Apparent diffusion coefficient cannot predict molecular subtype and lymph node metastases in invasive breast cancer: a multicenter analysis

Abstract Background Radiological imaging plays a central role in the diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). Some studies suggest MRI techniques like diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) may provide further prognostic value by discriminating between tumors with different biologic characteristics including receptor status and molecular subtype. However, there is much contradictory reported data regarding such associations in the literature. The purpose of the present study was to provide evident data regarding relationships between quantitative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on DWI and pathologic prognostic factors in BC. Methods Data from 5 centers (661 female patients, mean age, 51.4 ± 10.5 years) were acquired. Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was diagnosed in 625 patients (94.6%) and invasive lobular carcinoma in 36 cases (5.4%). Luminal A carcinomas were diagnosed in 177 patients (28.0%), luminal B carcinomas in 279 patients (44.1%), HER 2+ carcinomas in 66 cases (10.4%), and triple negative carcinomas in 111 patients (17.5%). The identified lesions were staged as T1 in 51.3%, T2 in 43.0%, T3 in 4.2%, and as T4 in 1.5% of the cases. N0 was found in 61.3%, N1 in 33.1%, N2 in 2.9%, and N3 in 2.7%. ADC values between different groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test and by the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The association between ADC and Ki 67 values was calculated by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results ADC values of different tumor subtypes overlapped significantly. Luminal B carcinomas had statistically significant lower ADC values compared with luminal A (p = 0.003) and HER 2+ (p = 0.007) lesions. No significant differences of ADC values were observed between luminal A, HER 2+ and triple negative tumors. There were no statistically significant differences of ADC values between different T or N stages of the tumors. Weak statistically significant correlation between ADC and Ki 67 was observed in luminal B carcinoma (r = − 0.130, p = 0.03). In luminal A, HER 2+ and triple negative tumors there were no significant correlations between ADC and Ki 67. Conclusion ADC was not able to discriminate molecular subtypes of BC, and cannot be used as a surrogate marker for disease stage or proliferation activity.

Download Full-text

Diffusion Weighted Imaging of Different Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes. A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-57672/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hans-Jonas Meyer ◽

Andreas Wienke ◽

Alexey Surov

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Molecular Subtypes ◽

Luminal A ◽

Adc Value ◽

Luminal B ◽

Adc Values ◽

Her 2

Abstract Background: Magnetic resonance imaging can be used to diagnose breast cancer (BC)s. Diffusion weighted imaging and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) can be used to reflect tumor microstructure. The present analysis sought to compare ADC values between molecular subtypes of BC based upon a large patient sample.Methods: MEDLINE library and SCOPUS databases were screened for the associations between ADC and molecular suptype of BC to April 2020. Primary endpoint of the systematic review was the ADC value in different BC. Overall, 28 studies were suitable for the analysis and included into the present study.Results: The included studies comprised a total of 2990 tumors. Luminal A type was diagnosed in 865 cases (28.9%), Luminal B in 899 cases (30.1%), Her-2 enriched in 597 cases (20.0%) and triple negative in 629 cases (21.0%). The mean ADC value of the Luminal A type was 0.99 × 10− 3 mm2/s [95% CI 0.94-1.04], of the Luminal B type was 0.99 × 10− 3 mm2/s [95% CI 0.89-1.05], of Her 2-enriched type was 1.02 × 10− 3 mm2/s [95% CI 0.95-1.08] and of the triple negative type was 0.99 × 10− 3 mm2/s [95% CI 0.91-1.07].Conclusions: ADC values cannot be used to discriminate between molecular subtypes of BC.

Download Full-text

Immunohistochemical tests for diagnostics of infiltrative forms of breast cancer and identification of molecular subtype in women of different ages in Dnipro city

Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems ◽

10.15421/021732 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 204-209

Author(s):

