scholarly journals Cumulative childhood trauma and complex psychiatric symptoms in pregnant women and expecting men

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Garon-Bissonnette ◽  
Marie-Ève Grisé Bolduc ◽  
Roxanne Lemieux ◽  
Nicolas Berthelot
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Simultaneous Presentation ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Problems

Abstract Background Women and men having been exposed to childhood trauma would be at high risk of various mental health symptoms while awaiting a child. This study aimed to evaluate the association between cumulative childhood trauma and the accumulation of symptoms belonging to different psychiatric problems in pregnant women and expecting men. Methods We first examined prevalence rates of childhood trauma across our samples of 2853 pregnant women and 561 expecting men from the community. Second, we evaluated the association between cumulative childhood trauma and symptom complexity (i.e., the simultaneous presentation of symptoms belonging to multiple psychiatric problems) using subsamples of 1779 pregnant women and 118 expecting men. Participants completed self-reported measures of trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) and psychiatric symptoms (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5; Kessler Psychological Distress Scale; State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2; Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale). Results Trauma was more frequent in pregnant women than in expecting men and in participants reporting sociodemographic risk factors than in those not reporting any. A dose-response relationship was observed between the number of different traumas reported by pregnant women and expecting men and the complexity of their psychiatric symptoms, even when controlling for the variance explained by other risk factors. Women having been exposed to cumulative childhood trauma were 4.95 times more at risk of presenting comorbid psychiatric problems during pregnancy than non-exposed women. Conclusions Childhood trauma is frequent in the general population of pregnant women and expecting men and is associated with symptom complexity during the antenatal period. These findings call for delivering and evaluating innovative trauma-informed antenatal programs to support mental health and adaptation to parenthood in adults having been exposed to childhood trauma.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Psychiatric Symptoms among Swiss Elite Athletes during the First Lockdown of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10780
Author(s):  
Stefan Fröhlich ◽  
Christian Imboden ◽  
Samuel Iff ◽  
Jörg Spörri ◽  
Boris B. Quednow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

The COVID-19 pandemic and the associated first lockdown measures may have had a relevant impact on the mental health of competitive athletes. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of various mental health issues in a Swiss elite athletes’ cohort during the first lockdown of the pandemic, and to assess their association with different potential risk factors. Elite athletes from different disciplines were interviewed during the first lockdown in spring 2020 by means of an online questionnaire on symptoms of existing anxieties, depression and sleep disorders, as well as on training circumstances and physical performance before and during the lockdown. Additionally, the economic situation, secondary occupations and current physical health problems were surveyed. A total of 203 (92 female, 111 male) athletes met the inclusion criteria and participated in the survey. Training volume and intensity decreased significantly during lockdown from 3.1 to 2.7 h/day. Financial existential fears increased and were associated with higher training volumes and higher trait anxiety scores. Depressive symptoms and insomnia were present but not exceptionally frequent during the lockdown. Depressive symptoms were associated with higher anxiety scores, higher insomnia severity scores, lower training intensity and worse coping with the measures taken by the authorities against the pandemic. Changes in training and daily habits due to the first lockdown may have affected the mental health of elite athletes. Longitudinal studies should, however, further investigate the long-term effects of the pandemic on mental health.

scholarly journals Domestic violence, food insecurity and mental health of pregnant women in the COVID-19 lockdown in Cape Town, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfa Abrahams ◽  
Sonet Boisits ◽  
Marguerite Schneider ◽  
Martin Prince ◽  
Crick Lund
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Perinatal Women

Abstract Introduction Common mental disorders (CMD) such as depression and anxiety are associated with low household income, food insecurity and intimate partner violence in perinatal women. The national COVID-19 lockdown in South Africa resulted in increased levels of poverty and food insecurity. We aimed to explore the relationship between CMDs, food insecurity and experiences of violence among pregnant women during the COVID-19 lockdown.Methods Perinatal women, attending 14 healthcare facilities in Cape Town, were enrolled in the study during baseline data collection before the COVID-19 lockdown. During the lockdown period, fieldworkers telephonically contacted the perinatal women who were enrolled in the study and had provided contact details. The following data was collected from those who consented to the study: socio-demographic information, mental health assessment, food insecurity status and experiences of abuse. Poisson regression was used to model the associations of a number of risk factors with the occurrence of CMDs.Results Of the 2149 women enrolled in the ASSET study, 885 consented to the telephonic interviews. We found that 12.5% of women had probable CMDs and 43% were severely food insecure. Psychological distress increased significantly during the lockdown period, compared to before the COVID-19 outbreak. The strength of the association between key risk factors measured during the lockdown and psychological distress increased during the COVID-19 lockdown. Using multivariate Poisson regression modelling, we showed that the risk of CMDs was almost three times more likely in women who were severely food insecure or who experienced psychological or sexual abuse. Conclusions This study provides evidence of the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on the mental health status of perinatal women living in low resource settings in Cape Town, and highlights how a crisis such as the COVID-19 lockdown amplifies the psycho-social risk factors associated with CMDs in perinatal women.

