Frontal Plane Motion at the Hip and Knee and Genu Recurvatum Discriminate Between Males and Females

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S167-S168
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Medina McKeon ◽  
Craig R. Denegar ◽  
Jay Hertel
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Genu Recurvatum ◽  
Males And Females

scholarly journals Biologically Inspired Design and Development of a Variable Stiffness Powered Ankle-Foot Prosthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Agboola-Dobson ◽  
Guowu Wei ◽  
Lei Ren
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Variable Stiffness ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Passive Rotation ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Biologically Inspired Design

Recent advancements in powered lower limb prostheses have appeased several difficulties faced by lower limb amputees by using a series-elastic actuator (SEA) to provide powered sagittal plane flexion. Unfortunately, these devices are currently unable to provide both powered sagittal plane flexion and two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) at the ankle, removing the ankle’s capacity to invert/evert, thus severely limiting terrain adaption capabilities and user comfort. The developed 2-DOF ankle system in this paper allows both powered flexion in the sagittal plane and passive rotation in the frontal plane; an SEA emulates the biomechanics of the gastrocnemius and Achilles tendon for flexion while a novel universal-joint system provides the 2-DOF. Several studies were undertaken to thoroughly characterize the capabilities of the device. Under both level- and sloped-ground conditions, ankle torque and kinematic data were obtained by using force-plates and a motion capture system. The device was found to be fully capable of providing powered sagittal plane motion and torque very close to that of a biological ankle while simultaneously being able to adapt to sloped terrain by undergoing frontal plane motion, thus providing 2-DOF at the ankle. These findings demonstrate that the device presented in this paper poses radical improvements to powered prosthetic ankle-foot device (PAFD) design.

The Effect of the TayCo External Ankle Brace on Multidirectional Reach Distance, Balance, and Motion in Collegiate Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Steven J. Smith ◽  
Cameron J. Powden
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Collegiate Athletes ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Ankle Brace

Ensuring ankle stability while allowing for functional movement is important when returning patients to physical activity and attempting to prevent injury. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the TayCo external and a lace-up ankle brace on lower extremity function, dynamic balance, and motion in 18 physically active participants. Significantly greater range of motion was demonstrated for the TayCo brace compared with the lace-up brace for dorsiflexion and plantar flexion, as well as less range of motion for the TayCo brace compared to the lace-up brace for inversion and eversion. The TayCo brace provided restricted frontal plane motion while allowing increased sagittal plane motion without impacting performance measures.

Extrinsic rearfoot posts

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
RL Blake ◽  
H Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Shock Absorption ◽  
Orthotic Device

The addition of an extrinsic rearfoot post to an orthotic device allows the podiatric practitioner to modify the function of the device. Specifically, rearfoot posts are used to allow for a more inverted heel position at contact, to provide greater resistance to abnormal frontal plane motion of the calcaneus and to provide for motion for shock absorption. The authors present nine prescription variables that each provide for a specific functional change to be incorporated into the orthotic device.

Timing of Lower Extremity Frontal Plane Motion Differs Between Female and Male Athletes During a Landing Task

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1517-1521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Joseph ◽  
Michael Rahl ◽  
Jessica Sheehan ◽  
Bradley MacDougall ◽  
Elaine Horn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Male Athletes

Frontal Plane Motion of the Rearfoot During a One-Leg Squat in Individuals with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pazit Levinger ◽  
Wendy L. Gilleard ◽  
Karl Sprogis
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Potential Contributor ◽  
Rearfoot Eversion

Abnormal motion of the foot has been suggested to be a potential contributor to the medial collapse of the knee seen in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome during a one-leg squat. Rearfoot frontal plane range of motion and peak angle were investigated during a one-leg squat in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome compared with controls. A significant increase in the peak eversion angle was found for the patellofemoral pain syndrome group compared with controls (P = .02). Increased rearfoot eversion may contribute to the knee medial collapse observed in these patients because it may lead to tibial abduction relative to the femur. Nevertheless, further research is required to investigate the causal relationship because it remains unclear whether rearfoot eversion instigates the medial collapse of the knee. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 96(2): 96–101, 2006)

