Performance of Ag-ELISA in the diagnosis of Taenia solium cysticercosis in naturally infected pigs in Tanzania

Abstract Background Taenia solium is a zoonotic parasite responsible for neurocysticercosis—a major cause of late-onset acquired epilepsy in humans. Lack of affordable, specific and sensitive diagnostic tools hampers control of the parasite. This study assessed the performance of an antigen detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ag-ELISA) in the diagnosis of viable T. solium cysticercosis in naturally infected slaughter-age pigs in an endemic area in Tanzania. Methods A total of 350 pigs were bled before they were slaughtered and their carcases examined. Serum was analyzed for circulating antigens by using a monoclonal antibody-based B158/B60 Ag-ELISA. Each carcase was examined for the presence of Taenia hydatigena cysticerci and half carcase musculature together with the whole brain, head muscles, tongue, heart and diaphragm were sliced with fine cuts (< 0.5 cm) to reveal and enumerate T. solium cysticerci. Half carcase dissection can detect at least 84% of infected pigs. Prevalence and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated in Stata 12. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios were determined. Results Twenty–nine pigs (8.3%, 95% CI: 5.6–11.7%) had viable T. solium cysticerci while 11 pigs had T. hydatigena cysticerci (3.1%, 95% CI: 1.6–5.5%). No co-infection was observed. Sixty-eight pigs (19.4%, 95% CI: 15.4–20%) tested positive on Ag-ELISA; of these, 24 had T. solium cysticerci and 7 had T. hydatigena cysticerci. Sensitivity and specificity were determined to be 82.7% and 86.3%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 35.2% and 98.2%, respectively. Likelihood ratios for positive and negative Ag-ELISA test results were 6.0 and 0.2, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the titre of circulating antigens and intensity of T. solium cysticerci (r(348) = 0.63, P < 0.001). Conclusions The Ag-ELISA test characteristics reported in this study indicate that the test is more reliable in ruling out T. solium cysticercosis in pigs, than in confirming it. Hence, a negative result will almost certainly indicate that a pig has no infection, but a positive result should always be interpreted with caution. Estimates of T. solium prevalence based on Ag-ELISA results should, therefore, be adjusted for test performance characteristics and occurrence of T. hydatigena.

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Increased detection of schistosomiasis with Kato-Katz and SWAP-IgG-ELISA in a Northeastern Brazil low-intensity transmission area

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical ◽

10.1590/s0037-86822012000400019 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 510-513 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Teiliane Rodrigues Carneiro ◽

Marta Cristhiany Cunha Pinheiro ◽

Sara Menezes de Oliveira ◽

Ana Lúcia de Paula Hanemann ◽

José Ajax Nogueira Queiroz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serological Test ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serological Tests ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Transmission Area ◽

Elisa Technique ◽

Endemic Areas

INTRODUCTION: The laboratory diagnosis of schistosomiasis is based mainly on the detection of parasite eggs in stool samples through the Kato-Katz (KK) technique, reading one slide by test. However, a widely known limitation of parasitological methods is reduced sensitivity, particularly in low endemic areas. METHODS: To increase sensitivity, we conducted further slide readings from the same stool sample using the parasitological method associated with a serological test. We used the KK method (three slides) and the IgG anti-Schistosoma mansoni-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique to diagnose schistosomiasis in low endemic areas in the Brazilian State of Ceará. Fecal samples and sera from 250 individuals were analyzed. RESULTS: Sixteen percent and 47.2% of samples were positive in parasitological tests and serological tests, respectively. Parasitological methods showed that 32 (80%) individuals tested positive on the first slide, 6 (15%) on the second slide, and 2 (5%) on the third. The performance of the ELISA test in the diagnosis, using the KK method as diagnostic reference, showed a negative predictive value of 100%, with specificity and positive predictive values of 62.8% and 33.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the increase from one to three slides analyzed per sample using the KK technique was shown to be a useful procedure for increasing the diagnostic sensitivity of this technique.

