scholarly journals Stability testing of dried Plasmodium falciparum positive quality control samples for malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Liberia and Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saliou Ramani ◽  
Henry T. Kohar ◽  
Oliver Pratt ◽  
Yves Eric Denon ◽  
Christie M. Reed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Stability Testing ◽  
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Control Samples ◽  
Positive Quality

scholarly journals PO 8271 PFHRP2 GENE DELETIONS IN PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM AND SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI CO-INFECTIONS: AN EMERGING CHALLENGE FOR MALARIA RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. A25.2-A25
Author(s):  
Hilda Echelibe ◽  
Masumbe Netongo Palmer ◽  
Nji Akindeh ◽  
Wilfred Mbacham
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
Malaria Rdts ◽  
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests

BackgroundMalaria and schistosomiasis are infections that have a great impact in sub-Saharan Africa based on their high morbidity and mortality rates. We suggest the possibility that the microenvironment created from interactions between the parasites involved generates a pressure on the malaria parasite which could in turn favour the parasite’s adaptation or escape through Pfhrp2 gene deletions. Thus, this study aimed at determining the association between the co-infection with both parasites and false-negative PfHRP2-based malaria rapid diagnostic tests which occur because of these deletions.MethodsThis pilot study was conducted in a total of 149 children aged 7–17 years living in Yorro, located in the Mbam-Inoubou division of the Center region of Cameroon. We collected fresh stool samples from each participant to identify Schistosoma mansoni (Sm) eggs by Kato Katz method and blood samples to identify the ring stages of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) by thick smear. Malaria rapid diagnostic test and Pfhrp2 gene polymerase chain reaction were performed. The association between the co-infection with Sm/Pf and the false-negative malaria RDTs was determined by the Fisher’s exact test. A p value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsOur results showed that samples were singly infected with Sm, Pf, co-infected (Sm/Pf) and negative for both infections at frequencies of 12%, 43%, 30.2% and 14.8% respectively. False-negative PfHRP2-based RDTs were observed in 4.7% of the participants. A higher frequency (5/7) of the cases with false-negative malaria RDTs were co-infected with Sm/Pf. A p value of 0.027 showed statistical significance in the association of Sm/Pf co-infection and false-negative PfHRP2-based RDTs.ConclusionA significant association of Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma mansoni co-infection with false-negative PfHRP2-based RDTs supports the case for a plausible implication of Pfhrp2 gene deletions, with consequences for malaria rapid diagnostic testing.

scholarly journals Characterization of specimens for quality control of malaria rapid diagnostic tests: what is the best indicator for performance?

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne Rees-Channer ◽  
Jane Cunningham ◽  
Peter Chiodini ◽  
John Barnwell ◽  
Jeffery Glenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests

scholarly journals Comparison of Capillary Versus Venous Blood for the Diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Using Rapid Diagnostic Tests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abalinda M Gorret ◽  
Rabbison Muhindo ◽  
Emma Baguma ◽  
Moses Ntaro ◽  
Edgar M Mulogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Western Uganda

Abstract We enrolled 250 febrile children in western Uganda to compare the results of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) when using capillary vs venous blood. Participants were tested with 4 different RDT types. Polymerase chain reaction testing was performed as the reference standard. Sensitivity and specificity were broadly similar across RDT types and sampling method. Agreement between sample type was high, ranging from 0.95 to 0.99. When following the manufacturer’s recommended interpretation, only 5 tests would have resulted in a different clinical diagnosis. These results demonstrate that malaria RDTs perform similarly when using capillary or venous blood in febrile children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

scholarly journals Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests: Literary Review and Recommendation for a Quality Assurance, Quality Control Algorithm

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Michael J. Kavanaugh ◽  
Steven E. Azzam ◽  
David M. Rockabrand
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
World Health ◽  
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Constrained Environments ◽  
Health Organization

Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have had an enormous global impact which contributed to the World Health Organization paradigm shift from empiric treatment to obtaining a parasitological diagnosis prior to treatment. Microscopy, the classic standard, requires significant expertise, equipment, electricity, and reagents. Alternatively, RDT’s lower complexity allows utilization in austere environments while achieving similar sensitivities and specificities. Worldwide, there are over 200 different RDT brands that utilize three antigens: Plasmodium histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP-2), Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH), and Plasmodium aldolase (pALDO). pfHRP-2 is produced exclusively by Plasmodium falciparum and is very Pf sensitive, but an alternative antigen or antigen combination is required for regions like Asia with significant Plasmodium vivax prevalence. RDT sensitivity also decreases with low parasitemia (<100 parasites/uL), genetic variability, and prozone effect. Thus, proper RDT selection and understanding of test limitations are essential. The Center for Disease Control recommends confirming RDT results by microscopy, but this is challenging, due to the utilization of clinical laboratory standards, like the College of American Pathologists (CAP) and the Clinical Lab Improvement Act (CLIA), and limited recourses. Our focus is to provide quality assurance and quality control strategies for resource-constrained environments and provide education on RDT limitations.

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