Air-fuel ratio and speed control for low emission vehicles based on sliding mode techniques

2002 ◽  
Vol 216 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
P F Puleston ◽  
G Monsees ◽  
S K Spurgeon
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Speed Control ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Robust Controller ◽  
Automotive Engines ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unknown Disturbances ◽  
Set Up

This paper deals with the combined air-fuel ratio (AFR) and speed control of automotive engines. The robust controller is developed using dynamic sliding mode (SM) control design methods. The proposed controller set-up is tested under realistic operating conditions by means of computer simulation using a comprehensive non-linear model of a four-stroke engine, specifically provided by the automotive industry for these purposes. This accurate industrial model comprises extensive dynamics description and numerous look-up tables representing parameter characteristics obtained from experimental data. The SM controller set-up proves to be robust to model uncertainties and unknown disturbances, regulating effectively the engine speed for a wide range of set-points while maintaining the AFR at the stoichiometric value.

Nonlinear Air-to-Fuel Ratio and Engine Speed Control for Spark Ignition Engines

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Wagner ◽  
D. M. Dawson ◽  
Z. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategy ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Automobile Engines

Abstract The wide-range of operating conditions, inherent induction process nonlinearities, and gradual component degradations due to aging, have prompted research into model-based engine control algorithms. Consequentially, a variety of nonlinear and intelligent algorithms have been proposed and experimentally studied. Recent attention has focused on the simultaneous regulation of the air-to-fuel ratio and engine speed using a sliding mode control strategy. In this paper, a nonlinear model-based backstepping control strategy will be proposed for simultaneous air-to-fuel ratio control and speed tracking in passenger/light-duty automobile engines. For comparison purposes, a multi-surface sliding mode controller and an integrated speed-density air-to-fuel controller with attached engine speed regulation will be implemented. Representative numerical results will be presented and discussed.

The effect of air/fuel ratio on the CO and NOx emissions for a twin-spark motorcycle gasoline engine under wide range of operating conditions

Energy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 1202-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banglin Deng ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Yangyang Chen ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Aodong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Wide Range

Air-Fuel Ratio Control of Lean-Burn SI Engines Using Fuzzy Sliding-Model Technique

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Ming Wu ◽  
Reza Tafreshi
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Time Varying Delay ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
System Input ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
High Level

Minimization of the carbon dioxide and harmful pollutants emissions and maximization of fuel economy for the lean-burn spark ignition (SI) engines significantly rely on precise air-fuel ratio (AFR) control. However, the main challenge of AFR control is the large time-varying delay which exists in lean-burn engines. Since the system is usually subject to external disturbances and uncertainties, a high level of robustness in the AFR control design has to be considered. Herein, a fuzzy sliding-mode control (FSMC) technique is proposed to track the desired AFR in the presence of periodic disturbances. The proposed method is model free and does not need any system characteristics. Based on the fuzzy system input-output data, two scaling factors are first employed to normalize the sliding surface and its derivative. According to the concept of the if-then rule, an appropriate rule table for the logic system is designed. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme are evaluated under various operating conditions.

scholarly journals Heavy Duty Gas Turbine Simulation: A Compressor IGV Airfoil Off-Design Characterization

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Carcasci ◽  
Riccardo Da Soghe ◽  
Andrea Silingardi ◽  
Pio Astrua ◽  
Stefano Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Plant Behavior ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Loss Coefficients ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine ◽  
Set Up ◽  
System Configurations ◽  
Profile Loss ◽  
Selection Of

The correct simulation of power plant behavior over a variety of operating conditions has to be extremely detailed in order to provide reliable help to the turbomachinery developers. The latter instance implies for designers and commercial personnel to be equipped with reliable calculation tools (in-house developed or commercial). In particular, Performance Analysis Codes (PACs) allow the designers to analyze different system configurations. To predict off-design behavior, these codes need to be not limited to thermodynamic analysis, but also able to perform a simplified description of each component that require a specific set of correlations. The selection of suitable correlation sets for compressor IGV airfoils could be very difficult. This paper deal with a procedure based on 2D-CFD analysis to provide a reliable evaluation of compressor IGV airfoils deviation and profile loss coefficients in a wide range of operating condition. The analysis were set up on the IGV of the Ansaldo Energia AE94.3A compressor and the developed correlations were successfully implemented in an in-house PAC called ESMS.