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Performance of Serology Assays for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in a Clinical Setting

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00205-09 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 1576-1582 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Miriam Parizade ◽

Yoram Bujanover ◽

Batya Weiss ◽

Vered Nachmias ◽

Bracha Shainberg

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

High Risk ◽

Clinical Setting ◽

Test Performance ◽

Large Scale ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Chemiluminescence Assay ◽

Cutoff Points

ABSTRACT Diagnosis of celiac disease frequently depends upon serology assays. We set out to prospectively assess the diagnostic value of five serology tests: an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for tissue transglutaminase (tTG)-immunoglobulin A (IgA) and tTG-IgG, a chemiluminescence assay for tTG-IgA, an ELISA for deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) IgG and IgA screening, and detection of endomysial antibodies (Abs) by indirect immunofluorescence. One hundred sixteen children at high risk for developing celiac disease were evaluated clinically and underwent small bowel biopsies and blood serology tests. We examined differences between younger and older children in terms of clinical presentation, test performance, and the ability of high Ab levels to correctly predict diagnosis of celiac disease. Celiac disease was diagnosed for 85 (73%) children. No significant clinical differences were observed between the biopsy-positive and biopsy-negative groups. Children ≤3 years of age revealed higher concentrations of tTG-IgA and DGP Abs than children >3 years old (P = 0.017 and 0.007, respectively). High Ab concentrations were predictive of villous atrophies, with sensitivities ranging from 92.8% to 97.9%, depending on the assay and the cutoff points applied. Sensitivities, specificities, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values varied among assays and improved after correction for best cutoff points. Assay specificities obtained in the clinical setting were lower than expected. The new tTG-IgA chemiluminescence assay demonstrated high throughput but low specificity (74.2%). The tTG-IgA ELISA exhibited the highest test efficiency, and the tTG-IgA chemiluminescence assay was suitable for large-scale screening, with reduced specificity. High concentrations of celiac disease-specific Abs bring into question the need for performance of biopsies on children at high risk.

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Development of an immunobinding dot-blot assay as an alternative for the serodiagnosis of human cysticercosis

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x09270866 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 333-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. Hernández-Cruz ◽

J.J. González-Cabriales ◽

C. Ordaz-Pichardo ◽

N.I. de la Cruz-Hernández ◽

G.H. Flores-Gutiérrez

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Taenia Solium ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Diagnostic Validity ◽

Dot Blot ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Cysticercus Cellulosae ◽

Dot Blot Assay ◽

Antigen Protein

AbstractAn immunobinding dot-blot assay (DBA) was developed on nitrocellulose paper for the serodiagnosis of human cysticercosis, using Cysticercus cellulosae as antigen. The DBA had an immunological sensitivity of 0.08 mg of antigen protein/ml; however, it showed cross-reactions with antigens of adult Taenia solium and Echinococcus granulosus, but not with Toxoplasma gondii and Entamoeba histolytica antigens. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used as the gold standard for obtaining the diagnostic validity of the DBA, giving 84.61%, 100.00%, 100.00% and 97.98% for epidemiological sensitivity, epidemiological specificity and positive and negative predictive values, respectively. There were no statistical differences between the two tests (P < 0.05, kappa = 0.907). This study showed that DBA is an alternative method for the serodiagnosis of human cysticercosis.

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Temporal Course of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Positivity in Patients with COVID-19 following the First Clinical Presentation

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/9878453 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Martin Risch ◽

Myriam Weber ◽

Sarah Thiel ◽

Kirsten Grossmann ◽

Nadia Wohlwend ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Pretest Probability ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Blood Draw ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Negative Results ◽

