scholarly journals Choosing Plan B Over Plan A: Risk Compensation Theory and Contraceptive Choice in India

Demography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-294
Author(s):  
Pallavi Shukla ◽  
Hemant Kumar Pullabhotla ◽  
Mary Arends-Kuenning
Keyword(s):  
Contraceptive Method ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Compensation ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Compensation Theory ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive ◽  
Contraceptive Choice

Abstract Can women's contraceptive method choice be better understood through risk compensation theory? This theory implies that people act with greater care when the perceived risk of an activity is higher and with less care when it is lower. We examine how increased over-the-counter access to emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) accompanied by marketing campaigns in India affected women's contraceptive method choices and incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Although ECPs substantially reduce the risk of pregnancy, they are less effective than other contraceptive methods and do not reduce the risk of STIs. We test whether an exogenous policy change that increased access to ECPs leads people to substitute away from other methods of contraception, such as condoms, thereby increasing the risk of both unintended pregnancy and STIs. We find evidence for risk compensation in terms of reduced use of condoms but not for increases in rates of STIs.

Preliminary report of sexual assaults at Ekiti Sexual Assault Referral Centre, Ado-Ekiti, Southwest, Nigeria (Moremi Clinic)

2021 ◽  
pp. 004947552110646
Author(s):  
Temitope O Okunola ◽  
Babatunde A Olofinbiyi ◽  
Olusola P Aduloju ◽  
Tolulope Aduloju ◽  
Abiodun Obadeji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Referral Centre ◽  
Early Presentation ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive

There has been a surge in the incidence and severity of sexual assaults globally with the insurgence of COVID-19 owing to lockdown restrictions. Ekiti Sexual Assault Referral Centre, Ado-Ekiti also known as Moremi Clinic was established in June 2020 as a multisectoral response centre to this surge. Seventy-four survivors accessed medical services from June 2020 to May 2021. Adolescents made up 54.1% while the median age was 14.5 years. Only seven survivors were seen within 24 h of the event and around a quarter had follow-up visits. A quarter of survivors reported repeat episodes of sexual assault. Complications documented were sexually transmitted infections (13.5%), depression (4.1%) and posttraumatic stress disorder (5.4%). There was a failure of contraception in 4.5% of survivors who had taken emergency contraceptive pills. For improvements in quality of care, strategies to ensure early presentation and encourage follow-up visits must be introduced.

scholarly journals LNG Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Risk Factor for Ectopic Pregnancy

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-88
Author(s):  
Sunita Ghike ◽  
Savita A Somalwar ◽  
Sulbha A Joshi ◽  
Anjali S Kawthalkar ◽  
Sheela H Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Protection Rate ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

ABSTRACT Hormonal emergency contraceptive drugs designed to prevent undesired pregnancy are available over the counter. In spite of availability of various contraceptive techniques, couple protection rate in our country is still inadequate. A large number of couples prefer to use emergency contraceptive pill instead of regular contraceptives. Though hormonal emergency contraceptives pills are highly effective and safe with fewer side effects, their failure rate is high when used in periovulatory period with increased chances of ectopic pregnancy. How to cite this article Jain SH, Ghike S, Gawande MS, Joshi SA, Kawthalkar AS, Somalwar SA. LNG Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Risk Factor for Ectopic Pregnancy. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(2):87-88.

scholarly journals Exploring the Availability of Emergency Contraception in New Brunswick Pharmacies: A Mystery-Client Telephone Study

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Madison Borsella ◽  
Angel M. Foster
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Pharmacy Staff ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Barriers To Access ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive

Although levonorgestrel-only emergency contraceptive pills (LNg-ECPs) have been available over the counter in Canada for more than a decade, barriers to access persist. We aimed to obtain information about the availability and cost of LNg-ECPs in New Brunswick. Using a mystery-client study design, we called all 207 non-specialty pharmacies in the province posing as a 17-year-old woman seeking something to prevent pregnancy after sex. We evaluated the information provided for accuracy and quality. The overwhelming majority of pharmacies (n = 180, 87%) had at least one brand of LNg-ECPs in stock; the price averaged CAD28.69 (USD21.65). Although the majority of pharmacy representatives provided accurate information about LNg-ECPs, a small number made incorrect statements about the timeframe for use, side effects, and mechanism of action. In nine interactions (4%) pharmacy representatives incorrectly indicated that a male partner could not obtain LNg-ECPs; none indicated that parental involvement was required to procure LNg-ECPs. None of the pharmacy representatives referenced any other modality of emergency contraception, including ulipristal acetate. Our findings suggest that LNg-ECPs are widely available and that most pharmacy representatives are providing accurate medical and regulatory information. However, supporting the continuing education of pharmacists and pharmacy staff, particularly around alternative modalities of emergency contraception, appears warranted.

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