ◽

S. Craig Tuggle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Clinical Trial ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Muscle Atrophy ◽

Dose Response ◽

Resistance Exercise Training ◽

Age Related

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EFFECTS OF RESISTANCE EXERCISE TRAINING ON ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND MUSCLE PERFUSION IN OLDER ADULTS WITH DIABETES

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.3454 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S951-S952

Author(s):

Amanda Randolph ◽

Tatiana Moro ◽

Adetutu Odejimi ◽

Blake Rasmussen ◽

Elena Volpi

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Endothelial Function ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Flow Mediated Dilation ◽

Resistance Exercise Training ◽

Direct Role ◽

Modest Improvement ◽

Muscle Perfusion

Abstract BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia contributes to frailty, disability, and dependence in older adults, and is accelerated by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). In addition to its direct role in increasing muscle mass, progressive resistance exercise training (PRET) may also reduce sarcopenia by improving endothelial function and muscle perfusion. METHODS: Fifteen older adults with uncomplicated and well-controlled T2DM participated in a PRET program 3 times weekly for 3 months. Prior to and immediately following the intervention, flow-mediated dilation testing was performed to assess large vessel endothelial function via ultrasound and muscle perfusion via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). RESULTS: Preliminary ultrasound data from 9 subjects show a significant increase (5.21% to 8.73%, p=0.0448) in percent flow mediated dilation (%FMD), suggesting a modest improvement in endothelial function after 3 months’ PRET. Preliminary NIRS data from 7 subjects showed no significant changes in oxygen saturation or reperfusion rates as a result of the intervention. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary data indicate that, in older adults with T2DM, 3 months’ PRET is associated with modestly improved endothelial function in large vessels (as demonstrated by a significant increase in %FMD), but does not appear to be associated with improvements in muscle perfusion

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