scholarly journals Impact of childhood abuse on the clinical course of bipolar disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Garno ◽  
Joseph F. Goldberg ◽  
Paul Michael Ramirez ◽  
Barry A. Ritzler
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Rapid Cycling ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundFew investigations have examined the impact of childhood trauma, and domains of childhood abuse, on outcome in bipolar disorder.AimsTo evaluate the prevalence and subtypes of childhood abuse reported by adult patients with bipolar disorder and relationshipto clinical outcome.MethodPrevalence rates of childhood abuse were retrospectively assessed and examined relative to illness complexity in a sample of 100 patients at an academic specialty centre for the treatment of bipolar disorder.ResultsHistories of severe childhood abuse were identified in about half of the sample and were associated with early age at illness onset. Abuse subcategories were strongly inter-related. Severe emotional abuse was significantly associated with lifetime substance misuse comorbidity and past-year rapid cycling. Logistic regression indicated a significant association between lifetime suicide attempts and severe childhood sexual abuse. Multiple forms of abuse showed a graded increase in risk for both suicide attempts and rapid cycling.ConclusionsSevere childhood trauma appears to have occurred in about half of patients with bipolar disorder, and may lead to more complex psychopathological manifestations.

scholarly journals Explaining why childhood abuse is a risk factor for poorer clinical course in bipolar disorder: a path analysis of 923 people with bipolar I disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (14) ◽  
pp. 2346-2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Marwaha ◽  
Paul M. Briley ◽  
Amy Perry ◽  
Phillip Rankin ◽  
Arianna DiFlorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Rapid Cycling ◽  
Bipolar I Disorder ◽  
Affective Instability

AbstractBackgroundChildhood abuse is a risk factor for poorer illness course in bipolar disorder, but the reasons why are unclear. Trait-like features such as affective instability and impulsivity could be part of the explanation. We aimed to examine whether childhood abuse was associated with clinical features of bipolar disorder, and whether associations were mediated by affective instability or impulsivity.MethodsWe analysed data from 923 people with bipolar I disorder recruited by the Bipolar Disorder Research Network. Adjusted associations between childhood abuse, affective instability and impulsivity and eight clinical variables were analysed. A path analysis examined the direct and indirect links between childhood abuse and clinical features with affective instability and impulsivity as mediators.ResultsAffective instability significantly mediated the association between childhood abuse and earlier age of onset [effect estimate (θ)/standard error (SE): 2.49], number of depressive (θ/SE: 2.08) and manic episodes/illness year (θ/SE: 1.32), anxiety disorders (θ/SE: 1.98) and rapid cycling (θ/SE: 2.25). Impulsivity significantly mediated the association between childhood abuse and manic episodes/illness year (θ/SE: 1.79), anxiety disorders (θ/SE: 1.59), rapid cycling (θ/SE: 1.809), suicidal behaviour (θ/SE: 2.12) and substance misuse (θ/SE: 3.09). Measures of path analysis fit indicated an excellent fit to the data.ConclusionsAffective instability and impulsivity are likely part of the mechanism of why childhood abuse increases risk of poorer clinical course in bipolar disorder, with each showing some selectivity in pathways. They are potential novel targets for intervention to improve outcome in bipolar disorder.

Initial evidence for sex-specific effects of early emotional abuse on affective processing in bipolar disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Russo ◽  
R. Proujansky ◽  
A. Gilbert ◽  
R.J. Braga ◽  
K.E. Burdick
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Affective Processing ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Bipolar Patients

AbstractPurposeThis study investigates the effect of sex and childhood trauma on affective processing in bipolar disorder (BPD) patients.MethodsIn a sample of fifty-six BPD patients, we administered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Affective Go/No-Go (AGNG) to measure affective processing. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effect of sex and childhood trauma on IGT; Repeated-Measures ANOVAs to measure accuracy and bias measures across conditions on the AGNG.ResultsIn the context of childhood abuse, females evidenced a more conservative cognitive style than males by selecting fewer cards from the disadvantageous decks [F(1, 49) = 14.218;P< 0.001] and showed an improvement throughout the task, as noted in a normal learning curve [F(1.49) = 4.385;P= 0.041)]. For the AGNG, an interaction specific to the negative valence stimuli on response bias measures was found. Abused females scored higher (mean = 8.38; SD = 6.39) than abused males (mean = 0.69; SD = 1.19) [F(1.46) = 6.348;P= 0.015].ConclusionSeverity of childhood trauma was significantly different between sexes. In the context of a history of emotional abuse, male bipolar patients tended toward a more risk-taking behavior compared to female. Further investigations are needed to elucidate potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this interaction.

