scholarly journals Transcriptional landscape of the embryonic chicken Müllerian duct

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahida Yesmin Roly ◽  
Rasoul Godini ◽  
Martin A. Estermann ◽  
Andrew T. Major ◽  
Roger Pocock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
Female Reproduction ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Mullerian Ducts ◽  
Duct Development ◽  
Transcriptional Landscape

Abstract Background Müllerian ducts are paired embryonic tubes that give rise to the female reproductive tract in vertebrates. Many disorders of female reproduction can be attributed to anomalies of Müllerian duct development. However, the molecular genetics of Müllerian duct formation is poorly understood and most disorders of duct development have unknown etiology. In this study, we describe for the first time the transcriptional landscape of the embryonic Müllerian duct, using the chicken embryo as a model system. RNA sequencing was conducted at 1 day intervals during duct formation to identify developmentally-regulated genes, validated by in situ hybridization. Results This analysis detected hundreds of genes specifically up-regulated during duct morphogenesis. Gene ontology and pathway analysis revealed enrichment for developmental pathways associated with cell adhesion, cell migration and proliferation, ERK and WNT signaling, and, interestingly, axonal guidance. The latter included factors linked to neuronal cell migration or axonal outgrowth, such as Ephrin B2, netrin receptor, SLIT1 and class A semaphorins. A number of transcriptional modules were identified that centred around key hub genes specifying matrix-associated signaling factors; SPOCK1, HTRA3 and ADGRD1. Several novel regulators of the WNT and TFG-β signaling pathway were identified in Müllerian ducts, including APCDD1 and DKK1, BMP3 and TGFBI. A number of novel transcription factors were also identified, including OSR1, FOXE1, PRICKLE1, TSHZ3 and SMARCA2. In addition, over 100 long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were expressed during duct formation. Conclusions This study provides a rich resource of new candidate genes for Müllerian duct development and its disorders. It also sheds light on the molecular pathways engaged during tubulogenesis, a fundamental process in embryonic development.

scholarly journals Adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor, GPR56, is required for Müllerian duct development in the chick

2020 ◽  
Vol 244 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahida Yesmin Roly ◽  
Andrew T Major ◽  
Alex Fulcher ◽  
Martin A Estermann ◽  
Claire E Hirst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
G Protein ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽  
Endocrine Control ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Collagen Iii ◽  
Mullerian Ducts ◽  
Duct Development ◽  
G Protein Coupled

The embryonic Müllerian ducts give rise to the female reproductive tract (fallopian tubes, uterus and upper vagina in humans, the oviducts in birds). Embryonic Müllerian ducts initially develop in both sexes, but later regress in males under the influence of anti-Müllerian hormone. While the molecular and endocrine control of duct regression in males have been well studied, early development of the ducts in both sexes is less well understood. Here, we describe a novel role for the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor, GPR56, in development of the Müllerian ducts in the chicken embryo. GPR56 is expressed in the ducts of both sexes from early stages. The mRNA is present during the elongation phase of duct formation, and it is restricted to the inner Müllerian duct epithelium. The putative ligand, Collagen III, is abundantly expressed in the Müllerian duct at the same developmental stages. Knockdown of GPR56 expression using in ovo electroporation results in variably truncated ducts, with a loss of expression of both epithelial and mesenchymal markers of duct development. Over-expression of GPR56 in vitro results in enhanced cell proliferation and cell migration. These results show that GPR56 plays an essential role in avian Müllerian duct development through the regulation of duct elongation.

scholarly journals Mechanistic Drivers of Müllerian Duct Development and Differentiation Into the Oviduct

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Santana Gonzalez ◽  
Ioanna A. Rota ◽  
Mara Artibani ◽  
Matteo Morotti ◽  
Zhiyuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Mullerian Ducts ◽  
Duct Development

