Developmental Programming: Prenatal Testosterone Excess on Liver and Muscle Coding and Non-Coding RNA in Female Sheep

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Saadat ◽  
Muraly Puttabyatappa ◽  
Venkateswaran R Elangovan ◽  
John Dou ◽  
Joseph N Ciarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Pathway ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Prenatal Testosterone ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Lipid Catabolism ◽  
Peripheral Insulin Resistance ◽  
Ppar Signaling ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Latent Structures ◽  
Female Sheep

Abstract Prenatal testosterone (T)-treated female sheep manifest peripheral insulin resistance, ectopic lipid accumulation and insulin signaling disruption in liver and muscle. This study investigated transcriptional changes and transcriptome signature of prenatal T excess-induced hepatic and muscle-specific metabolic disruptions. Genome-wide coding and non-coding (nc) RNA expression in liver and muscle from 21-month-old prenatal T-treated (T propionate 100mg intramuscular twice weekly from days 30 to 90 of gestation; Term: 147 days) and control females were compared. Prenatal T (1) induced differential expression of mRNAs in liver (15 down, 17 up) and muscle (66 down, 176 up) (FDR<0.05, absolute log2 fold change>0.5); (2) downregulated mitochondrial pathway genes in liver and muscle; (3) downregulated hepatic lipid catabolism and PPAR signaling gene pathways; (4) modulated ncRNA metabolic processes gene pathway in muscle and (5) downregulated 5 uncharacterized long ncRNA (lncRNA) in the muscle but no ncRNA changes in the liver. Correlation analysis showed downregulation of lncRNAs LOC114112974 and LOC105607806 was associated with decreased TPK1, and LOC114113790 with increased ZNF470 expression. Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis identified mRNAs HADHA and SLC25A45, and miRNAs MIR154A, MIR25 and MIR487B in liver and ARIH1 and ITCH and miRNAs MIR369, MIR10A and MIR10B in muscle as potential biomarkers of prenatal T-excess. These findings suggest downregulation of mitochondria, lipid catabolism, and PPAR signaling genes in liver and dysregulation of mitochondrial and ncRNA gene pathways in muscle are contributors of lipotoxic and insulin resistant hepatic and muscle phenotype. Gestational T excess programming of metabolic dysfunctions involve tissue-specific ncRNA modulated transcriptional changes.

scholarly journals Subtle metabolic and liver gene transcriptional changes underlie diet-induced fatty liver susceptibility in insulin-resistant mice

Diabetologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1867-1879 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Toye ◽  
M. E. Dumas ◽  
C. Blancher ◽  
A. R. Rothwell ◽  
J. F. Fearnside ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Liver Gene

scholarly journals Tissue-based metabolomics profiling reveals metabolic signatures and major metabolic pathways of gastric cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqin Wang ◽  
Wenchao Chen ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Gang Wu ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Pentose Phosphate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Latent Structures

Abstract Purpose This study was aimed to screen differential metabolites between gastric cancer (GC) and paracancerous (PC) tissues and find new biomarkers of GC. Methods GC (n = 28) and matched PC (n = 28) tissues were collected and LC-MS/MS analyses were performed to detect metabolites of GC and PC tissues in positive and negative models. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminate analysis (OPLS-DA) were conducted to describe distribution of origin data and general separation and estimate the robustness and the predictive ability of our mode. Differential metabolites were screened based on criterion of variables with p value < 0.05 and VIP (variable importance in the projection) > 1.0. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic power of differential metabolites. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was performed to search for metabolite pathways and MetaboAnalyst was used for pathway enrichment analysis. Results Several metabolites were significantly changed in GC group compared with PC group. Thirteen metabolites with high VIP were chose and among which 1-methylnicotinamide, dodecanoic acid and sphinganine possessed high AUC values (AUC > 0.8) indicating an excellent discriminatory ability on GC. Pathways such as pentose phosphate pathway and histidine metabolism were focused based on differential metabolites demonstrating their effects on progress of GC. Conclusions In conclusion, we investigated the tissue-based metabolomics profile of GC and several differential metabolites and signaling pathways were focused. Further study is needed to verify those results.

Brachyspira Species Avidity to Colonic Mucins from Pigs with and without Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Infection is Species-Specific and Varies between Strains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Macarena P. Quintana-Hayashi ◽  
Mattias Erhardsson ◽  
Maxime Mahu ◽  
Vignesh Venkatakrishnan ◽  
Freddy Haesebrouck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Binding Ability ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae ◽  
Projections To Latent Structures ◽  
Latent Structures ◽  
Species Specific

Brachyspira hyodysenteriae is commonly associated with swine dysentery (SD), a disease that has an economic impact in the swine industry. B. hyodysenteriae infection results in changes to the colonic mucus niche with a massive mucus induction, which substantially increases the amount of B. hyodysenteriae binding sites in the mucus. We have previously determined that a B. hyodysenteriae strain binds to colon mucins in a manner that differs between pigs and mucin types. Here, we investigated if adhesion to mucins is a trait observed across a broad set of B. hyodysenteriae strains and isolates and furthermore at a genus level ( B. innocens, B. pilosicoli, B. murdochii, B. hampsonii and B. intermedia strains). Our results show that binding to mucins appears to be specific to B. hyodysenteriae , and within this species, the binding ability to mucins varies between strains/isolates, increases to mucins from pigs with SD, and is associated to sialic acid epitopes on mucins. Infection with B. hyodysenteriae strain 8dII results in mucin glycosylation changes in the colon including a shift in sialic acid containing structures. Thus, we demonstrate through hierarchical cluster analysis and Orthogonal Projections to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) models of the relative abundances of sialic acid-containing glycans, that sialic acid containing structures in the mucin O -glycome are good predictors of B. hyodysenteriae strain 8dII infection in pigs. The results emphasize the role of sialic acids in governing B. hyodysenteriae interactions with its host, which may open perspectives for therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Comparative Inner Morphological and Chemical Studies on Reynoutria Species in Korea

