scholarly journals Relationship between serum-based biomarkers & Magnetic Resonance Imaging measures following mild traumatic brain injury in collegiate athletes post return to play

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (14 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S25.1-S25
Author(s):  
Taylor Susa ◽  
Marguerite Moore ◽  
Joshua Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Mri Scans

ObjectiveThis study analyzed MRI and serum samples from 30 participants across two groups to explore the relationship between protein levels and MRI scans in post return-to-play collegiate athletes following concussion.BackgroundRecently, there has been an increase in concussion research on their effects on different protein levels in serum (a derived portion of blood) between concussed and control groups. Recent research examining serum biomarkers in concussion have found elevated levels of many proteins, but overall have mixed results in correlation with MRI. However, these studies have not focused on the lingering effects that exist in post return-to-play.Design/MethodsThe first group (n = 15) consisted of recently cleared to return-to-play collegiate athletes after experiencing a sports-related concussion. The second group (n = 15) was collegiate athlete controls matched on age, sex, and sport. Serum samples were collected to assess the levels of proteins following post return-to-play. These proteins were evaluated using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay kits (ELIASA).ResultsAn overall BDNF effect was observed between groups (p < 0.05), the concussed group exhibited significantly higher levels of serum BDNF compared to the control group. A positive association between BDNF and gray matter volume (GMV) was observed at a 250 voxel cluster level in both the right (pFDR = 0.015) and left cerebellum region (pFDR = 0.045) across groups. A negative association between BDNF and GMV in both groups was observed in the brainstem (p = 0.029) and the precuneus (p = 0.017) areas. A differential relationship between group and BDNF on GMV was observed (p = 0.022) in the prefrontal cortex.ConclusionsPrevious research has not examined the post return-to-play effects in neuroplasticity specific proteins, nor the time frame of injury in comparison to controls with MRI. Serum-based biomarkers and MRI grant a better depiction of what is occurring during post return-to-play.

scholarly journals miR-128-3p inhibits apoptosis and inflammation in LPS-induced sepsis by targeting TGFBR2

Open Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 274-283
Author(s):  
Peng Yang ◽  
Jianhua Han ◽  
Shigeng Li ◽  
Shaoning Luo ◽  
Xusheng Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Apoptosis And Inflammation ◽  
Hk2 Cells

Abstract Background Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response that can lead to the dysfunction of many organs. The aberrant expression of miRNAs is associated with the pathogenesis of sepsis. However, the biological functions of miR-128-3p in sepsis remain largely unknown, and its mechanism should be further investigated. This study aimed to determine the regulatory network of miR-128-3p and TGFBR2 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. Methods The expression levels of miR-128-3p and transforming growth factor beta receptors II (TGFBR2) were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The protein levels of TGFBR2, Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase 3, Smad2, and Smad3 were measured by western blot. Cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytokine production was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The binding sites of miR-128-3p and TGFBR2 were predicted by Targetscan online software and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Results The level of miR-128-3p was decreased, and TGFBR2 expression was increased in serum samples of sepsis patients and LPS-induced HK2 cells. Overexpression of miR-128-3p or knockdown of TGFBR2 ameliorated LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis. Moreover, TGFBR2 was a direct target of miR-128-3p, and its overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-128-3p overexpression on inflammation and apoptosis in LPS-induced HK2 cells. Besides, overexpression of miR-128-3p downregulated TGFBR2 to suppress the activation of the Smad signaling pathway. Conclusion miR-128-3p could inhibit apoptosis and inflammation by targeting TGFBR2 in LPS-induced HK2 cells, which might provide therapeutic strategy for the treatment of sepsis.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Dengue Virus Infection by Detection of Specific Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgA Antibodies in Serum and Saliva

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Balmaseda ◽  
María G. Guzmán ◽  
Samantha Hammond ◽  
Guillermo Robleto ◽  
Carolina Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Diagnostic Modality ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Feasible Alternative