T. M. Shevchenko ◽

P. V. Gazdyuk ◽

A. M. Bondar ◽

O. Y. Govoruha

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Molecular Subtype ◽

Luminal A ◽

Luminal B ◽

Different Ages ◽

Her 2 ◽

Duct Cancer ◽

High Level ◽

Immunohistochemical Testing

The article presents the results of histological and immunohistochemical testing of women of different ages who are suffering from infiltrative forms of breast cancer in Dnipro. The study presents the distribution of receptors of estrogens and progesterone (ER, PR), HER-2/neu (necessary for prescribing treatment) and Кi-67 (reveals additional features of a tumour). Considering that luminal types of breast cancer include tumours whose receptors express to ER and PR, depending on the kind of expression HER2/neu, they are classified into A (do not express HER2/neu) and B (express HER2/neu). Tumours with hyperexpression of HER2/neu and lack of ER and PR are called HER2+. The research conducted has shown that duct cancer is by far the commonest form, at 81%. In duct cancer, undifferentiated stage and moderately-differentiated stage cancer prevails, whereas with nodule cancer the majority (80%) have moderately-differentiated stage cancer. We discovered a correlative link between the stage of differentiation and the percentage of metastasis both in duct and nodule breast cancer. But nodule breast cancer is more aggressive: with metastasis occurring in 31.2% of women even in cases of moderately-differentiated stage cancer. Only duct cancer is able to produce slime, which distinguishes it from other forms. Combined forms of cancer are rare, but they lead to metastases in all cases. Most women with infiltrative cancer in Dnipro are aged between 51 and 60. There has been observed the increase in cases of breast cancer among young women; the most widespread among infiltrated forms of breast cancer is subtype Luminal A, which has the best prognosis. As the research shows, women under 60 tend to have less aggressive subtypes, which are easy to treat, whereas in older patients their aggressiveness increases substantially, which means an unfavourable prognosis and lower effectiveness of treatment. Кі-67 marker increases substantially in the absence of ER and PR, which means a high level of tumour aggressiveness. Luminal A subtype in not aggressive in most cases, which means the most favourable prognosis. Luminal B is partly aggressive which leads to a high percentage of metastasis, but thanks to ER+ or PR+, it is successfully treated by hormone therapy, which can lead to a positive prognosis. Overall, HER2+ and triple negative are the most aggressive.

Download Full-text

Gata-3 and KI-67 expression in correlation with molecular subtypes of breast cancer

Breast Disease ◽

10.3233/bd-219004 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

M. Husni Cangara ◽

Upik A. Miskad ◽

Rina Masadah ◽

Berti J. Nelwan ◽

Syarifuddin Wahid

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Hormone Receptor ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Molecular Subtypes ◽

Molecular Subtype ◽

Receptor Expression ◽

Luminal A ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Her 2 ◽

Hormone Receptor Expression

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate and compare four breast cancer subtypes defined by immunohistochemistry expression of ER, PR, and HER-2 in correlation with Ki-67 and GATA-3 expression. METHODS: Slides from 89 paraffin blocks of invasive breast cancer patients with four molecular subtypes based on HER-2, ER, and PR expression were then stained with Ki-67 and GATA-3 antibodies to evaluate their expression in correlation with molecular subtype and metastases to lymph nodes. RESULTS: This study was a retrospective study of 89 invasive breast cancers. Luminal A; Luminal B; HER2+; and triple-negative types were 35 (39.3%), 10 (11.2%), 27 (30.3%), and 17 (19.1%) samples. Expression of Ki-67 was increased in triple-negative (TN) tumor compared to non-triple-negative (non-TN) tumor subtypes (p < 0.05). This Ki-67 expression was inversely correlated with the positivity of hormone receptor expression related to lymph-node metastases in TN-type tumors. Sixty-two (57%) samples were immunohistochemically positive for GATA-3. GATA-3 positive samples were significantly more likely to be ER and PR-positive, Ki-67 negative, and luminal A tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Subtype triple-negative breast cancer correlates with high expression of Ki-67 that contributes to poor prognosis of this subtype. The higher Ki-67 expression was correlated with the absence of hormone receptor expression compared with the negativity of Her-2 expression, downplay a role in nodal metastases in a triple-negative tumor. GATA-3 positive breast cancer showed luminal differentiation characterized by high ER expression and mainly was classified as luminal A type tumor with a better prognosis.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Carcinoma and Its Comparison between Two Different Age Groups: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Center of Northeast India

South Asian Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1731905 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (04) ◽

pp. 220-224

Author(s):

Jagannath Dev Sharma ◽

Sachin Khanna ◽

Shubhra Ramchandani ◽

Lopa Mudra Kakoti ◽

Argha Baruah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Molecular Subtypes ◽

