scholarly journals Current trends in leather science

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. Covington ◽  
William R. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Vegetable Tanning ◽  
Sulfide Species

Abstract In preparing the second edition of ‘Tanning Chemistry. The Science of Leather.’, the literature was updated and the content was revised and reviewed. Here, the new findings are presented and discussed. Notable developments include the necessary rethinking of the mechanism of sulfide unhairing because of new understanding of the aqueous chemistry of sulfide species. Revision upwards of the value of the second pKa for sulfide species ionisation means that S2− cannot exist in an aqueous medium, so the unhairing species in hair burn reactions is HS−. Although the technology remains the same, this means the mechanisms of associated reactions such as immunisation must be revised. Rawstock preservation has benefitted from studies of the potential role of materials from plants which accumulate salt, but which also contribute terpene compounds. There is also further discussion on the continuing issue of chromium (VI) in the leather industry. The application to processing of new solvents, ionic liquids and deep eutectics, is the coming technology, which offers transforming options for new chemistries and products. Renewed interest in vegetable tanning and methods of wet white processing are current trends. Also, within the topic of reagent delivery is processing in a solid medium of plastic beads. Graphical abstract

The potential role of hydrogen bonding in aprotic and protic ionic liquids

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (39) ◽  
pp. 8790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Fumino ◽  
Alexander Wulf ◽  
Ralf Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Protic Ionic Liquids

scholarly journals Non-survivor patients with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction showed persistently high serum malondialdehyde levels

BMC Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Lorente ◽  
María M. Martín ◽  
Pedro Abreu-González ◽  
Rafael Sabatel ◽  
Luis Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Mortality Prediction ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction ◽  
Acute Infarction ◽  
New Findings

Abstract Objective Previously there have been found higher circulating malondialdehyde levels during the first week of ischemic stroke in patients with worst neurological functional outcome, and at moment of ischemic stroke in non-survivor patients. Thus, the aim of our study was to determine the potential role of serum malondialdehyde levels during the first week of a severe cerebral infarction to mortality prediction. Methods This study was observational, prospective, and multicenter. We included patients with a severe malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) defined as patients with computed tomography showing acute infarction in more than of 50% of the territory and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) lower than 9. We determined serum concentrations of malondialdehyde on days 1, 4 and 8 of MMCAI. Results Serum malondialdehyde concentrations at days 1 (p < 0.001), 4 (p < 0.001), and 8 (p = 0.001) of MMCAI in non-survivor patients (n = 34) were higher than in survivor patients (n = 34). ROC curve analyses showed that serum malondialdehyde concentrations at days 1, 4, and 8 of MMCAI had an AUC (95% CI) to predict 30-day mortality of 0.77 (0.65–0.86; p < 0.001), 0.82 (0.69–0.91; p < 0.001) and 0.84 (0.70–0.93; p < 0.001) respectively. Conclusions The new findings of our study were that serum malondialdehyde levels during the first week of MMCAI could be used as biomarkers to mortality prediction.

Deletion of TerD-domain-encoding genes: effect on Streptomyces coelicolor development

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1221-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Édith Sanssouci ◽  
Sylvain Lerat ◽  
François Daigle ◽  
Gilles Grondin ◽  
François Shareck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Streptomyces Coelicolor ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
Small Colony ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Actinorhodin Production

TerD-domain-encoding genes (tdd genes) are highly represented in the Streptomyces coelicolor genome. One of these, the tdd8 gene, was recently shown to have a crucial influence on growth, differentiation, and spore development of this filamentous bacterium. The investigation of the potential role of tdd genes has been extended here to tdd7 (SCO2367) and tdd13 (SCO4277). Both genes are highly expressed in bacteria grown in liquid-rich medium (tryptic soy broth). However, the deletion of these genes in S. coelicolor showed contrasting effects regarding developmental patterns, sporulation, and antibiotic production. Deletion of the tdd7 gene induced a reduction of growth in liquid medium, wrinkling of the mycelium on solid medium, and poor spore and actinorhodin production. On the other hand, deletion of the tdd13 gene did not significantly affect growth in liquid medium but induced a small colony phenotype on solid medium with abundant sporulation and overproduction of undecylprodigiosin. Although their exact functions remain undefined, the present data suggest a major involvement of TerD proteins in the proper development of S. coelicolor.

Nicotine:  On the Potential Role of Ionic Liquids for Its Processing and Purification

2007 ◽  
Vol 111 (28) ◽  
pp. 7934-7937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran P. Visak ◽  
Susana Lucas Yague ◽  
José N. Canongia Lopes ◽  
Luis Paulo N. Rebelo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Potential Role

scholarly journals A Review of Eco-Friendly Preservative and Bio-Tannin Materials Using Powdered Barks of Local Plants for the Processing of Goatskin

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Franco John Unango ◽  
Ramesh Duraisamy ◽  
Karthikeyan M Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Chrome Tanning ◽  
Local Plants ◽  
Vegetable Tanning ◽  
Chromium Salt ◽  
Salt Preservation

Skin is a raw material which is considered as the heart of leather making process. Skin falls vulnerable upon the flayed of the animals and is seriously invaded by bacteria if it is not well protected. Curing and preservation of raw stock resist putrefaction and reserve leather quality. Worldwide, most commonly used skin preservation is by using table salt which is accused of polluting the environment by increasing soil salinity, affecting water body, releasing more than 40% dissolved solids and 55% chlorides etc. Further, on the side of leather tanning, 80-90% of all leathers is manufactured by tanning with basic chromium (III) salt, because of its excellent features and is also solemnly accused that; its safety record is cautionary, uncontrolled emission of chromium (VI) and it is a limited natural resources. Pollution control authorities of many countries are imposed severe restrictions on both salt preservation and chrome tanning forcing the tanners and researchers to look for possible alternative ways that are naturally abundant, easily obtainable, low priced, eco-friendly and offer competitive with existing tanned leather performances. The critical reviewed was targeting the recent alternatives trends to skin/hides salt preservation as well as vegetable tanning as a possible way to replace the use of basic chromium salt for the sustainability of leather industry and to further suggest another preservative and vegetable plant to be used in future studies.

The role of helper innate lymphoid cells in cancer

Immunotherapy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1067-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunfeng Hu ◽  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Immune Cells ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Tumor Development ◽  
Innate Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis ◽  
Basic Features

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are an emerging family of innate immune cells and have been found to have an important role in infection, inflammation and tissue repair. In particular, recent work has identified significant alterations of ILC responses in tumor patients, suggesting potential roles of ILCs in tumor development. In this paper, we have focused on the basic features of ILCs and their interaction with other immune cells. Importantly, as the role of cytotoxic natural killer cells, assigned to ILC1 family, in cancer has been well established, we have summarized the new findings that showcase the potential role and mechanism of helper ILCs in different tumors. Helper ILCs might promote or inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, which depends on tumor type and ILC subset.

scholarly journals Microextractions in forensic toxicology: The potential role of ionic liquids

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Marieke De Boeck ◽  
Wim Dehaen ◽  
Jan Tytgat ◽  
Eva Cuypers
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Forensic Toxicology

POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

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