ABSTRACT To evaluate alternative approaches to the serological diagnosis of dengue virus (DEN) infection, the detection of DEN-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgA antibodies in serum and saliva specimens was assessed in 147 patients with symptoms of DEN infection seen at the Ministry of Health in Nicaragua. Seventy-two serum samples were determined to be positive for anti-DEN antibodies by IgM capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the routine diagnostic procedure. Serum and saliva specimens were obtained from 50 healthy adults as additional controls. IgM was detected in the saliva of 65 of the 72 serum IgM-positive cases, 6 of the 75 serum IgM-negative cases, and none of the control group, resulting in a sensitivity of 90.3% and a specificity of 92.0% and demonstrating that salivary IgM is a useful diagnostic marker for DEN infection. Detection of IgA in serum may be another feasible alternative for the diagnosis of DEN infection, with serum IgA found in 68 (94.4%) of the IgM-positive cases. In contrast, detection of IgA in saliva was not found to be a useful tool for DEN diagnosis in the present study. Further studies of the kinetics of antibody detection in another set of 151 paired acute- and convalescent-phase serum samples showed that DEN-specific IgA antibodies were detected in more acute-phase samples than were IgM antibodies. Thus, we conclude that DEN-specific IgA in serum is a potential diagnostic target. Furthermore, given that saliva is a readily obtainable, noninvasive specimen, detection of DEN-specific salivary IgM should be considered a useful, cheaper diagnostic modality with similar sensitivity and specificity to IgM detection in serum.

scholarly journals Correlation between IL-10 as Cancer Biomarker and Demographic Characteristics of Colorectal Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rahin Sh Hamad ◽  
Bushra H. Shnawa ◽  
Shereen J. Al-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cancer Pathogenesis ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is classified as one of the most prevalent cancer types worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality rates. Patients of CRC have been shown to express a detectable cytokine in serum which contributes to cancer pathogenesis. Therefore, the serum interleukin 10 (IL-10) level in CRC patients was investigated in this study. Patients' medical records with CRC admitted to the Rizgary and Nanakali hospitals, Erbil, Iraq was analyzed as the study group compared to the healthy volunteers' control group. Seventy-one serum samples were collected, thirty-one from diagnosed CRC patients and forty from healthy controls. The concentrations of IL-10 in the sera were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The present finding showed that IL-10 Was significantly elevated in CRC patients' sera compared to the control group, suggesting confirmation of its usefulness for detecting CRC patients' prognosis. A non-significant Pearson correlation was detected between IL-10 serum levels and the CRC group's age, gender, and body mass index. Herein is the first study on the evaluation of IL-10 levels in CRC patients in Kurdistan, Iraq.

scholarly journals Elevated levels of serum, but not salivary, brain-derived neurotrophic factor following mild traumatic brain injury in collegiate athletes post return-to-play

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 205970021989410
Author(s):  
Taylor R Susa ◽  
Ryan D Brandt ◽  
Keara J Kangas ◽  
Catherine E Bammert ◽  
Erich N Ottem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Serum Bdnf

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) helps restore neuronal function following mild traumatic brain injury. BDNF levels can be obtained in blood serum and more recently in saliva. However, the relationship between serum and salivary BDNF is poorly understood—especially in relation to alterations in BDNF levels following mild traumatic brain injury. In this study, serum and salivary BDNF were collected from a sample of 42 collegiate student athletes. Half of the participants were recently cleared by a physician and/or an athletic trainer to return-to-play after experiencing a sports-related concussion. The other half had not experienced a concussion within the past year and were matched by age, sex, sport, and time of sample. Results suggest that incidences of depression, anxiety, and stress were all elevated in the concussion group, relative to the control participants. When controlling for stress-related negative affect, serum BDNF was elevated in the concussion group. However, there was no difference in salivary BDNF. Serum and salivary BDNF were uncorrelated across the entire sample. Yet, these measures of BDNF were correlated in the concussion group, but not the control group. In sum, serum BDNF is elevated in concussion post return-to-play; however, further research is needed to explore the utility of salivary BDNF following concussion.