Molecular Subtype ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Group ◽

Luminal A ◽

Luminal B ◽

Her 2

Abstract Objective The aim of the study is to see the prevalence of different molecular subtypes in breast cancer patients among two different age groups: ≤40 years and >40 years. Materials and Methods Retrospective study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2019. We studied 568 cases of breast carcinoma and classified them into four molecular subtypes—luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER 2), and triple negative. Cases were divided into two different groups: (1) ≤40 years and (2) >40 years. Statistical Analysis was done by using SPSS software version 20.0. Results Out of 568 cases, 151 (26.6%) were ≤40 years of age and 417 (73.4%) were >40 years of age. The most common histological subtype of breast cancer was ductal carcinoma in 548 cases and the most common grade was grade III. Immunohistochemistry was done in 432 patients. In younger age group, the most common molecular subtype was luminal B (31%) followed by triple negative (20%), luminal A (14%), and then HER 2 (5.3%), while in the older age group most common molecular subtype was luminal B (27.8%) followed by triple negative (14%), HER 2 (12.2%), and then luminal A (12%). Conclusion Luminal B is found to be the most common subtype in Northeast Indian women with breast cancer, as compared with other studies in which luminal A was the most common subtype. This could be due to the reason that Ki-67 was not done in most of the other studies.

Download Full-text

The role of Ki-67 in molecular breast cancer classification.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.583 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 583-583

Author(s):

George Stathopoulos ◽

Nikolaos Malamos ◽

Christos Markopoulos ◽

Athanasios Polychronis ◽

Sotirios Rigatos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Progesterone Receptors ◽

Molecular Classification ◽

Breast Cancer Patients ◽

Luminal A ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Luminal B ◽

Her 2

583 Background: The Ki-67 antigen was identified the involvement in early steps of polymerase I-dependent ribosomal RNA synthesis. Although it seems that the protein has an important function in cell division, its exact role is still obscure and there is little published work on its overall function. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the contribution of Ki-67 level in respect of tumor recurrence in molecular classified groups of breast cancer patients. Methods: Breast cancer tumor samples were examined for histological confirmation and for estrogen and progesterone receptors, c-erb-B2 expression, proliferation with Grade and Ki-67. Ki-67 was divided in percentage levels, up to 20 and higher than 20%. Immunohistochemistry and Fluorescence in situ hybridization is described for the results of ER, PR, c-erb-B2, Ki-67 biomarkers. Formaldehyde – fixed breast samples were paraffin wax embedded and processed for paraffin sections. The primary antibodies used were: The monoclinal antibody ID5 (M7047, Dakocytomation, Carpinteria, CA) for the detection of ER, the monoclonal anti-PR antibody 636 was used. For the detection of Ki-67 we used monoclonal mouse anti-human Ki-67 MIB-1. The patients molecular classification was Luminal A, Luminal B, Her-2 subtype and basal cell (triple negative). Results: 847 breast cancer patients were recruited. 291 were group as Luminal A, 228 as Luminal B, 221 Her-2 subtype and 107 triple negative. Follow-up was from 3 years to 15 years since diagnosis. It was found that in Luminal A patients, none had Ki-67 higher than 20% and the recurrence was in 10.65%. In Luminal B, the Ki-67 was higher than 20% in 61% of the patients and recurrence 23.68%. In Her-2 subtype >20% Ki-67 was 78.94%, recurrence 17.19%. In triple negative > 20% Ki-67 was in 68.75% and recurrence in 29.90% of the patients. Conclusions: The data presented here indicate that Ki-67 level may be considered as one of valuable biomarkers in breast cancer patients process and recurrence.

Download Full-text

Presentation of the Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer Detected By Immunohistochemistry in Surgically Treated Patients

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2018.231 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 961-967 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Borislav Kondov ◽

Zvonko Milenkovikj ◽

Goran Kondov ◽

Gordana Petrushevska ◽

Neli Basheska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Tumour Cell ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Molecular Subtypes ◽

