Water Management with Hedgerow Agroforestry Systems

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly McIntyre ◽  
Susan Riha
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Agroforestry Systems

scholarly journals Deep-drainage control and yield: the trade-off between trees and crops in agroforestry systems in the medium to low rainfall areas of Australia

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Oliver ◽  
E. C. Lefroy ◽  
R. Stirzaker ◽  
C. L. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Deep Drainage ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Trade Off

In the dryland cropping areas of southern Australia, at risk from dryland salinity, tree belts can improve water management by taking up water unused by crops, with the risk that crop yield will be reduced through competition. As there are few direct markets for tree products grown in the medium to low rainfall areas, the design of agroforestry systems becomes important in reducing the trade-off in crop yield. This study examined some factors that influence the trade-off between crop yield and deep-drainage control in order to develop design guidelines for medium to low rainfall agroforestry. Twenty-one sites in the grain-growing region of Western Australia and southern New South Wales were surveyed over 2 years for crop yields, tree leaf area index, and estimated recharge, providing data from 32 tree–crop interfaces on the relative influence of environmental factors and farming system characteristics on the trade-off between water management and crop yield. The factors most strongly correlated with higher yields were water-gaining sites, orientation that provided shelter from southerly to north-westerly (S, SW, W, NW) winds, and tree age (<10 years). The factors most strongly correlated with the area of cropped land protected against deep drainage were tree age (>10 years), lighter soil types, and low rainfall (<400 mm). Economic analysis of the trade-off required to produce a particular deep-drainage reduction target produced 3 groups of sites: (1) those where trees resulted in a gross margin increase of $15/ha and an estimated deep-drainage reduction of 52% (n = 3), (2) those with a gross margin loss of $49/ha and estimated deep-drainage reduction of 47% (n = 11), and (3) those with a gross margin loss of $163/ha and a deep-drainage reduction of 37% (n = 18). None of the 3 sites in the first group were in the most favourable class in both years, highlighting the vulnerability of a relatively fixed farming system to climate variability.

scholarly journals Climate Change Projections of Aridity Conditions in the Iberian Peninsula

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Andrade ◽  
Joana Contente ◽  
João Andrade Santos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
La Mancha

The assessment of aridity conditions is a key factor for water management and the implementation of mitigation and adaptation policies in agroforestry systems. Towards this aim three aridity indices were computed for the Iberian Peninsula (IP): the De Martonne Index (DMI), the Pinna Combinative Index (PCI), and the Erin&ccedil; Aridity Index (EAI). These three indices were first computed for the baseline period 1961‒1990, using a gridded observational data (E-OBS), and, subsequently, for the periods 2011‒2040 (short-range) and 2041‒2070 (medium-range) using an ensemble of six Regional Climate Models (RCMs) experiments generated by the EURO-CORDEX project. Two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) were analyzed, an intermediate anthropogenic radiative forcing scenario (RCP4.5) and a fossil-intensive emission scenario (RCP8.5). Overall, the three indices disclose a strengthening of aridity and dry conditions in central and southern Iberia until 2070, mainly under RCP8.5. Strong(weak) statistically significant correlations were found between these indices and the total mean precipitation (mean temperature) along with projected significant decreasing(increasing) trends for precipitation(temperature). The prevalence of years with arid conditions (above 70% for 2041‒2070 under both RCPs) are projected to have major impacts in some regions, such as southern Portugal, Extremadura, Castilla-La Mancha, Comunidad de Madrid, Andaluc&iacute;a, Regi&oacute;n de Murcia, Comunidad Valenciana, and certain regions within the Arag&oacute;n province. The projected increase in both the intensity and persistence of aridity conditions in a broader southern half of Iberia will exacerbate the exposure and vulnerability of this region to climate change, while the risk of multi-level desertification should be thoroughly integrated into regional and national water management and planning.

scholarly journals Land and Water Management In Pineapple and Sengon Agroforestry Systems in Peatland