The conduits of life; the animal oviducts and human fallopian tubes are of paramount importance for reproduction in amniotes. They connect the ovary with the uterus and are essential for fertility. They provide the appropriate environment for gamete maintenance, fertilization and preimplantation embryonic development. However, serious pathologies, such as ectopic pregnancy, malignancy and severe infections, occur in the oviducts. They can have drastic effects on fertility, and some are life-threatening. Despite the crucial importance of the oviducts in life, relatively little is known about the molecular drivers underpinning the embryonic development of their precursor structures, the Müllerian ducts, and their successive differentiation and maturation. The Müllerian ducts are simple rudimentary tubes comprised of an epithelial lumen surrounded by a mesenchymal layer. They differentiate into most of the adult female reproductive tract (FRT). The earliest sign of Müllerian duct formation is the thickening of the anterior mesonephric coelomic epithelium to form a placode of two distinct progenitor cells. It is proposed that one subset of progenitor cells undergoes partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition (pEMT), differentiating into immature Müllerian luminal cells, and another subset undergoes complete EMT to become Müllerian mesenchymal cells. These cells invaginate and proliferate forming the Müllerian ducts. Subsequently, pEMT would be reversed to generate differentiated epithelial cells lining the fully formed Müllerian lumen. The anterior Müllerian epithelial cells further specialize into the oviduct epithelial subtypes. This review highlights the key established molecular and genetic determinants of the processes involved in Müllerian duct development and the differentiation of its upper segment into oviducts. Furthermore, an extensive genome-wide survey of mouse knockout lines displaying Müllerian or oviduct phenotypes was undertaken. In addition to widely established genetic determinants of Müllerian duct development, our search has identified surprising associations between loss-of-function of several genes and high-penetrance abnormalities in the Müllerian duct and/or oviducts. Remarkably, these associations have not been investigated in any detail. Finally, we discuss future directions for research on Müllerian duct development and oviducts.

scholarly journals Wnt4 coordinates directional cell migration and extension of the Müllerian duct essential for ontogenesis of the female reproductive tract

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1059-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Prunskaite-Hyyryläinen ◽  
Ilya Skovorodkin ◽  
Qi Xu ◽  
Ilkka Miinalainen ◽  
Jingdong Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Directional Cell Migration

scholarly journals Embryological basis of malformed female genital tract and various classifications

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
Richa Niranjan ◽  
A K Singh ◽  
Anjoo Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
Bicornuate Uterus ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Uterine Malformation ◽  
Müllerian Duct Anomalies ◽  
Mullerian Ducts ◽  
Mullerian Duct Anomalies ◽  
Duct Development

AbstractDevelopmental anomalies of the Mullerian duct system represent some of the most fascinating disorders that obstetricians and gynaecologists encounter. The uterus is formed during embryogenesis by the fusion of the two paramesonephric ducts (Mullerian ducts). This process usually fuses the two Mullerian ducts into a single uterine body, but fails to take place in the affected women who maintain their double Mullerian systems. A bicornuate uterus is a type of a uterine malformation where upper part of uterus forms two horns. The fusion process of upper part of Mullerian duct is altered. As a result, cranial part of the uterus becomes bifurcated. As Mullerian duct anomalies are of anatomic interest, this article discusses epidemiology, embryological development, genetics of development and malformation and lastly various classifications based on Mullerian duct development. Pregnancy in bicornuate uterus is usually of high risk with reproductive outcomes like recurrent abortions, preterm delivery or malpresentation. Classifying Mullerian duct anomalies bears merit because it correlates anatomic anomalies with arrests in morphogenesis. Establishing an accurate diagnosis is essential for planning treatment and management strategies.

scholarly journals Gain-of-function β-catenin in the uterine mesenchyme leads to impaired implantation and decidualization

2017 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L Patterson ◽  
Jamieson Pirochta ◽  
Stephanie Y Tufano ◽  
Jose M Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Junctional Complex ◽  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Gain Of Function ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Duct Development

Embryo implantation and endometrial decidualization are critical events that occur during early pregnancy in humans and mice, and perturbation in either can result in infertility. WNT signaling through the canonical β-catenin pathway plays a pivotal role in embryonic Müllerian duct development, postnatal uterine maturation and establishment of pregnancy. Loss of β-catenin in the Müllerian duct mesenchyme (MDM)-derived stroma and myometrium results in impaired decidualization and infertility, whereas gain-of-function (GOF) results in the formation of mesenchymal tumors and sub-fertility attributed to malformed oviducts. We hypothesized that GOF β-catenin further contributes to sub-fertility through improper stromal and epithelial cell signaling during embryo implantation and decidualization. We show that mice with GOF β-catenin in MDM-derived stroma and myometrium have reduced implantation sites after embryo transfer and decreased decidualization. On day 4.5 of pseudopregnancy or in mice treated with progesterone and estrogen to mimic early pregnancy, the estrogen–LIF–ERK and progesterone–IHH pathways remain predominantly intact in GOF β-catenin mice; however, JAK/STAT signaling is altered. pSTAT3 is significantly reduced in GOF β-catenin mice and expression of downstream epithelial junctional complex factors, Ctnna1 and Cldn1, is increased. We also show that purified stromal cells from GOF β-catenin uteri, when removed from epithelial cell influence and provided with the appropriate hormonal stimuli, are able to decidualize in vitro indicating that the cells are intrinsically capable of decidualization. Taken together, these results suggest that dysregulated β-catenin activity in the stroma affects epithelial cell STAT3 signaling and ultimately embryo implantation and stromal decidualization.