Significant Prognostic Factor ◽

Luminal A ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Luminal B ◽

Conditional Gene Expression ◽

Her 2

INTRODUCTION: The detection of estrogen, progesterone and HER-2 neu receptors on the surface of the tumour cell is a significant prognostic factor, alone or in combination. The presence or absence of receptors on the surface of the tumour cell is associated with the conditional gene expression in the tumour cell itself. Based on these genetically determined expressions of the tumour cell, five molecular subtypes of breast cancer have been classified on the St. Gallen International Expert Consensus in 2011 that can be immunohistochemically detected, with each subtype manifesting certain prognosis and aggression.AIM: Analyzing the presentation of molecular subtypes of breast cancer that are immunohistochemically detected in surgically treated patients at the Clinic for Thoracic and Vascular Surgery.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used the international classification on molecular subtypes of breast cancer which divides them into: Luminal A (ER+ and/or PR+, HER-2 negative, Ki-67 < 14%), Luminal B with HER-2 negative (ER+ and/or PR+, HER-2 negative, Ki-67 ≥ 14%), Luminal B with HER-2 positive (ER+ and/or PR+, HER-2+, any Ki-67), HER-2 enriched (ER-, PR-, HER-2+), and basal-like (triple negative) (ER-, PR-, HER-2 negative, CK5/6+ and/or EGFR+). A total of 290 patients, surgically treated for breast cancer, were analysed during 2014.RESULTS: In our analysis, we found that Luminal A was present in 77 (26.55%) patients, Luminal B HER-2 negative was present in 91 (31.38%) patients, Luminal B HER-2 positive was present in 70 (24.14%) patients, HER-2 enriched was present in 25 (8.62%) patients and basal-like (or triple negative) was present in 27 (9.31%) patients.CONCLUSION: Detecting the subtype of breast cancer is important for evaluating the prognosis of the disease, but also for determining and providing an adequate therapy. Therefore, determining the subtype of breast cancer is necessary for the routine histopathological assay.

Download Full-text

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Different Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Breast Care ◽

10.1159/000514407 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Hans-Jonas Meyer ◽

Andreas Wienke ◽

Alexey Surov

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Molecular Subtypes ◽

Luminal A ◽

Diagnose Breast Cancer ◽

Luminal B ◽

Diffusion Weighted ◽

Adc Values

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging can be used to diagnose breast cancer (BC).Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) can be used to reflect tumor microstructure. Objectives: This analysis aimed to compare ADC values between molecular subtypes of BC based on a large sample of patients. Method: The MEDLINE library and Scopus database were screened for the associations between ADC and molecular subtypes of BC up to April 2020. The primary end point of the systematic review was the ADC value in different BC subtypes. Overall, 28 studies were included. Results: The included studies comprised a total of 2,990 tumors. Luminal A type was diagnosed in 865 cases (28.9%), luminal B in 899 (30.1%), human epidermal growth factor receptor (Her2)-enriched in 597 (20.0%), and triple-negative in 629 (21.0%). The mean ADC values of the subtypes were as follows: luminal A: 0.99 × 10–3 mm2/s (95% CI 0.94–1.04), luminal B: 0.97 × 10–3 mm2/s (95% CI 0.89–1.05), Her2-enriched: 1.02 × 10–3 mm2/s (95% CI 0.95–1.08), and triple-negative: 0.99 × 10–3 mm2/s (95% CI 0.91–1.07). Conclusions: ADC values cannot be used to discriminate between molecular subtypes of BC.

Download Full-text

Breast cancer in Angola, molecular subtypes: The first preliminary study.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e13075 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e13075-e13075

Author(s):

Lúcio Lara Santos ◽

Fernando Miguel ◽

Lygia Vieira Lopes ◽

Julio Oliveira ◽

Eduardo Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Molecular Subtypes ◽

Molecular Subtype ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Luminal A ◽

Her2 Positive ◽

Luminal B ◽

Therapeutic Decisions ◽

Ihc Markers

e13075 Background: Women in sub-Saharan African countries, as Angola, are experiencing an increasing burden of aggressive breast cancer. Breast cancer molecular subtypes may enable more accurate diagnoses and support therapeutic decisions, however several studies have suggested that African breast cancers are predominantly hormone receptor poor. We conduct a study, to correlate the clinical pathological profiles and molecular subtypes, according its surrogate immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers, of breast cancer in Luanda, Angola. Methods: From Jan. 2011 to Dec. 30, 2014, 179 consecutive cases of microscopically confirmed invasive breast carcinoma that were evaluable for histology and IHC (ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67) were classified. However, 21.8% (n = 39) of cases were poorly preserved, therefore it was only possible to study IHC in 140 cases. Results: All patients were female, the median age was 47 years (24-84 years). Invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common type, 91.4% (n = 128), grade 2 (moderately differentiated) was prevalent, 67.1%. Most of the tumours were locally advanced, stage III 65% (n = 91) and stage IV 3.6% (n = 5). In 140 cases studied, 53.2% (n = 74 ) of malignancies were hormone receptors positive, whence 25.7% were luminal A like, 19.3% luminal B like/ HER2 negative, 7.9% luminal B like/HER2 positive, 15.7% HER2 positive and 31,4% were triple-negative. Conclusions: Woman with breast cancer in Luanda-Angola were caracterized by advance stage and younger age at diagnosis of disease. The two predominant molecular subtypes are triple negative and luminal A like. Therefore, determining the molecular subtype using surrogate IHC markers has important treatment and prognostic implications for Angola women with breast cancer.