Clinical Onset ◽

Operational Test ◽

Testing Approach

Knowledge of the sensitivities of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody tests beyond 35 days after the clinical onset of COVID-19 is insufficient. We aimed to describe positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 assays employing three different measurement principles over a prolonged period. Two hundred sixty-eight samples from 180 symptomatic patients with COVID-19 and a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test followed by serological investigation of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were included. We conducted three chemiluminescence (including electrochemiluminescence assay (ECLIA)), four enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and one lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) test formats. Positivity rates, as well as positive (PPVs) and negative predictive values (NPVs), were calculated for each week after the first clinical presentation for COVID-19. Furthermore, combinations of tests were assessed within an orthogonal testing approach employing two independent assays and predictive values were calculated. Heat maps were constructed to graphically illustrate operational test characteristics. During a follow-up period of more than 9 weeks, chemiluminescence assays and one ELISA IgG test showed stable positivity rates after the third week. With the exception of ECLIA, the PPVs of the other chemiluminescence assays were ≥95% for COVID-19 only after the second week. ELISA and LFIA had somewhat lower PPVs. IgM exhibited insufficient predictive characteristics. An orthogonal testing approach provided PPVs ≥ 95 % for patients with a moderate pretest probability (e.g., symptomatic patients), even for tests with a low single test performance. After the second week, NPVs of all but IgM assays were ≥95% for patients with low to moderate pretest probability. The confirmation of negative results using an orthogonal algorithm with another assay provided lower NPVs than the single assays. When interpreting results from SARS-CoV-2 tests, the pretest probability, time of blood draw, and assay characteristics must be carefully considered. An orthogonal testing approach increases the accuracy of positive, but not negative, predictions.

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Description and comparison of the performance of the upper lip bite test, the ratio of height to thyromental distance and other methods of preoperative airway assessment in a Nigerian population – a pilot study

Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia ◽

10.36303/sajaa.2019.25.5.a1 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 6-12

Author(s):

OF Dada ◽

AF Faponle ◽

AT Adenekan

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Upper Lip ◽

Likelihood Ratios ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Airway Assessment ◽

Assessment Tests ◽

Predictive Tests

Background: The ability to reliably predict difficult intubation can prevent airway related adverse outcomes. The upper lip bite test (ULBT) and ratio of height to thyromental distance (RHTMD) are airway predictive tests that have been evaluated in Caucasian populations with promising results. This study determined the test performance of the ULBT and RHTMD and compared with commonly employed predictive tests (modified Mallampati [MMT], thyromental distance [TMD] and inter-incisor gap [IIG]) in adult Nigerians. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Two hundred and sixteen consecutive, consenting ASA I-III patients presenting for surgery and planned for general anaesthesia with endotracheal intubation over a six month period in our teaching hospital, had all five airway assessment tests (ULBT, RHTMD, MMT, TMD and IIG) assessed preoperatively. The Cormack and Lehane grading was used to determine easy or difficult visualisation of the larynx (EVL or DVL). Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values and likelihood ratios of the tests were determined. Results: The sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative predictive values and positive and negative likelihood ratios respectively for the tests were: ULBT (11.8%, 99.0%, 50.0%, 92.9%, 11.71 and 0.89), RHTMD (35.3%, 92.5%, 28.6%, 94.4%, 4.68 and 0.70), TMD (29.4%, 97.5%, 50.0%, 94.2%, 11.71 and 0.72), MMT (52.9%, 86.4%, 25.0%, 95.6%, 3.90 and 0.54), and IIG (11.8%, 97.0%, 25.0%, 92.8%, 3.90 and 0.91). Conclusion: The modified Mallampati test had the highest sensitivity in this study, however all the tests evaluated showed only low to moderate sensitivity. The ULBT and RHTMD had low sensitivities in this population. However, based on the high positive likelihood ratios of the ULBT and the TMD, whenever positive, these tests do show a high probability of DVL and these two tests would probably perform similarly in this population. Anthropometric differences may account for differences in performance of preoperative airway assessment tests in various populations.

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Comparison of RPR and ELISA with TPHA for the Diagnosis of Syphilis: Implication for Updating Syphilis Point-of-Care Tests in Ethiopia

Journal of Immunology Research ◽

10.1155/2018/2978419 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Markos Negash ◽

Tadelo Wondmagegn ◽

Demeke Geremew

Keyword(s):

Transmitted Disease ◽

Treponema Pallidum ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Confirmatory Test ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Kappa Value ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