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Imanudin M.S. ◽  
Satria JP ◽  
M. Said ◽  
Rahmat Romadhon
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Land And Water Management

scholarly journals Climate Change Projections of Aridity Conditions in the Iberian Peninsula

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2035
Author(s):  
Cristina Andrade ◽  
Joana Contente ◽  
João Andrade Santos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Aridity Index ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
La Mancha

The assessment of aridity conditions is a key factor for water management and the implementation of mitigation and adaptation policies in agroforestry systems. Towards this aim, three aridity indices were computed for the Iberian Peninsula (IP): the De Martonne Index (DMI), the Pinna Combinative Index (PCI), and the Erinç Aridity Index (EAI). These three indices were first computed for the baseline period 1961‒1990, using gridded observational data (E-OBS), and subsequently, for the periods 2011‒2040 (short range) and 2041‒2070 (medium range), using an ensemble of six regional climate model (RCM) experiments generated by the EURO-CORDEX project. Two representative concentration pathways (RCPs) were analyzed, an intermediate anthropogenic radiative forcing scenario (RCP4.5) and a fossil-intensive emission scenario (RCP8.5). Overall, the three indices disclose a strengthening of aridity and dry conditions in central and southern Iberia until 2070, mainly under RCP8.5. Strong (weak) statistically significant correlations were found between these indices and the total mean precipitation (mean temperature) along with projected significant decreasing (increasing) trends for precipitation (temperature). The prevalence of years with arid conditions (above 70% for 2041‒2070 under both RCPs) are projected to have major impacts in some regions, such as southern Portugal, Extremadura, Castilla-La Mancha, Comunidad de Madrid, Andalucía, Región de Murcia, Comunidad Valenciana, and certain regions within the Aragón province. The projected increase in both the intensity and persistence of aridity conditions in a broader southern half of Iberia will exacerbate the exposure and vulnerability of this region to climate change, while the risk of multi-level desertification should be thoroughly integrated into regional and national water management and planning.

New advanced designed systems to ensure safeguard of the territory and preservation of water resources for irrigation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Cinalberto Bertozzi ◽  
Fabio Paglione
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Water Board ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Innovative Techniques ◽  
River Po ◽  
Crop Irrigation

The Burana Land-Reclamation Board is an interregional water board operating in three regions and five provinces. The Burana Land-Reclamation Board operates over a land area of about 250,000 hectares between the Rivers Secchia, Panaro and Samoggia, which forms the drainage basin of the River Panaroand part of the Burana-Po di Volano, from the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines to the River Po. Its main tasks are the conservation and safeguarding of the territory, with particular attention to water resources and how they are used, ensuring rainwater drainage from urban centres, avoiding flooding but ensuringwater supply for crop irrigation in the summer to combat drought. Since the last century the Burana Land-Reclamation Board has been using innovative techniques in the planning of water management schemes designed to achieve the above aims, improving the management of water resources while keeping a constant eye on protection of the environment.

“And the Earth Was Still Moving…” The Massacre of Jews in Szczeglacin in Eyewitness’ Testimonies

2010 ◽  
pp. 451-465
Author(s):  
Marta Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Labor Camp ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Village

The article deals with a labor camp for Jews founded by the Germans in Cerkwisko near Bartków Nowy, Karczew Commune, was transferred to the village of Szczeglacin due to the works’ advancement along the river. The Jews who died in that camp performed work connected with water management which consisted in draining the farmland and engineering the Kołodziejka River a Bug tributary. The liquidation of the Szczeglacin camp probably took place in the morning of 22 October 1942.  Several hundred Jews were killed with a primitive tool – a wooden club. According to the witnesses, “when spring came,” probably of 1944, the Germans returned to the spot to conduct an exhumation of the remains in order to ultimately cover the traces. The article is based on various sources – from oral accounts, collected in 2009 in Szczeglacin and the neighboring villages, through records produced in 1947  (Josek Kopyto’s testimony) and 1994e manuscript of a peasant from Bartków Stary as well as regional publications

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