Parameter Identification of LuGre Friction Model: Experimental Set-up Design and Measurement

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Hsiang Sun ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Cyrus Shafai
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Friction Modeling ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Set Up

This work proposes a simple but general experimental approach including the rig design and measurement procedure to carry out a wide range of experiments required for identifying parameters for LuGre dynamic friction model. The design choice is based on accuracy of the estimated friction and flexibility in terms of changing contact conditions. The experimental results allow a complete LuGre model, which facilitates, but not limited to, other advanced friction modeling and high performance controller design if needed. In addition, several well-known dynamic friction features (varying break-away force, friction lag and presliding) are successfully demonstrated by our rig, which indicates the adequacy of our approach for capturing highly sophisticated and dynamic friction behavior over a wide range of operating conditions. The proposed set-up and the produced experimental data are believed to greatly facilitate the development of advanced friction compensation and modeling in friction affected mechanisms.

scholarly journals A Fast-Response Sliding-Mode Controller for Boost-Type Converters With a Wide Range of Operating Conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 3276-3286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siew-Chong Tan ◽  
Y. M. Lai ◽  
Chi K. Tse ◽  
Luis Martinez-Salamero ◽  
Chi-Kin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Sliding Mode Controller ◽  
Wide Range

Towards Robust Non-Fragile Control in Wind Energy Engineering

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Ebrahim
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Hybrid Control ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Robust Controller ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Conversion System ◽  
Referential Integrity ◽  
Energy Engineering

<p>Blade Pitch Controller (BPC) that can cope system uncertainties is one of the most interesting topics in wind energy engineering. Therefore, this paper presents a step towards the design of robust non-fragile BPC for wind energy conversion system. The proposed approach presents all boundaries of stability region that can guarantee robust stability (RS) over a wide range of operating conditions. The proposed technique results from the complementarity of both Root-Locus and Routh-Hurwitz (RL/RH) approach. Continuous variation in the operating conditions is tackled through a new hybrid control technique based on the referential integrity of both RL/RH and Kharitonov (Kh) theorem. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed designing approach in computing the most resilient and robust controller.</p>

Using Multi-Dimensional Combustion Simulations of a Natural Gas/Diesel Dual Fuel Engine to Investigate NOx Trends With Air-Fuel Ratio

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hockett ◽  
Michael Flory ◽  
Joel Hiltner ◽  
Scott Fiveland
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Jet Flame ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Wide Range

Natural gas/diesel dual fuel engines used in oil and gas drilling operations must be able to meet NOx emissions limits across a wide range of substitution percentage, which affects the air to natural gas ratio or gas lambda. In a dual fuel engine operating at high substitution, premixed, propagating natural gas flames occur and the NOx formed in such premixed flames is known to be a strong function of gas lambda. Consequently there is interest in understanding how NOx formation in a dual fuel engine is affected by gas lambda. However, NOx formation in a dual fuel engine is complicated by the interaction with the non-premixed diesel jet flame. As a result, previous studies have shown that enriching the air-fuel ratio can either increase or decrease NOx emissions depending on the operating conditions investigated. This study presents multi-dimensional combustion simulations of an air-fuel ratio sweep from gas lambda 2.0 to 1.5 at 80% substitution, which exhibited a minimum in NOx emissions at a natural gas lambda of 1.75. Images from the simulations are used to provide detailed explanations of the physical processes responsible for the minimum NOx trend with natural gas lambda.

Control of Combustion Dynamics Using Fuel System Impedance

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geo Richards ◽  
Doug Straub ◽  
Ed Robey
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Combustion Dynamics ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Attenuation

Combustion oscillations (dynamics) have become a major challenge in the development of low-emission premix combustors. In this paper, a variable impedance fuel system is used to modulate the phase and magnitude of the combustion response in a laboratory scale 30 kW combustor. With the proper choice of design parameters, this technique demonstrates significant attenuation of dynamics pressures, over a wide range of operating conditions. The technique is similar to active control, but does not require high frequency actuators. The paper will report on the key design variables that should be considered when using this concept to improve dynamic stability.

scholarly journals Investigations on Oil Flow Rates Projected on the Casing Walls by Splashed Lubricated Gears

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Leprince ◽  
C. Changenet ◽  
F. Ville ◽  
P. Velex
Keyword(s):  
Spur Gear ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Variable Size ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Lubricant Flow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Set Up

In order to investigate the oil projected by gears rotating in an oil bath, a test rig has been set up in which the quantity of lubricant splashed at several locations on the casing walls can be measured. An oblong-shaped window of variable size is connected to a tank for flow measurements, and the system can be placed at several locations. A series of formulae have been deduced using dimensional analysis which can predict the lubricant flow rate generated by one spur gear or one disk at various places on the casing. These results have been experimentally validated over a wide range of operating conditions (rotational speed, geometry, immersion depth, etc.).

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