Background.Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the spirocheteTreponema pallidum, and it persists to be a major public health problem in Africa, including Ethiopia. Syphilis diagnosis is made by either nontreponemal or treponemal approaches, though in developing countries the diagnosis relies mostly on nonspecific tests due to several reasons. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and agreement of rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) withTreponema pallidumhemagglutination assay (TPHA) as a gold standard for the diagnosis of syphilis.Results. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of ECOTEST-RPR were 100%, 80.8%, 76.2%, and 100%, respectively. However, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of DIALAB-ELISA were 98.4%, 94.9%, 92.3%, and 98.9%, respectively. The agreement between DIALAB-ELISA and Randox-TPHA was excellent (kappa value: 0.96) as compared to ECOTEST-RPR and Randox-TPHA assay (kappa value: 0.88).Conclusion.We found a characteristically variable performance of DIALAB-ELISA test and the currently available traditional ECOTEST-RPR test in the study area. The use of ECOTEST-RPR as a diagnostic test is confronted by its false positivity. Thus, neither the ECOTEST-RPR nor the DIALAB-ELISA test stands on its own to be used either as screening or confirmatory test for syphilis diagnosis. Consequently, thorough studies should be conducted aiming on a change of the current diagnostic scheme in the community.

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Temporal course of SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity in patients with COVID-19 following the first clinical presentation

10.1101/2020.10.17.20214445 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martin Risch ◽

Myriam Weber ◽

Sarah Thiel ◽

Kirsten Grossmann ◽

Nadia Wohlwend ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Pretest Probability ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Blood Draw ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Negative Results ◽

Clinical Onset ◽

Operational Test ◽

Testing Approach

AbstractKnowledge of the sensitivities of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody tests beyond 35 days after the clinical onset of COVID-19 is insufficient. We aimed to describe positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 assays employing three different measurement principles over a prolonged period. Two hundred sixty-eight samples from 180 symptomatic patients with COVID-19 and a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test followed by serological investigation of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were included.. We conducted three chemiluminescence (including electrochemiluminscence, ECLIA), four enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and one lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) test formats. Positivity rates, as well as positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were calculated for each week after the first clinical presentation for COVID-19. Furthermore, combinations of tests were assessed within an orthogonal testing approach employing two independent assays and predictive values were calculated. Heat maps were constructed to graphically illustrate operational test characteristics. During a follow-up period of more than 9 weeks, chemiluminescence assays and one ELISA IgG test showed stable positivity rates after the third week. With the exception of ECLIA, the PPVs of the other chemiluminescence assays were ≥95% for COVID-19 only after the second week. ELISA and LFIA had somewhat lower PPVs. IgM exhibited insufficient predictive characteristics. An orthogonal testing approach provided PPVs ≥95% for patients with a moderate pretest probability (e.g., symptomatic patients), even for tests with a low single test performance. After the second week, NPVs of all but IgM assays were ≥95% for patients with low to moderate pretest probability. The confirmation of negative results using an orthogonal algorithm with another assay provided lower NPVs than the single assays. When interpreting results from SARS-CoV-2 tests, the pretest probability, time of blood draw and assay characteristics must be carefully considered. An orthogonal testing approach increases the accuracy of positive, but not negative, predictions.

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Clostridioides Difficile Toxin B (tcdB) Peptide Mimotope Antibody-capture Enzyme Immunoassay in the Detection of Colorectal Cancer

10.21203/rs.3.rs-153992/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Edrienne Myenna Magat ◽

Gregg Austine Balanag ◽

Ana Maria Cariño ◽

Allan Fellizar ◽

Teresa Sy-Ortin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Cell Epitope ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Likelihood Ratios ◽

Toxin B ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Diagnostic Parameters ◽

Clostridioides Difficile ◽

Peptide Antibody ◽

Antibody Capture

Abstract BACKGROUND: The role of certain gut microbes in the development of colorectal cancer has recently been understood. In our previous work, we have reported the reactivity of serum collected from CRC patients to peptide mimotopes of bacterial antigens associated with the development of CRC, hence, their potential in its detection. Here, we evaluate the diagnostic parameters of an anti- Clostridioides difficile toxin B (tcdB) peptide mimotope IgG and IgA antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the detection of CRC.METHODS: Prediction of the immunogenic epitopes of tcdB was made using the in silico B-cell epitope mapping tools available at the Immune Epitope Database and Analysis Resources (IEDB). Synthetic peptide analogs of the predicted epitopes which were used in the immunoassays were synthesized and purchased from Genscript (New Jersey, USA). Presence of anti-peptide IgG and IgA from serum collected from patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer were detected by a peptide antibody-capture indirect ELISA protocol developed in this study. Diagnostic parameters were computed. RESULTS: The amino acid position 1465 to 1474 of the reported sequence of tcdB (PDB Accession No. AGG91641.1) was predicted to be immunogenic. The peptide antibody-capture ELISA developed in this study gave diagnostic specificities of 94.9% and 97.4%, positive predictive values (PPV) of 86.6% and 93.3%, and likelihood ratios of 6.5 and 14.0 for IgG and IgA, respectively. Our results show the potential of the immunoassay designed in ruling in possibility of CRC during diagnosis.

