scholarly journals Adherence to treatment in paediatric patients – results of the nationwide survey in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemyslaw Kardas ◽  
Marek Dabrowa ◽  
Konrad Witkowski
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Paediatric Patients ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Due to high prevalence, non-adherence to prescribed treatment seriously undermines the effectiveness of evidence-based therapies in paediatric patients. In order to change this negative scenario, physicians need to be aware of adherence problem, as well as of possible solutions. Unfortunately, full potential of adherence-targeting interventions is still underused in Poland. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours toward non-adherence in Polish paediatricians. Methods An anonymous cross-sectional nationwide survey was conducted in the convenience sample of Polish doctors providing care to paediatric patients. The survey focused on the prevalence of non-adherence, its causes, and interventions employed. Primary studied parameter was perceived prevalence of non-adherence in paediatric patients. Reporting of this study adheres to STROBE guidelines. Results One thousand and thirty-three responses were eligible for analysis. Vast majority of respondents were female (85.9%), most of them worked in primary care (90.6%). The respondents represented all 16 Polish Voivodeships, with the biggest number coming from the Mazowieckie Voivodeship (n = 144, 13.9%). Survey participants believed that on average 28.9% of paediatric patients were non-adherent to medication. More than half of the respondents (n = 548, 53.0%) were convinced that their own patients were more adherent than average. Duration of the professional practice strongly correlated with a lower perceived prevalence of non-adherence. Professionals with more than 40 years of practice believed that the percentage of non-adherent patients was <=20% particularly often (OR = 3.82 (95% CI 2.11–6.93) versus those up to 10 years in practice). Out of all respondents, they were also most often convinced that their own patients were more adherent than the general population (P < 0.01). Consequently, they underestimated the need for training in this area. Conclusions Physicians taking care of Polish paediatric patients underestimated the prevalence of medication non-adherence and believed that this was a problem of other doctors. This optimistic bias was particularly pronounced in older doctors. These results identify important barriers toward improving patient adherence that are worth addressing in the pre- and post-graduate education of Polish physicians. They also put some light over the challenges that educational activities in this area may face.

scholarly journals Relationship between postural changes and physical and functional variables in schoolchildren aged 6-12 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dernival Bertoncello ◽  
Karina Pereira ◽  
Lelles Gabriel Damasceno Queiroz ◽  
Eduardo Porcatti Walsh ◽  
Angélica Emboaba Salomão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sample Characteristics

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of postural changes and their relationship with BMI, pain, postures adopted in activities of the daily living (ADL), physical activity practice, gender and age (6 to 12 years). This study is characterized as cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive. The convenience sample consisted of 840 schoolchildren. Regarding the sample characteristics, 477 (56.79%) were female aged 6-12 years (average=8.90±1.71years). Evaluations were carried out at the school premises and a questionnaire was used to collect data on gender, age, pain report, practice of out-of-school physical activities and postures adopted in ADLs. Body mass, height and posture were evaluated. Some schoolchildren (43.21%) reported not practicing physical activity outside of school, 544 (64.76%) correctly carried their backpack and 51.9% adopted correct postures to study and watch TV. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 62.73%, and shoulders were the most affected. BMI indicated 55.6% of the sample with leanness/normal weight and 44.40% with overweight/obesity. Postural changes were present in 97.02% of students and the region with the highest number of alterations was the upper limbs. Girls presented greater number of trunk alterations (p=0.001), as well as those who did not practice physical activity (p=0.02) and alterations in the lower limbs for younger students (p=0.02) and female students (p=0.01). This study identified high prevalence of postural changes in schoolchildren.

scholarly journals Inadequate intakes of dietary zinc among pregnant women from subsistence households in Sidama, Southern Ethiopia

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yewelsew Abebe ◽  
Alemtsehay Bogale ◽  
K Michael Hambidge ◽  
Barbara J Stoecker ◽  
Isabel Arbide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of zinc inadequacy based on dietary intakes and plasma zinc concentrations and, simultaneously, the prevalence of inadequate intakes of energy, protein, calcium and iron.DesignA cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of subsistence farming households in Sidama, Southern Ethiopia.SubjectsDietary intakes were calculated from 1-day weighed food records and 40 repeats from 99 pregnant women in the third trimester using analysed values of major staple foods for zinc, iron, calcium and phytate. The distribution of observed intakes was adjusted for usual intakes and the prevalence of inadequacy estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cutpoint method. Prevalence of inadequacy for zinc, protein and iron intakes were compared with those based on biochemical measures.ResultsPrevalence of zinc inadequacy was very high: 99% for US FNB EAR and 100% for IZiNCG EAR compared to 72% based on low plasma zinc concentrations. Corresponding prevalence estimates for iron were much lower: 4% for inadequate intakes based on US FNB EAR vs. 8.7% for iron deficiency anaemia (haemoglobin < 110 g l−1; ferritin < 12 μg l−1) and 32.3% for low storage iron. Prevalence of inadequacy for protein was 100% for adjusted intakes and 91% for serum albumin < 32 g l−1. For calcium, 74% were at risk for inadequate intakes.ConclusionThe high prevalence of inadequate intakes of zinc and protein was reasonably consistent with those based on biochemical measures. Such dietary deficits could be overcome by regular consumption of cellular animal protein. In contrast, both dietary and biochemical measures of iron inadequacy were low.