scholarly journals Depression and Psychological Trauma: An Overview Integrating Current Research and Specific Evidence of Studies in the Treatment of Depression in Public Mental Health Services in Chile

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Vitriol ◽  
Alfredo Cancino ◽  
Kristina Weil ◽  
Carolina Salgado ◽  
Maria Andrea Asenjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Outpatient Intervention ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Psychosocial Difficulties ◽  
Early Trauma

In the last two decades, different research has demonstrated the high prevalence of childhood trauma, including sexual abuse, among depressive women. These findings are associated with a complex, severe, and chronic psychopathology. This can be explained considering the neurobiological changes secondary to early trauma that can provoke a neuroendocrine failure to compensate in response to challenge. It suggests the existence of a distinguishable clinical-neurobiological subtype of depression as a function of childhood trauma that requires specific treatments. Among women with depression and early trauma receiving treatment in a public mental health service in Chile, it was demonstrated that a brief outpatient intervention (that screened for and focused on childhood trauma and helped patients to understand current psychosocial difficulties as a repetition of past trauma) was effective in reducing psychiatric symptoms and improving interpersonal relationships. However, in this population, this intervention did not prevent posttraumatic stress disorder secondary to the extreme earthquake that occurred in February 2010. Therefore in adults with depression and early trauma, it is necessary to evaluate prolonged multimodal treatments that integrate pharmacotherapy, social support, and interpersonal psychotherapies with trauma focused interventions (specific interventions for specific traumas).

scholarly journals Early traumatic experiences and their relationship with the emergence of depressive symptoms in adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Eglantina Dervishi ◽  
Elisabeta Mujaj ◽  
Silva Ibrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Physical Neglect

The aim of this study was the exploration of early traumatic experiences related to emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional and physical neglect, as well as the connection of the dimensions of these early traumatic experiences with the experiencing of depressive symptoms in adulthood. A sample of 331 University students in Tirana, 60 males (N = 60) or 18.1% and 271 females (N = 271) or 81.9% completed the online Beck Inventory for Depression (BDI), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF). The minimum age of the youth participating in the study was 18 years and the maximum age was 32 years, with an average of 20 years (M = 20.07) and the standard deviation (SD = 1.5). Descriptive, correlational and linear regression analysis were used for data processing through the SPSS 22. The study confirmed the connection between early traumatic experiences and the appearance of depressive symptoms in adulthood (r(329) = .333, p < .001). Among the dimensions of early traumatic experiences, it seems that a stronger connection with the occurrence of depressive symptoms relates to the size of emotional trauma. The size of child sexual trauma is connected to feelings of punishment and suicidal thoughts in adulthood. Early traumatic experiences seem to have a significant impact on how adults express themselves and choose to interact with their environment. Coping with problems of mental health and depression today can be closely related to the early traumatic experiences of juveniles and adults.

scholarly journals Early detection of postpartum depression (PPD) for women suffering high-risk pregnancy: An explorative study on self-perceived burden and other prenatal risk factors of immediate PPD among women hospitalized with threatened preterm labour1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianqian Ni ◽  
GuiZhi Cheng ◽  
An Chen ◽  
Seppo Heinonen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Perceived Burden

Abstract Background: The mental health of pregnant women, particularly those with elevated risks, has been an issue of global concern. Thus far, few studies have addressed mental health of pregnant women with threatened preterm labour (TPL). In the present study, we investigated self-perceived burden (SPB) and postpartum depression (PPD) among hospitalized pregnant women with TPL, exploring the association of SPB with PPD, and identifying other potential risk factors of early PPD. Methods: A self- reported survey conducted in the Obstetrics Department of Anhui Provincial Hospital, People’s Republic of China. Women hospitalized with TPL were approached one week after delivery. One hundred fifty women were recruited from January 2017 to December 2017. Self-Perceived Burden Scale (SPBS), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were the main measures. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation, and multiple logistic regression were employed for data analysis.Results: SPB and PPD were commonly experienced by women hospitalized with TPL, and SPB was positively and significantly correlated with PPD. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that, for the women hospitalized with TPL during pregnancy, the emotional aspect of SPB (OR = 1.473, 95% CI = 1.141–1.903, p = 0.003), age (OR = 1.178, 95%CI = 1.056–1.314, p = 0.003), occupation (OR = 0.282, 95%CI = 0.095–0.023, p = 0.023), history of scarred uterus (OR = 0.163, 95%CI = 0.034–0.769, p = 0.022), delivery mode (OR = 5.974, 95%CI = 1.750–20.396, p = 0.004), and family support to women hospitalized with TPL during pregnancy (OR = 0.665, 95% CI = 0.498–0.887, p = 0.006) were the significant factors predicting early signs of PPD. Conclusion: This study indicated that SPB and PPD were prevalent mental issues among hospitalized women with TPL, and SPB, especially perceived emotional burden, is a strong predictor of PPD. Our study suggests the necessity of paying attention to mental health issues—especially SPB and PPD—among hospitalized women with TPL, as well as providing appropriate interventions at the prenatal stage to prevent adverse consequences. Perceiving support from family during pregnancy with high risk can help women in reducing the risk of PPD.