scholarly journals Folate-receptor 1 level in periodontal disease: a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duygu Alkan ◽  
Berrak Guven ◽  
Cigdem Coskun Turer ◽  
Umut Balli ◽  
Murat Can
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Folate Receptor ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum folate-receptor 1 (FOLR1) levels in subjects with different periodontal status. Methods The study consists of three groups: Healthy group (n = 15), gingivitis group (n = 15) and chronic periodontitis group (n = 15). Clinical periodontal parameters including probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were assessed. GCF and serum samples were collected from each patient and were analyzed FOLR1 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The values of FOLR1 in GCF were higher in gingivitis and periodontitis groups than among patient in control group (p < 0.016). Serum FOLR1 levels showed no significant difference between the groups. A significant correlation was observed between FOLR1 levels of GCF and BOP (p < 0.05). Conclusions Our preliminary data suggest that FOLR1 is not useful in monitoring the periodontal disease. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role, regulation and function of folate and it’s receptors in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.

Evidence for potential involvement of pro-inflammatory adipokines in the pathogenesis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Cephalalgia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedia Samancı ◽  
Yavuz Samancı ◽  
Erdem Tüzün ◽  
Güneş Altıokka-Uzun ◽  
Esme Ekizoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Oligoclonal Bands ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α

Background Although specific role players are currently unknown, contribution of inflammatory mediators has been suggested in the pathophysiology of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), which is a disease more prevalent in obese female individuals of childbearing age. We aimed to investigate the levels of adipokines and cytokines to demonstrate possible markers for inflammation that participate in IIH pathophysiology and their association with clinical features of IIH. Methods IIH patients, diagnosed according to the revised criteria, and age-, gender- and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Serum samples were evaluated for insulin-like growth factor 1, insulin, nesfatin, adiponectin, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, leptin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1, resistin, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or multiplex immunoassays. Results IL-1β level was significantly higher ( p = 0.012), and IL-8 and TNF-α levels were significantly lower in the IIH group ( p < 0.001 and p = 0.008, respectively) compared to the control group. There were no correlations between the cytokine/adipokine levels and age, BMI, disease duration, and cerebrospinal fluid oligoclonal bands. There were also no significant differences in cytokine and adipokine levels between IIH patients regarding visual impairment. However, statistically significant differences were found between IIH patients with relapse versus healthy controls regarding IL-1β ( p = 0.007), IL-8 ( p = 0.001) and TNF-α ( p = 0.017) levels. Other investigated cytokines and adipokines showed no significant alterations in IIH patients investigated in the remission period. Conclusion Altered serum levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α seem to be associated with IIH pathogenesis, and these cytokines may be used as prognostic markers in IIH to predict relapse.

Evaluation of serum CXCL5 as a serum marker for prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 442-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kawamura ◽  
Y. Toiyama ◽  
K. Tanaka ◽  
H. Yasuda ◽  
H. Fujikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Liver Metastasis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Preoperative Serum ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

442 Background: CXCL5 is known as CXC chemokine which promotes angiogenesis related to cancer. However, the function of serum level of CXCL5 (sCXCL5) has not been fully studied in colorectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between preoperative sCXCL5 and clinicopathological features and prognosis in colorectal cancer. Methods: This was a single-institution, retrospective study. Preoperative serum samples of 250 colorectal cancer patients (between 1998 and 2007, median age: 65.3 years, male 159/female 91) were available for the study, and 33 normal serum was examined and used as a control. sCXCL5 level was assayed using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, and analyzed statistically. Results: Mean level of sCXCL5 was significantly higher in colorectal cancer patients than in control group (p=0.013). Patients with liver metastases had significantly higher sCXCL5 level than those without metastases (p=0.0086), and in logistic analysis, sCXCL5 was an independent marker for predicting liver metastasis (p=0.040). Overall survival of patients with elevated sCXCL5 level was significantly worse than those with lower sCXCL5 (p=0.0006). Conclusions: Preoperative sCXCL5 level was increased in colorectal cancer patients compared to in healthy volunteer and elevated sCXCL5 was correlated with liver metastasis and poor prognosis for overall survival in colorectal cancer patients. Elevated sCXCL5 has been proposed as a useful predictive marker for liver metastasis and overall survival in colorectal cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Serum Adipokines in Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia D. Gherman ◽  
Aurel I. Mironiuc
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease ◽  
Arterial Occlusive Disease ◽  
Occlusive Disease ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Peripheral Arterial

