scholarly journals Maternal Cigarette Smoking and Effects on Androgen Action in Male Offspring: Unexpected Effects on Second-Trimester Anogenital Distance

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (9) ◽  
pp. E1502-E1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Fowler ◽  
Siladitya Bhattacharya ◽  
Samantha Flannigan ◽  
Amanda J. Drake ◽  
Peter J. O'Shaughnessy
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Anogenital Distance ◽  
Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Androgen Action

scholarly journals Damaging legacy: maternal cigarette smoking has long-term consequences for male offspring fertility

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 2719-2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Sobinoff ◽  
J. M. Sutherland ◽  
E. L. Beckett ◽  
S. J. Stanger ◽  
R. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Intellectual Impairment in Children of Women Who Smoke Cigarettes During Pregnancy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Olds ◽  
Charles R. Henderson ◽  
Robert Tatelbaum
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Upstate New York ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Impairment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Additional Reason

Objective. To examine the relationship between maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and children's intellectual functioning during the first 4 years of life. Design. Prospective follow-up of participants in a randomized trial of pregnancy and infancy nurse home visitation. Setting. Semirural community in Upstate New York. Participants. 400 families in which the mothers registered before the 30th week of pregnancy and had no previous live births. Eighty-five percent of the mothers were either teenagers (<19 years at registration), unmarried, or poor. Analysis limited to whites who comprised 89% of the sample. Main results. Children in the comparison group whose mothers smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day during pregnancy had Stanford-Binet scores at 3 and 4 years of age that were 4.35 (95% CI: 0.02, 8.68) points lower (after controlling for a wide range of variables) than their counterparts whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy. Conclusions. The results of this study add to the increasingly consistent evidence that maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy poses a unique risk for neurodevelopmental impairment among children and provide an additional reason for pregnant women not to smoke cigarettes.

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