First-episode schizophrenia: review of cognitive deficits and cognitive remediation

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Vishnu Gopal ◽  
Hannele Variend
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Psychological Techniques ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

The presence of cognitive deficits in schizophrenic illness has been extensively documented, and deficits in memory and executive functioning may be related to poor prognosis. Targeting these deficits during the early phase has potential benefits. The neural basis for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia is not well understood, and hence pharmacological interventions alone are insufficient. Future strategies should focus on pharmacological interventions combined with psychological techniques such as cognitive remediation. This review summarises recent findings relating to first-episode schizophrenia.

Cortical morphometric correlational networks associated with cognitive deficits in first episode schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 179-188
Author(s):  
Chencai Wang ◽  
Talia Oughourlian ◽  
Todd A. Tishler ◽  
Faizan Anwar ◽  
Catalina Raymond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
First Episode ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Cognitive deficits and its relation with psychopathology and global functioning in first episode schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 537-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shantala Hegde ◽  
Jagadhisha Thirthalli ◽  
Shobini L. Rao ◽  
Ahalya Raguram ◽  
Mariamma Philip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Global Functioning ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Cognitive Deficits in First Episode Schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
S. Galderisi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Psychosis ◽  
Baseline Evaluation ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Cognitive deficits are increasingly recognized as key features of schizophrenia, important determinants of poor psychosocial outcome and targets for treatment strategies. The huge literature on the topic made it clear that cognitive impairment is present in the majority of subjects with schizophrenia, is not an epiphenomenon of symptoms, is a risk factor for psychotic disorders and seems to contribute to poor functional outcome more than symptoms. However, relationships of cognitive impairment with symptoms, drug treatment and duration of untreated psychosis remain controversial and studies involving large cohorts of first episode schizophrenia patients are highly needed to address these topics adequately. The European First Episode Schizophrenia Trial collected demographic, clinical, psychosocial and cognitive baseline data in 498 first episode patients with schizophrenia, schizophreniform or schizoaffective disorder, with minimal or no prior exposure to antipsychotics, and in 220 healthy subjects, comparable with patients for age, sex, race and education level of parents. Z scores of the examined cognitive abilities (number of standard deviations below the comparison group means) ranged from -0.88 to -1.73. No association was found between the duration of untreated psychosis and cognitive impairment. Psychopathological dimensions were weakly correlated with cognitive impairment both at baseline evaluation and after six months of treatment.According to EUFEST findings, cognitive impairment in patients with first-episode schizophrenia is moderate/severe, has no association with the duration of untreated psychosis, involves several domains of cognition, and is largely independent from psychopathology.

scholarly journals An fMRI study of cognitive remediation in drug-naïve subjects diagnosed with first episode schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Furtner ◽  
Veronika Schöpf ◽  
Andreas Erfurth ◽  
Gabriele Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Number Of Clusters ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Summary Objective The purpose of our functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was to examine brain activity using a “1-back” paradigm as working memory task in drug-naïve subjects with first episode schizophrenia before and after cognitive remediation training. Methods In this study 15 drug-naïve first episode subjects who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia were randomized to receive either atypical antipsychotics (AP, n = 8) or atypical antipsychotics in combination with cognitive remediation therapy (AP + CR, n = 7), 11 subjects had a follow-up fMRI examination after therapy (AP, n = 5; AP + CR, n = 6). Results In 4 of the 6 AP + CR subjects the number of activation clusters increased, whereas in 4 out of the 5 AP subjects the number of clusters decreased (mean number of clusters: AP + CR = 5.53, SD 12.79, AP = −5.8, SD 6.9). Conclusion In this randomized study the number of activation clusters during a working memory task increased after cognitive remediation training. Our data show that neurobiological effects of cognitive remediation can be identified in the very early course of schizophrenia.

scholarly journals West London first-episode study of schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. E. Barnes ◽  
S. B. Hutton ◽  
M. J. Chapman ◽  
S. Mutsatsa ◽  
B. K. Puri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Social Variables ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Attentional Set Shifting ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Oculomotor Function ◽  
Initial Drug

BackgroundStudies in schizophrenia suggest that a longer initial period of untreated illness is associated with a poorer clinical outcome.AimsTo determine whether, in first-episode schizophrenia, a longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) or of untreated illness (DUI) (DUP plus any prodrome) is associated with clinical variables that could mediate a poor prognosis.MethodClinical, social, neuropsychological and oculomotor function data on 53 patients with first-episode schizophrenia were related to the DUP and DUI.ResultsComparing short and long DUP groups split around the median showed no statistically significant differences (except age); patients in the latter group tended to perform worse on an executive attentional set-shifting task, and were more likely to be unemployed, and living alone or homeless.ConclusionsThere was little evidence of any association between either DUP or DUI and progressive deterioration in the schizophrenic illness or the development of resistance to initial drug treatment. Social variables that augur a poor prognosis may be associated with delayed presentation of schizophrenia to psychiatric services.

Cognitive deficits in clinical and familial high risk groups for psychosis are common as in first episode schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 151 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alp Üçok ◽  
Neşe Direk ◽  
Ahmet Koyuncu ◽  
Yasemin Keskin-Ergen ◽  
Çağrı Yüksel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
First Episode ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
Familial High Risk

Fronto-parietal white matter microstructural deficits are linked to performance IQ in a first-episode schizophrenia Han Chinese sample

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 2047-2056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Wang ◽  
C. Cheung ◽  
W. Deng ◽  
M. Li ◽  
C. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Core Deficit ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

BackgroundEvidence shows that cognitive deficits and white matter (WM) dysconnectivity can independently be associated with clinical manifestations in schizophrenia. It is important to explore this triadic relationship in order to investigate whether the triplet could serve as potential extended endophenotypes of schizophrenia.MethodDiffusion tensor images and clinical performances were evaluated in 122 individuals with first-episode schizophrenia and 122 age- and gender-matched controls. In addition, 65 of 122 of the patient group and 40 of 122 controls were measured using intelligence quotient (IQ) testing.ResultsThe schizophrenia group showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values than controls in the right cerebral frontal lobar sub-gyral (RFSG) WM. The schizophrenia group also showed a significant positive correlation between FA in the RFSG and performance IQ (PIQ); in turn, their PIQ score showed a significant negative correlation with negative syndromes.ConclusionsOverall, these findings support the hypothesis that WM deficits may be a core deficit that contributes to cognitive deficits as well as to negative symptoms.

scholarly journals Untreated Initial Psychosis: Relation to Cognitive Deficits and Brain Morphology in First-Episode Schizophrenia

2003 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beng-Choon Ho ◽  
Daniel Alicata ◽  
Julianna Ward ◽  
David J. Moser ◽  
Daniel S. O’Leary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
First Episode ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia
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