475. Gender Differences in the Impact of Childhood Trauma on Impulsive Behaviors and Suicide Attempts in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. S193-S194
Author(s):  
Jair Soares ◽  
Fadwa Cazala ◽  
Isabelle E. Bauer ◽  
Danielle Spiker ◽  
Giovana Zunta-Soares
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Pediatric Bipolar Disorder ◽  
The Impact

Reported childhood trauma, attempted suicide and self-mutilative behavior among women in the general population

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamze Akyuz ◽  
Vedat Sar ◽  
Nesim Kugu ◽  
Orhan Doğan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
General Population ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Dissociative Experiences Scale ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Central Turkey

AbstractThis study attempted to determine the prevalence of childhood trauma among women in the general population as assessed in a representative sample from a city in central Turkey. The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES) was administered to 628 women in 500 homes. They were also asked for childhood abuse and/or neglect. DES was administered to 251 probands. Mean age of the probands was 34.8 ± 11.5 years (range 18–65). Sixteen women (2.5%) reported sexual abuse, 56 women (8.9%) physical abuse, and 56 women (8.9%) emotional abuse in childhood. The most frequently reported childhood trauma was neglect (n = 213, 33.9%). The prevalence of suicide attempts was 4.5% (n = 28). Fourteen probands (2.2%) reported self-mutilative behavior.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Status Moderates the Impact of Emotional but not Physical Childhood Abuse on Women’s Sleep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Currie ◽  
Erin K. Higa ◽  
Lisa-Marie Swanepoel
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Physical Child Abuse ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA recent systematic review highlighted associations between childhood abuse and adult sleep quality, and the need for research focused specifically on women and the role of moderating variables. The objectives of the present study were (1) to assess the impact of frequent physical and emotional child abuse on adult sleep among women; and (2) to assess the role that childhood socioeconomic status (SES) could play in moderating these associations. In-person data were collected from women living in a mid-sized city in western Canada in 2019–2020 (N = 185; M age = 40 years). Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Physical and emotional abuse experienced often or very often in childhood were assessed using single items (yes or no). Childhood SES was assessed by a single item and dichotomized at the sample median. Linear regression models examined associations between each form of abuse and continuous adult sleep quality score adjusted for covariates. Statistically significant interactions were stratified and examined by child SES group. Frequent physical and emotional childhood abuse were each associated with clinically and statistically significant increases in past-month sleep problem scores among women in adjusted models. This association was moderated by childhood SES for emotional child abuse, but not physical child abuse. Findings suggest that growing up in an upper-middle to upper SES household may buffer the adverse impact of frequent emotional child abuse on later adult sleep, but may not promote resilience in the context of frequent physical child abuse. 

scholarly journals Dissecting clinical heterogeneity of bipolar disorder using multiple polygenic risk scores

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon J. Coombes ◽  
Matej Markota ◽  
J. John Mann ◽  
Colin Colby ◽  
Eli Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Rapid Cycling ◽  
Clinical Heterogeneity ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dsm Iv

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) has high clinical heterogeneity, frequent psychiatric comorbidities, and elevated suicide risk. To determine genetic differences between common clinical sub-phenotypes of BD, we performed a systematic PRS analysis using multiple polygenic risk scores (PRSs) from a range of psychiatric, personality, and lifestyle traits to dissect differences in BD sub-phenotypes in two BD cohorts: the Mayo Clinic BD Biobank (N = 968) and Genetic Association Information Network (N = 1001). Participants were assessed for history of psychosis, early-onset BD, rapid cycling (defined as four or more episodes in a year), and suicide attempts using questionnaires and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. In a combined sample of 1969 bipolar cases (45.5% male), those with psychosis had higher PRS for SCZ (OR = 1.3 per S.D.; p = 3e-5) but lower PRSs for anhedonia (OR = 0.87; p = 0.003) and BMI (OR = 0.87; p = 0.003). Rapid cycling cases had higher PRS for ADHD (OR = 1.23; p = 7e-5) and MDD (OR = 1.23; p = 4e-5) and lower BD PRS (OR = 0.8; p = 0.004). Cases with a suicide attempt had higher PRS for MDD (OR = 1.26; p = 1e-6) and anhedonia (OR = 1.22; p = 2e-5) as well as lower PRS for educational attainment (OR = 0.87; p = 0.003). The observed novel PRS associations with sub-phenotypes align with clinical observations such as rapid cycling BD patients having a greater lifetime prevalence of ADHD. Our findings confirm that genetic heterogeneity underlies the clinical heterogeneity of BD and consideration of genetic contribution to psychopathologic components of psychiatric disorders may improve genetic prediction of complex psychiatric disorders.