scholarly journals Photobiomodulation in speech-language-hearing therapy: a profile of professional practice and the level of information of Brazilian speech-language-hearing therapists

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rayana Batista Correia ◽  
Julyane Feitoza Coêlho ◽  
Maria Louize Justino Freire ◽  
Larissa Nadjara Alves Almeida ◽  
Leandro de Araújo Pernambuco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Level Laser ◽  
Level Laser ◽  
Hearing Therapy

ABSTRACT Purpose: to know the profile of Brazilian speech-language-hearing (SLH) therapists and their level of information on the use of low-level laser photobiomodulation. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted with a self-administered online questionnaire related to the professional education, work, and knowledge of SLH therapists on low-level laser photobiomodulation. Two hundred sixty-one speech-language-hearing therapists of both sexes participated in the research. The data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: the speech-language-hearing therapists had graduated predominantly 10 to 20 years before, their highest degree was mainly specialization, and most of them worked in the fields of oral-motor functions, dysphagia, voice, language, and audiology. Most of them knew photobiomodulation and its use in SLH therapists; also, they agreed on using a low-level laser as a therapeutic resource. Even so, most did not use it in clinical practice, although those who did, reported greater patient adherence. Statistical significance was verified for the association between laser use and access to resolution number 541 of the Federal Speech-Language-Hearing Council, time in the profession, main specialization, and required qualification. Conclusion: the participating speech-language-hearing therapists showed knowledge on low-level laser photobiomodulation and its applicability. However, most of these professionals did not use the resource yet.

scholarly journals Use of professional practice guidance resources in pharmacy: a cross-sectional nationwide survey of pharmacists, intern pharmacists, and pharmacy students

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna Mill ◽  
Jacinta L. Johnson ◽  
Kenneth Lee ◽  
Sandra M. Salter ◽  
Danielle D’Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Practice Standards ◽  
Pharmaceutical Society ◽  
Resource Group

Abstract Background Variations in practice are commonplace in healthcare where health professionals, such as pharmacists act as autonomous practitioners. This is evident in simulated patient studies, where pharmacists practice does not meet widely accepted standards for medicines supply or treatment of an ailment. To promote best pharmacy practice a myriad of guidance resources including practice guidelines, codes and standards are produced by professional organisations. These resources provide a framework for pharmacy practice and endeavour to facilitate consistency in provision of pharmacy-based services to consumers. Despite their role in specifying essential pharmacist behaviours, there is limited research exploring if and how these resources are used in practice. Objective To characterise Australian pharmacists’ use of the Pharmaceutical Society of Australia’s Code of Ethics, Professional Practice Guidelines and Professional Practice Standards. Methods A cross-sectional, self-administered, electronic survey of registered pharmacists, intern pharmacists and pharmacy students living in Australia was conducted in July 2020. Questions considered use of professional practice resources (by resource group) in the preceding 12 months. Data were analysed descriptively. Results Of 601 responses included in the analysis 462 (76.9%) of respondents were registered pharmacists, 88 (14.6%) pharmacy students and 51 (8.5%) intern pharmacists. Interns and students accessed overarching practice resources, such as the Professional Practice Standards, Code of Ethics and Dispensing Practice Guidelines more frequently than practising pharmacists. Pharmacists accessed professional practice guidelines, such as Practice Guidelines for the Provision of Immunisation Services Within Pharmacy, more often than students. More pharmacists than interns and students indicated that they would access guidelines to resolve practice and patient care issues. All resources except the Professional Practice Standards for Pharmacists (67.4%) were accessed by less than 50% of respondents in the preceding 12-month period. Reasons for not accessing resources varied between participant and resource groups, and generally were due to a lack of awareness of the resource or not considering them necessary for the individual’s practice. Conclusion(s) Access and use patterns for professional practice guidance resources change with experience. Professional organisations responsible for developing resources should consider these patterns when designing and reviewing resources and related policies. To ensure resources are meeting the needs of the profession, students, interns, and pharmacists should be involved in the review of and design of further resources.