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C-Reactive Protein Testing for Active Tuberculosis among Inpatients without HIV in Uganda: a Diagnostic Accuracy Study

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.02162-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. e02162-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amanda J. Meyer ◽

Emmanuel Ochom ◽

Patricia Turimumahoro ◽

Patrick Byanyima ◽

Ingvar Sanyu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Performance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Likelihood Ratios ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Predictive Values ◽

Content Type ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Triage Test

ABSTRACTThe objective of this prospective cross-sectional study, conducted at a national referral hospital in Kampala, Uganda, was to determine diagnostic performance of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) as a triage test for tuberculosis (TB) among HIV-seronegative inpatients. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and positive and negative predictive values to determine the diagnostic performance of a CRP enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (Eurolyser) in comparison to that of a reference standard of Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture on two sputum samples. We constructed receiver operating curves and reported performance in reference to the manufacturer’s cutoff and also to a threshold chosen to achieve sensitivity of >90%, in accordance with the WHO’s target-product profile for a triage test. Among 119 HIV-seronegative inpatients, 46 (39%) had culture-positive pulmonary TB. In reference to M. tuberculosis culture, CRP had a sensitivity of 78% (95% confidence interval [CI], 64 to 89%) and a specificity of 52% (95% CI, 40 to 64%) at the manufacturer’s threshold of 10 mg/liter. At a threshold of 1.5 mg/liter, the sensitivity was 91% (95% CI, 79 to 98%) but the specificity was only 21% (95% CI, 12 to 32%). Performance did not differ when stratified by illness severity at either threshold. In conclusion, among HIV-seronegative inpatients, CRP testing performed substantially below targets for a TB triage test. Additional studies among HIV-seronegative individuals in clinics and community settings are needed to assess the utility of CRP for TB screening.

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Cysticercosis in experimentally and naturally infected pigs: parasitological and immunological diagnosis

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-736x2012000400005 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 297-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Márcia R.M. da Silva ◽

Cibele N.S. Uyhara ◽

Flavio H. Silva ◽

Noeli M. Espindola ◽

Mirele D. Poleti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Infection ◽

Taenia Solium ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Elisa Test ◽

Infected Blood ◽

Immunological Diagnosis ◽

Circulating Antigens ◽

History Of ◽

Inspection Of The Tongue ◽

Local Farm

Our objective was to evaluate the diagnosis of swine cysticercosis by examining "ante mortem" (inspection of the tongue), "post mortem" (inspection and detailed necropsy) and ELISA for research in serum of antibodies (Ab-ELISA) and antigens (Ag-ELISA). Seven (7) pigs were experimentally infected orally with eggs of Taenia solium and another 10 were naturally infected. In the pigs experimentally infected, inspection of the tongue was negative in all animals, in the routine inspection detailed necropsy and cysticercis were identified in all of them. In pigs with heavy natural infection, inspection of the tongue identified cysticerci in two (20%), while at inspection with necropsy the parasites were identified in large quantities in all animals. In ELISA for antibody search (Ab-ELISA) TS-14 recombinant protein was used, and in search for antigen (Ag-ELISA) a monoclonal antibody against this protein. In animals experimentally infected, blood was collected weekly for 140 days. The Ab-ELISA identified an increase in titers of antibody to cysticerci 21 days after infection, and at the end of the experimental period six animals (86%) were positive to the test. The search for circulating antigens (Ag-ELISA) was positive in two pigs 28 to 91 days after infection. All naturally infected pigs were positive for Ag-ELISA and Ab-ELISA. The search for antibodies and antigens by ELISA in serum from 30 pigs of a local farm and without history of cysticercosis was negative. Thus, the use of TS-14 antigen in ELISA test (Ab-ELISA) can be useful for the diagnosis of cysticercosis in pigs with low infection.

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