Aim. Out study aimed to assess the serum levels of adipokines in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) caused by atherosclerosis.Methods. Serum samples were obtained from 221 patients. One hundred and forty patients, (26 females and 114 males) met the inclusion criteria and were assigned into the case group. Eighty one patients (17 females and 64 males), were included in the control group. Circulating plasma levels of adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and TNF-αwere measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.Results. Significant lower levels of adiponectin were present () in PAOD patients ( pg/mL) compared to the control group ( pg/mL). The mean value of leptin ( pg/mL) and resistin (2047.81±3301.08 pg/mL) patients included in the PAOD group was higher, as compared to the control group. Statistically significant difference was found between the two groups for leptin () and for resistin (). No statistically significant difference for TNF-αwas found between the two groups ().Conclusion. The markers of inflammation secreted by the adipose tissue (adiponectin, leptin, resistin) showed significant differences in patients from the case group (with PAOD) compared to the control group.

scholarly journals Human hydatidosis: an under discussed occupational zoonosis in India

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Singh ◽  
G. Singh ◽  
R. Sharma ◽  
J. Sharma ◽  
R. Aulakh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Groups ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Group Population ◽  
And Control

AbstractHuman hydatidosis is an important public health issue in India and many other developing countries. There is lack of data related to occurrence of this disease in certain risk groups. The present study was therefore designed to assess the seroprevalence of human hydatidosis among occupational risk groups in Punjab (India). One hundred and forty nine human serum samples from dog handlers, veterinarians/para veterinarians, dairy farmers, patients with liver disorders, HIV positives and control group (visiting hospital for other problems) were collected and analyzed using a commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results revealed that 23 (15.43 %) subjects were seropositive for human hydatidosis. High seropositivity were recorded in dog handlers (30 %), followed by the other risk group populations. Relative risk of being infected was found to be 4.80 times high in dog handlers when compared to control group population. Future studies must be planned to determine the significance of these findings and the status of human hydatidosis in India.

Seroprevalence of toxocariasis in hypereosinophilic individuals in Ahwaz, south-western Iran

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Maraghi ◽  
A. Rafiei ◽  
R. Hajihossein ◽  
S. M. Sadjjadi
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infection Frequency ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Western Iran ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The City

AbstractEosinophilia in human peripheral blood is caused by different agents, including toxocariasis. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of toxocariasis in hypereosinophilic individuals in the city of Ahwaz, located in south-western Iran, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot techniques. Serum samples were examined from 100 individuals with peripheral blood eosinophilia and also from another 100 individuals without eosinophilia as the control group. In hypereosinophilic individuals seroprevalence antibodies against Toxocara were found in 19 (19%), of whom 12 (63.15%) were female and 7 (36.85%) were male. Positive sera were subsequently confirmed by Western blot. All of the observed bands ranged from 24 to 100 kDa. Antibodies against Toxocara were found in 1% of the control group, but were not confirmed by Western blot. The results showed significant differences between the frequency of infection within age and gender (P < 0.05); the highest prevalence of infection was observed in adults. Differences between the hypereosinophilic and healthy individuals, in terms of Toxocara infection frequency, also proved significant (P < 0.05).The present study thus confirmed the significant prevalence of toxocariasis as a hygienic problem among hypereosinophilic individuals in this area. It is, therefore, necessary to examine these individuals for toxocariasis.

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