Foundations of posttraumatic stress disorder: Does early life trauma lead to adult posttraumatic stress disorder?

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura C. Pratchett ◽  
Rachel Yehuda
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Early Life Trauma ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe effects of childhood abuse are diverse, and although pathology is not the only outcome, psychiatric illness, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), can develop. However, adult PTSD is less common among those who experienced single-event traumas as children than it is among those who experienced childhood abuse. In addition, PTSD is more common among adults than children who experienced childhood abuse. Such evidence raises doubt about the direct, causal link between childhood trauma and adult PTSD. The experience of childhood trauma, and in particular abuse, has been identified as a risk factor for subsequent development of PTSD following exposure to adult trauma, and a substantial literature identifies revictimization as a factor that plays a pivotal role in this trajectory. The literature on the developmental effects of childhood abuse and pathways to revictimization, when considered in tandem with the biological effects of early stress in animal models, may provide some explanations for this. Specifically, it seems possible that permanent sensitization of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and behavioral outcomes are a consequence of childhood abuse, and these combine with the impact of retraumatization to sustain, perpetuate, and amplify symptomatology of those exposed to maltreatment in childhood.

scholarly journals Childhood adversity and clinical and psychosocial outcomes in psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Turner ◽  
C. Harvey ◽  
L. Hayes ◽  
D. Castle ◽  
C. Galletly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Psychosocial Stressor ◽  
Illness Onset

Abstract Aims Associations between childhood abuse and various psychotic illnesses in adulthood are commonly reported. We aim to examine associations between several reported childhood adverse events (sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect and interpersonal loss) among adults with diagnosed psychotic disorders and clinical and psychosocial outcomes. Methods Within a large epidemiological study, the 2010 Australian National Survey of Psychosis (Survey of High Impact Psychosis, SHIP), we used logistic regression to model childhood adverse events (any and specific types) on 18 clinical and psychosocial outcomes. Results Eighty percent of SHIP participants (1466/1825) reported experiencing adverse events in childhood (sexual abuse, other types of abuse and interpersonal loss). Participants reporting any form of childhood adversity had higher odds for 12/18 outcomes we examined. Significant associations were observed with all psychosocial outcomes (social dysfunction, victimisation, offending and homelessness within the previous 12 months, and definite psychosocial stressor within 12 months of illness onset), with the strongest association for homelessness (odds ratio (OR) = 2.82). Common across all adverse event types was an association with lifetime depression, anxiety and a definite psychosocial stressor within 12 months of illness onset. When adverse event types were non-hierarchically coded, sexual abuse was associated with 11/18 outcomes, other types of abuse 13/18 and, interpersonal loss occurring in the absence of other forms of abuse was associated with fewer of the clinical and psychosocial outcomes, 4/18. When adverse events types were coded hierarchically (to isolate the effect of interpersonal loss in the absence of abuse), interpersonal loss was associated with lower odds of self-reproach (OR = 0.70), negative syndrome (OR = 0.75) and victimisation (OR = 0.82). Conclusions Adverse childhood experiences among people with psychosis are common, as are subsequent psychosocial stressors. Mental health professionals should routinely enquire about all types of adversities in this group and provide effective service responses. Childhood abuse, including sexual abuse, may contribute to subsequent adversity, poor psychosocial functioning and complex needs among people with psychosis. Longitudinal research to better understand these relationships is needed, as are studies which evaluate the effectiveness of preventative interventions in high-risk groups.

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