Various Müllerian-duct anomalies in Women at Rural Tertiary Care Center of Northern India: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naina Kumar ◽  
Ashu Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
Mullerian Anomalies ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Müllerian Anomalies ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Müllerian Duct Anomalies ◽  
Mullerian Duct Anomalies

Aims: Present study was conducted to know presentations and nature of Müllerian-duct anomalies in rural women. Background: Müllerian anomalies are congenital defects of female reproductive tract resulting from faulty development and fusion of Müllerian ducts. Objectives: To identify common Müllerian anomalies, their presentation, radiological appearances, complications, associated renal anomalies in rural women of Northern India. Methods: Present observational study was conducted on 181 female patients with suspected Müllerian anomalies presenting to the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with various complaints. Data included age, religion, menarche, previous pregnancy if any, duration of infertility, presenting complaints, type of Müllerian anomaly, incidental or symptomatic, diagnostic method, associated anomalies. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22.0 version software. Results: Of 181 patients, 16.5% were adolescents, 83.5% adult women with an overall mean (SD) age of 25.02 (5.96) years. Of these, 170 had true Müllerian-duct anomalies and 11 had defects other than Müllerian anomalies, hence excluded. Total 158(92.9%) patients were symptomatic and 12(7.1%) asymptomatic at presentation. The majority (75.9%) were diagnosed incidentally during their visit to the department for various complaints of which infertility (32.4%) was most common. Septate uterus (29.4%) was most common anomaly diagnosed followed by Müllerian agenesis/hypoplasia (22.9%). Around 11.2% cases had associated renal and collecting system anomalies with unilateral renal agenesis (47.4%) being most common. Conclusion: Hence, Müllerian-duct anomalies have diverse presentations and most of them are diagnosed incidentally. Other: The exact prevalence of Müllerian-duct anomalies may be high, especially in rural India due to lack of knowledge and societal pressures.

scholarly journals Cell migration and activated PI3K/AKT-directed elongation in the developing rat Müllerian duct

2009 ◽  
Vol 325 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiro Fujino ◽  
Nelson A. Arango ◽  
Yong Zhan ◽  
Thomas F. Manganaro ◽  
Xianlin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Developing Rat

MouseDach1 andDach2 are redundantly required for Müllerian duct development

genesis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Davis ◽  
Mark Harding ◽  
Yalda Moayedi ◽  
Graeme Mardon
Keyword(s):  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Duct Development

scholarly journals Studies on sex-organ development. Oestrogenic effect on ornithine decarboxylase activity in the differentiating Müllerian ducts and other organs of the chick embryo

1978 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
C S Teng ◽  
C T Teng
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Ornithine Decarboxylase ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Mullerian Duct ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Müllerian Duct ◽  
Mullerian Ducts ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

The activity of ornithine decarboxylase in the differentiating left and right Müllerian ducts was assayed and compared with that in other embryonic organs, i.e. the liver and the brain throughout the stages of development. In general the enzyme activity was high in the early stages and decreased extensively in the late stages of development. Specifically, in the left and righ Müllerian ducts, the enzyme activity was high from day 8 to day 9 of incubation. In the right duct the enzyme activity started to decline on day 9 and then continuously decreased to an almost undetectable value on day 18 of incubation. In the left duct the enzyme activity also decreased slightly from day 9 to day 12; however, it increased from day 13 to day 15 and finally decreased to a constant value from day 18 until hatching. The alteration in enzyme activity in the Müllerian duct as assayed in vitro during development is not due to the effect of the size of the endogenous ornithine pool. When the enzyme activity was subjected to oestrogen stimulation, an increase of 5–10-fold for the left duct and of 5–3-fold for the right duct was observed during the course of development. No such stimulation was observed with the treatment of progesterone. Testosterone consistently caused a 25–30% inhibition of the enzyme activity in the Müllerian duct. Oestrogen slightly stimulated the enzyme activity in the developing liver but inhibited that of the brain. The concentration of the three polyamines measured in the Müllerian duct corresponds to the activity of the enzyme determined.

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