scholarly journals Pharmacists’ Perceptions and Drivers of Immunization Practices for COVID-19 Vaccines: Results of a Nationwide Survey Prior to COVID-19 Vaccine Emergency Use Authorization

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Sonia Susan Jacob ◽  
Mary Barna Bridgeman ◽  
Hyoeun Kim ◽  
Michael Toscani ◽  
Racquel Kohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacy Practice ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
To Receive

Background: Pharmacists play a vital role in recommending and providing vaccines to improve public health and are on the front line of mass immunization efforts. Aim: The objective of this study is to evaluate pharmacists’ perceptions on COVID-19 vaccines prior to emergency use authorization (EUA) amid a global pandemic. Methods: A voluntary, anonymous, cross-sectional survey was conducted between September and November 2020. Survey respondents included a convenience sample of licensed pharmacists in the United States. The primary outcomes were pharmacists’ willingness to receive and recommend hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines. Covariates assessed in the survey included COVID-19 exposure or personal experience, primary pharmacy practice setting, background in training, geographic region, and prioritization of clinical data. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: This study surveyed 763 pharmacists and results from 632 participants were included in final analysis. Overall, 67.1% of the pharmacists were willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and 63.4% of the pharmacists were willing to recommend a COVID-19 vaccine at ≤1 year from the time of vaccine approval. At >1 year after vaccine approval, 78% of the pharmacists were willing to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and 81.2% of the pharmacists were willing to recommend a COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusions: Survey findings suggest that, while a majority of pharmacists surveyed indicate acceptance of hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines, there remains to be hesitancy among pharmacists to receive or recommend vaccination.

Hospice and palliative social workers' experiences with clients at risk of suicide

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 664-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla T. Washington ◽  
David L. Albright ◽  
Debra Parker Oliver ◽  
L. Ashley Gage ◽  
Alexandria Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Study Results ◽  
National Organizations

AbstractObjective:We sought to determine the frequency with which hospice and palliative social workers encounter patients, family caregivers, and other clients at risk of suicide, and to discover the extent to which hospice and palliative social workers feel prepared to address issues related to suicide in their professional practice.Method:We conducted a cross-sectional survey of hospice and palliative social workers, recruiting a convenience sample of volunteer respondents through advertisements at professional conferences and listservs, and via social media accounts associated with national organizations, state hospice and palliative care associations, and individual healthcare professionals.Results:Most respondents reported having worked with patients, family caregivers, or other clients who had exhibited warning signs of suicide during the previous year. Fewer respondents indicated that they had worked with patients and family members who had attempted or died by suicide. While the majority of respondents believed they possessed sufficient knowledge and skills to intervene effectively with individuals at risk of suicide, they indicated that additional education on this topic would be valuable for their professional practice.Significance of results:These study results suggest that suicide-related competencies are important in the practice of hospice and palliative social work. Future education and training efforts should include skill development in addition to knowledge building.

scholarly journals Systemic Arterial Hypertension in the Emergency Service: medication adherence and understanding of this disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1149-1156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cássia Regina Vancini-Campanharo ◽  
Gabriella Novelli Oliveira ◽  
Thaisa Fernanda Landim Andrade ◽  
Meiry Fernanda Pinto Okuno ◽  
Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Color ◽  
Emergency Service ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Disease Patient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
White Skin ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Objective: to identify the epidemiological profile of hypertension patients, how much they understand about the disease and the rate of adherence to treatment by these patients who had been hospitalized in the Brazilian emergency service. Methods: this cross-sectional study was performed with 116 patients, both male and female and aged over 18 years, who had been hospitalized in the Emergency Service of a University Hospital between March and June, 2013. The studied variables were data referring to socio-demographics, comorbidities, physical activity and knowledge regarding the disease. Patient adherence to treatment and the identification of the barriers were respectively evaluated using the Morisky test and the Brief Medication Questionnaire. Results: most of the patients involved in this study were women (55%), with white skin color (55%), married (51%), retirees or pensioners (64%) and with a low educational level (58%). Adherence to treatment, in most cases (55%), was moderate and the most prevalent adherence barrier was recall (67%). When medication was acquired at no cost to the patient, there was greater adherence to treatment. Conclusion: this study's patients had a moderate understanding about the disease. The high correlation between the number of drugs used and the recall barrier suggests that monotherapy is an option that can facilitate treatment adherence and reduce how often the patients forget to take their medication.

scholarly journals Influence of socioeconomic factors on the perception of cochlear-vestibular symptoms and adherence to the treatment of congenital hypothyroidism

