scholarly journals Clonal diversity and detection of carbapenem resistance encoding genes among multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates recovered from patients and environment in two intensive care units in a Moroccan hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Uwingabiye ◽  
Abdelhay Lemnouer ◽  
Ignasi Roca ◽  
Tarek Alouane ◽  
Mohammed Frikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Clonal Diversity ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Encoding Genes

PREVALENCE OF CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII (CRAB) IN MEDICAL AND SURGICAL INTENSIVE CARE UNITS (ICUS) OF JPMC, KARACHI

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Surgical Intensive Care ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the research priorities of health organizations due to increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Outbreaks of nosocomial infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii (CRAB) strains are at rise worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance to carbapenems reduces clinical therapeutic choices and frequently led to treatment failure. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolated from patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute (BMSI), Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, from December 2016 to November 2017. Total 63 non-repetitive A. baumannii were collected from the patients’ specimens, admitted to medical and surgical ICUs and wards of JPMC, Karachi. The bacterial isolates were processed according to standard microbiological procedures to observe for carbapenem resistance. SPSS 21 was used for data analysis. Results: Out of the 63 patients, 40 (63.5%) were male. The age of the patient ranged from 15-85 year, with average of 43 year. 34.9% patients had been hospitalized for 3 days. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was present in highest number with average of 58.7% for morbidity. Number of patients on mechanical ventilation was highest (65.1%). All isolates were susceptible to colistin. The resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, piperacillin- tazobactam and meropenem was 82.5%, 81%, 100%, 87.3%, 82.5% and 82% respectively. Out of 82% CRAB, 77% were obtained from ICUs. Conclusion: This study has revealed the high rate of carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii isolates in ICUs thus leaving behind limited therapeutic options.

scholarly journals Horizontal transfer of OXA-23-carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter species in intensive care units at an academic complex hospital, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Khine Swe Swe-Han ◽  
Melendhran Pillay ◽  
Desmond Schnugh ◽  
Koleka P. Mlisana ◽  
Kamaldeen Baba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Pfge Typing ◽  
Class D

Introduction: Carbapenemase production is an important mechanism of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter species. This study investigated the presence of the carbapenem-hydrolysing class D β–lactamase- encoding genes, blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-58, and their association with the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter species in intensive care units at an academic hospital. Method: Forty-four MDR Acinetobacter species were confirmed using VITEK®2 and Epsilometer tests. The blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-58 genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in twenty-four selected isolates. The blaOXA-23 amplicons were sequenced and compared to the GenBank database. Genotypic relatedness of isolates was determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Clinical and laboratory data were analysed. Results: Among the twenty-four isolates, eighteen were carbapenem resistant and six were sensitive. The blaOXA-23 gene, but not blaOXA-58, was detected in the eighteen resistant strains. The blaOXA-23 amplicons showed 100% identity with the GenBank database of blaOXA-23. The MICs of carbapenems against Acinetobacter species carrying the blaOXA-23 gene were 8 to 16 μg/ml. Genetic relatedness was evident among isolates of seven pairs from fourteen patients. Of these patients, twelve were in the same ICUs and two were adjacent to another ICU during the same hospitalisation period. Conclusion: The selected MDR Acinetobacter species carried the blaOXA-23 gene responsible for resistance to carbapenems, while molecular and clinical data analysis suggested horizontal transmission in ICUs. In addition, the PFGE typing of a diverse collection of MDR Acinetobacter species clones showed that isolates were related to no more than two patients, suggesting that no outbreak had occurred.

Emergence of blaOXA-Carrying Carbapenem Resistance in Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the Intensive Care Unit

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sareh Bagheri Josheghani ◽  
Rezvan Moniri ◽  
Farzaneh Firoozeh ◽  
Mojtaba Sehat ◽  
Kamran Dastehgoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant

scholarly journals Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated in Algerian hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1395-1401
Author(s):  
Nabila Benamrouche ◽  
Ourida Lafer ◽  
Lahcen Benmahdi ◽  
Akila Benslimani ◽  
Wahiba Amhis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Phenotypic And Genotypic Characterization

Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the drug-resistance and the molecular characterization of carbapenemases, ESBL, and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes among Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Algerian hospitals. Methodology: A total of 92 A. baumannii isolates were collected between 2012 and 2016. Antimicrobial susceptibility testings were performed for β-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, rifampicin and colistin. The phenotypic characterization of β-lactamases was investigated. For 30 randomly targeted strains, the carriage of the carbapenemases, ESBL and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes -encoding genes was determined by PCR. Sequencing was carried out for carbapenemases and ESBL genes. Results: Most of the 92 isolates studied were recovered from hospitalized patients (93.5%) and were mainly from intensive care units (51.1%) and orthopedics (19.6%). The strains were collected primarily from low respiratory tract (33.7%), wounds (23.9%) and urine (16.3%). Multidrug-resistant A. baumannii strains were prevalent (96.7%). High rates of resistance were observed for almost all antibiotics tested (>70%) excluding rifampicin (7.6%) and colistin (5.4%). For the five colistin-resistant strains, MICs ranged between 4 and 128 µg/mL. Positive MBL (83.7%) and ESBL (23.9%) strains were identified. Regarding β-lactams, the blaNDM and both blaSHV and blaCTX-M1 genes were detected in five and two strains respectively. Sequencing of the genes revealed the presence of blaNDM-1, blaCTX-M-15, and blaSHV-33. For aminoglycosides, aac(6’)-Ib, ant(2’’)-I and aph(3’)-VI genes were detected in three, seven and six strains respectively. Conclusions: Here, we report the first co-occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases SHV-33 and CTX-M-15, the carbapenemase NDM-1 and the emergence of colistin-resistant A. baumannii in Algerian hospitals.

Clinical Impacts of a Single Clone (Sequence Type 92) of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Intensive Care Units

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Taek Heo ◽  
Won Sup Oh ◽  
Sun-Joo Kim ◽  
In Gyu Bae ◽  
Kwan Soo Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Clone Sequence ◽  
Single Clone
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