The effect of aircraft noise on the mental health of a community sample: a pilot study

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tarnopolsky ◽  
S. M. Barker ◽  
R. D. Wiggins ◽  
E. K. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Education ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
High Risk Factors

SYNOPSISResults of the investigation of a sample of size N = 200, half of whom live in the vicinity of a main airport, are reported. Three health indicators were examined: (1) annoyance reactions measured with a scale which did not include symptoms; (2) a symptom score, obtained with a screening instrument which identifies possible psychiatric cases; and (3) confirmed psychiatric cases identified with a traditional diagnosis after an interview by a psychiatrist. Noise was undoubtedly associated with annoyance. An association between noise and psychiatric measures was only present in a subgroup of respondents of high education. There was a marked association between annoyance and psychiatric measures. An attempt was made to clarify the nature of this relationship. Hypersensitivity to noise was associated with a high frequency of psychiatric symptoms and should be considered among the high risk factors for psychiatric illness.

An examination of childhood trauma in individuals attending an adult mental health service

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Wota ◽  
C. Byrne ◽  
I. Murray ◽  
T. Ofuafor ◽  
Z. Nisar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Adult Mental Health

ObjectivesChildhood sexual abuse has previously been associated with adult mental health difficulties, however, few studies have evaluated all forms of childhood maltreatment in individuals attending adult mental health services. Consequently, this study investigates the association of five forms of childhood trauma with a range of clinical symptoms and mental health disorders in 136 individuals attending a mental health service in Ireland utilising the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ).MethodOne hundred and thirty-six patients attending the Roscommon Mental Health Services completed the CTQ and a number of additional psychometric instruments evaluating illness severity, impulsivity, disability and the presence of a personality disorder(s) (PD) to ascertain the prevalence of childhood trauma and any potential associations between childhood trauma and a range of demographic and clinical factors.ResultSeventy-six per cent of individuals reported childhood trauma, with emotional neglect most frequently reported (61%). Individuals who had experienced childhood trauma had higher rates of clinical symptoms, distress and impulsivity. Substance abuse and paranoid, borderline and antisocial PDs most associated with childhood trauma.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the need to routinely elicit information on all forms of childhood traumatic experiences from patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: findings from the ELSA-Brasil COVID-19 Mental Health Cohort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Andre R Brunoni ◽  
Paulo Jeng Chian Suen ◽  
Pedro Starzynski Bacchi ◽  
Lais Boralli Razza ◽  
Izio Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms

scholarly journals The Psychological Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Pregnant Women in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Zheng ◽  
Ruoxi Zhang ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Pei Cheng ◽  
Yanhong Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Impact

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been reported to have negative psychological impact on mental health. Nonetheless, there are few studies investigating the impacts on pregnant women. This study investigated the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women, and the associated risk factors that moderated this impact.Methods and Materials: A total of 2,798 pregnant participants were recruited from the Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were used to assess depression, generalized anxiety disorder and insomnia, respectively, during and before the COVID-19 pandemic. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) was used to assess psychological stress during the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, over one third of pregnant participants reported mild depression, around 20% experienced mild generalized anxiety, about one third reported problems with sleeping, and more than 15% felt mild psychological stress. The occurrence of psychological problems was significantly higher during the COVID-19 pandemic when compared to before the outbreak. The previously described pattern that pregnant women in the first trimester are more likely to report depression, and those in the third trimester are more likely to report insomnia and psychological stress, was also recognized in our study population. Mental health issues existing before the outbreak were risk factors, while family support was a protective factor in the occurrence of the measured mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusion: Our data suggest pregnant women's mental health is inevitably affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pregnant women in the first and third trimester and those who experienced mental issues before the outbreak may be particularly affected.

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