Download Full-text

ER, PR, HER2, Ki-67 and CK5 in Early and Late Relapsing Breast Cancer—Reduced CK5 Expression in Metastases

Breast Cancer Basic and Clinical Research ◽

10.4137/bcbcr.s10701 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. BCBCR.S10701 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Kristiina Joensuu ◽

Marjut Leidenius ◽

Mia Kero ◽

Leif C. Andersson ◽

Kathryn B. Horwitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Primary Therapy ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Luminal A ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Luminal B

Breast cancer can recur even decades after the primary therapy. Markers are needed to predict cancer progression and the risk of late recurrence. The estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), proliferation marker Ki-67, and cytokeratin CK5 were studied to find out whether their expression or occurrence in subgroups of breast cancers correlated with the time of recurrence. The expression of HER2, ER, PR, Ki-67, and CK5 was studied by IHC in 72 primary breast cancers and their corresponding recurrent/metastatic lesions. The patients were divided into three groups according to the time of the recurrence/metastasis: before two years, after 5 years, and after 10 years. Based on their IHC profiles, the tumors were divided into surrogates of the genetically defined subgroups of breast cancers and the subtype definitions were as follows: luminal A (ER or PR+HER2–), luminal B (ER or PR+HER2+), HER2 overexpressing (ER–PR–HER2+), triple-negative (ER–PR–HER2–), basal-like (ER–PR–HER2–CK5+), non-classified (ER–PR–HER2–CK5–) and luminobasal (ER or PR+CK5+). In multivariate analysis, tumor size and HER2 positivity were a significant risk of early cancer relapse. The metastases showed a significantly lower CK5 expression. CK5 positivity distinguished triple negative tumors into rapidly and slowly recurring cancers. The IHC subtype ER or PR+HER2– luminal A presented a significantly lower risk of early tumor recurrence. Ki-67 expression denoted early-relapsing tumors and correlated linearly with tumor progression, since Ki-67 positivity declined gradually from early-relapsing toward late-recurring cancers.

Download Full-text

Predominance of the luminal B molecular subtype in a group of women with infiltrating breast ductal carcinoma in the Colombian coffee region: Analysis by immunohistochemistry.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e12571 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e12571-e12571

Author(s):

Paula Toro ◽

Juliana Pava-De Los Rios ◽

Alex Enrique Pava-Ripoll ◽

Sebastian Chica ◽

Edgar Perez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Latin American ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Molecular Subtype ◽

Treatment Plan ◽

Phenotypic Expression ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Luminal A ◽

Luminal B

e12571 Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and constitutes a public health problem due to its high rates of morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is made through routine histopathology studies that are complemented by phenotypic expression studies of hormone receptors (estrogen and progesterone receptors), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) and cell proliferation index (Ki67) for their subtyping into molecular groups (luminal A, luminal B, Her2, and triple negative), which have different prognostic and therapeutic implications. Globally, a high prevalence of the Luminal A subtype has been reported, predominantly in North America, Europe, and some Latin American countries; however, the reports in the Colombian population are heterogeneous. The objective of this research is to establish an incidence profile of these molecular subtypes in a population of the coffee region in Colombia. Methods: Samples of 377 patients with a diagnosis of infiltrating breast cancer were collected retrospectively between 2015 and 2018. Inclusion criteria included: 1) Availability of personal data (year of diagnosis and age) 2) Infiltrating breast carcinoma. 3) Diagnosis between 2015 and 2018. 4) Study of complete immunohistochemistry and/or in situ hybridization (ISH) markers. Results: The histological subtypes included: NOS infiltrating ductal carcinomas (339 cases; 89.9 %), infiltrating lobular (23 cases; 6.1 %), infiltrating mucinous (6 cases; 1.5 %), infiltrating papillary (1 case; 0.2 %) and mixed patterns: ductal - lobular (3 cases; 0.7 %) and mucinous - ductal (5 cases; 1.3 %), of whom 56.2% (212 cases) correspond to luminal B, 22.2% (84 cases) to Luminal A, 14.8% (56 cases) to triple negative and 6.6% (25 cases) to HER2. Conclusions: These findings contrast with the prevalence reported worldwide. Therefore, in the population of the Colombian coffee region, this predominance of the molecular subtype luminal B should be considered when establishing prognosis and treatment plan by the medical staff.

Download Full-text