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Atif Ali Khan Khalil ◽  
Kazi-Marjahan Akter ◽  
Hye-Jin Kim ◽  
Woo Sung Park ◽  
Dong-Min Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Flowering Season ◽  
Projections To Latent Structures ◽  
Chemical Profiles ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Latent Structures

Reynoutria species are medicinal plants that belong to the family Polygonaceae and are widely distributed in eastern Asia, North America and Europe. Although the phylogeny and morphological and anatomical studies of some species in Korea have been previously reported, there are no discriminative anatomical and chemical data available. Therefore, anatomical characterization of the leaf, stem and root, and high performance liquid chromatography–diode array detector (HPLC–DAD) analyses were carried out to assess the differences in anatomical and chemical profiles among the Reynoutria plants in Korea, i.e., R. japonica, R. sachalinensis, R. forbesii and R. japonica for. elata. The anatomical evaluation showed discriminative characteristics, such as the shape of the stomata and the stomatal index of the lower leaf surface; the ratio of the adaxial/abaxial height, the size of the vascular bundles and the frequency of druse in the midrib, petiole, and stem; and the pericycle number in the root. For the HPLC analysis, ten compounds corresponding to each major peak were isolated from R. japonica roots and their structures were identified by comprehensive spectroscopic studies. Samples collected before the flowering season showed higher contents of these ten major compounds than those collected after the flowering season. The orthogonal projections to latent structures-discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) with the inner morphological and HPLC quantification results, clearly discriminated these plants. These results provide anatomical parameters and HPLC profiling that can be used to distinguish the four Reynoutria plants, which supports quality control for their precise identification.

scholarly journals Developmental programming: Prenatal testosterone excess disrupts pancreatic islet developmental trajectory in female sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 110950
Author(s):  
Ian J. Jackson ◽  
Muraly Puttabyatappa ◽  
Miranda Anderson ◽  
Meha Muralidharan ◽  
Almudena Veiga-Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Developmental Programming ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Prenatal Testosterone ◽  
Female Sheep

scholarly journals Analysis of Metabolite Profiling in Human Endothelial Cells after Plasma Jet Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yanjie Yang ◽  
Dehui Xu ◽  
Ning Ning ◽  
Yujing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Human Endothelial Cells ◽  
Metabolic Pathway Analysis ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Blood Capillaries ◽  
Latent Structures ◽  
Tof Ms

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel technology, which has been widely applied in biomedicine, especially in wound healing, dermatological treatment, hemostasis, and cancer treatment. In most cases, CAP treatment will interact with innumerable blood capillaries. Therefore, it is important and necessary to understand the effects of CAP treatment on endothelial cell metabolism. In this study, the metabolite profiling of plasma treatment on endothelial cells was measured by gas chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS). We found that 695 signals (metabolites) were detected by GC-TOF-MS and then evaluated using orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). All the differential metabolites were listed, and proline and xanthosine were the two of the most downregulated metabolites by plasma treatment. By comprehensive metabolic pathway analysis with the KEGG pathway, we showed that alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and purine metabolism pathways were the most significantly suppressed after gas plasma treatment in human endothelial cells. Our finding gives an overall picture of the metabolic pathways affected by plasma treatment in endothelial cells.

scholarly journals Chemical Profiling and Biological Properties of Extracts from Different Parts of Colchicum Szovitsii Subsp. Szovitsii

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Rocchetti ◽  
Biancamaria Senizza ◽  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Murat Ali Okur ◽  
Domenico Montesano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Latent Structures

Like other members of the Colchicum genus, C. szovitsii subsp. szovitsii is also of medicinal importance in Turkish traditional medicine. However, its biological properties have not been fully investigated. Herein, we focused on the evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effects of flower, root and leaf extracts, obtained using different extraction methods. In addition, a comprehensive (poly)-phenolic and alkaloid profiling of the different extracts was undertaken. In this regard, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) allowed us to putatively annotate 195 polyphenols and 87 alkaloids. The most abundant polyphenols were flavonoids (83 compounds), whilst colchicine and 2-demethylcolchicine were some of the most widespread alkaloids in each extract analyzed. However, our findings showed that C. szovitsii leaf extracts were a superior source of both total polyphenols and total alkaloids (being, on average 24.00 and 2.50 mg/g, respectively). Overall, methanolic leaf extracts showed the highest (p < 0.05) ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) reducing power (on average 109.52 mgTE/g) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging (on average 90.98 mgTE/g). Interestingly, each C. szovitsii methanolic extract was more active than the water extracts when considering enzymatic inhibition such as against tyrosinase, glucosidase, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Strong correlations (p < 0.01) were also observed between polyphenols/alkaloids and the biological activities determined. Multivariate statistics based on supervised orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) allowed for the detection of those compounds most affected by the different extraction methods. Therefore, this is the first detailed evidence showing that C. szovitsii subsp. szovitsii might provide beneficial effects against oxidative stress and the associated chronic diseases. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanisms of action need to be further investigated.

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