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-437
Author(s):  
Gabriela Carvalho Machado ◽  
Caio Leônidas Oliveira Andrade ◽  
Ingrid Sampaio Souza ◽  
Luan Paulo Franco Magalhães ◽  
Luciene da Cruz Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Adherence To Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Vestibular Symptoms ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Objectives: to verify if there is an association between socioeconomic factors and adherence to treatment in congenital hypothyroidism and to verify if there is an association between socioeconomic factors and vestibulocochlear symptoms noticed by parents/caregivers of children diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism. Methods: a cross-sectional, exploratory and descriptive study, with a convenience sample. The sample consisted of 108 children with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of congenital hypothyroidism, of both sexes, aged ≥ 5 years. The researchers applied a structured questionnaire to parents/caregivers, consisting of closed and objective questions about the presence or absence of tinnitus, hearing loss and dizziness/vertigo in children with congenital hypothyroidism. Results: There was no association between socioeconomic factors and adherence to treatment or perception of cochlear-vestibular symptoms. Conclusions: socioeconomic factors did not influence treatment adherence or perceived cochlear-vestibular symptoms by caregivers of children with congenital hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Prevalence and individual and work-related factors associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviours among veterinarians in Norway: a cross-sectional, nationwide survey-based study (the NORVET study)

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e055827
Author(s):  
Helene Seljenes Dalum ◽  
Reidar Tyssen ◽  
Erlend Hem
Keyword(s):  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Worth Living ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Individual

ObjectivesSeveral studies have shown increased suicide rates among veterinarians. We investigated the self-reported prevalence of suicidal thoughts and behaviours and contributing and independent factors associated with suicidal thoughts and behaviours among veterinarians in Norway.DesignCross-sectional, nationwide survey.Participants2596 veterinarians in Norway (response rate: 75%).Main outcome measurePaykel’s five-item questionnaire.ResultsIn total, 27% (n=682/2567) of veterinarians in Norway felt that life was not worth living during the last year, 5% (n=139/2562) had serious suicidal thoughts, and 0.2% (n=6/2537) had attempted suicide. Female veterinarians reported significantly higher prevalence of suicidal feelings and thoughts than males. For serious suicidal thoughts, women had nearly twice the prevalence as their male colleagues (6.2% (n=108/1754) vs 3.6% (n=28/766), χ2: 6.5, p=0.011). Independent factors associated with serious suicidal thoughts were being single (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.72, p<0.05), negative life events (OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.68, p<0.001) and the presence of mental distress (OR 2.75, 95% CI 2.14 to 3.52, p<0.001). The veterinarians related their serious suicidal thoughts to work and personal problems, and a lesser degree to family, social and other problems. Nearly twice as many women (53%, n=57/108) as men (28%, n=7/25) reported work problems as the most important contributing factor to their serious suicidal thoughts (χ2: 4.99, p=0.03). 4% (n=6/139) reported work problems as the only factor of importance.ConclusionsVeterinarians in Norway have relatively high prevalence of suicidal feelings and thoughts, including serious suicidal thoughts. In multivariable analyses, the individual factors were more important than work-related ones, while work problems were the most reported contributing factor to serious suicidal thoughts by the veterinarians themselves. The role of gender and specific work-related factors should be further investigated to better understand the complexity of suicidal behaviour among veterinarians.

scholarly journals Stress and Burnout among Preretirement Employee in Hospital at 10th of Ramadan City

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Eman S. Abd Allah ◽  
Samia S. Hassan Hussein ◽  
Hanaa K. Farag ◽  
Mervat E. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Job Stressors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Work Environment Factors ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

<em>Employees are at high risk for stress and burnout. The aim of this study was to assess job stressors and burnout among employees in hospital at Tenth of Ramadan city. Design: cross-sectional descriptive design. Setting: the National Health Insurance Hospital at 10<sup>th</sup> of Ramadan city. Samples: convenience sample consisted of 100 employees. Tools: a self-administered questionnaire including scales for job stress and strain, burnout, and coping strategies, in addition to socio-demographic data was used in data collection. Results: the majority of the nurses were younger than 30 years (78%), with diploma degree (93%), and insufficient income (69%). More nurses had high exposure to stressors (49%), than strains (19%), and 20% had high burnout. Conclusion: the coping strategy most commonly used was effective behavioral confrontation. Nurses’ stress, strain, and burnout are strongly correlated and are influenced by personal factors such as age, qualification, experience, and residence, as well as job factors such as work hours, income, and the use of ineffective coping. Recommendations: the hospital administration should deal with and periodic assess the job factors underlying nurses’ stress and burnout. Further research is proposed to investigate the effectiveness of changing work environment factors and nursing care system on nurses’ burnout.</em>

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