A Comparison of Two Multisegment Foot Models in High-and Low-Arched Athletes

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Powell ◽  
D.S. Blaise Williams ◽  
Robert J. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Foot Model ◽  
Reaction Forces

Background: Malalignment and dysfunction of the foot have been associated with an increased propensity for overuse and traumatic injury in athletes. Several multisegment foot models have been developed to investigate motions in the foot. However, it remains unknown whether the kinematics measured by different multisegment foot models are equivocal. The purpose of the present study is to examine the efficacy of two multisegment foot models in tracking aberrant foot function. Methods: Ten high-arched and ten low-arched female athletes walked and ran while ground reaction forces and three-dimensional kinematics were tracked using the Leardini and Oxford multisegment foot models. Ground reaction forces and joint angles were calculated with Visual 3D (C-Motion Inc, Germantown, MD). Repeated-measures analyses of variance were used to analyze peak eversion, time to peak eversion, and eversion excursions. Results: The Leardini model was more sensitive to differences in peak eversion angles than the Oxford model. However, the Oxford model detected differences in eversion excursion values that the Leardini model did not detect. Conclusions: Although both models found differences in frontal plane motion between high- and low-arched athletes, the Leardini multisegment foot model is suggested to be more appropriate as it directly tracks frontal plane midfoot motion during dynamic motion. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(2): 99–105, 2013)

Sex Differences and Discriminative Value of Lower Extremity Alignments and Kinematics during Two Functional Tasks

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Medina McKeon ◽  
Craig R. Denegar ◽  
Jay Hertel
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Discriminative Value ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Kinematic Measures ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dynamic Variables

The purpose of this study was to formulate a predictive equation to discriminate males from females using static and dynamic lower extremity (LE) alignments. Twenty-four healthy adults volunteered to participate. Three-dimensional motion analysis was used to assess the kinematics of the right hip and knee during two functional tasks. Six measures of static LE alignment were also performed. Statistical comparisons were made between males and females for all variables. Static and dynamic variables that were significantly different by sex were entered into separate discriminant analyses for each task. The resulting equations were each able to correctly predict 87% of the subjects by sex. Fifty-eight percent and 55% of the variance was explained by sex for the vertical jump and plant & jump, respectively. The frontal plane hip angle was the best predictor of sex for both tasks. While there were statistically significant differences between the sexes for static measures of LE alignment, kinematic measures were better at discriminating between sexes.

scholarly journals Reliability of 3-Dimensional Measures of Single-Leg Drop Landing Across 3 Institutions: Implications for Multicenter Research for Secondary ACL-Injury Prevention

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Myer ◽  
Nathaniel A. Bates ◽  
Christopher A. DiCesare ◽  
Kim D. Barber Foss ◽  
Staci M. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Injury Prevention ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Plane Motion ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Drop Landing ◽  
Prevention Studies ◽  
Acl Injury Prevention

Context:Due to the limitations of single-center studies in achieving appropriate sampling with relatively rare disorders, multicenter collaborations have been proposed to achieve desired sampling levels. However, documented reliability of biomechanical data is necessary for multicenter injury-prevention studies and is currently unavailable.Objective:To measure the reliability of 3-dimensional (3D) biomechanical waveforms from kinetic and kinematic variables during a single-leg landing (SLL) performed at 3 separate testing facilities.Design:Multicenter reliability study.Setting:3 laboratories.Patients:25 female junior varsity and varsity high school volleyball players who visited each facility over a 1-mo period.Intervention:Subjects were instrumented with 43 reflective markers to record 3D motion as they performed SLLs. During the SLL the athlete balanced on 1 leg, dropped down off of a 31-cm-high box, and landed on the same leg. Kinematic and kinetic data from both legs were processed from 2 trials across the 3 laboratories.Main Outcome Measures:Coefficients of multiple correlations (CMC) were used to statistically compare each joint angle and moment waveform for the first 500 ms of landing.Results:Average CMC for lower-extremity sagittal-plane motion was excellent between laboratories (hip .98, knee .95, ankle .99). Average CMC for lower-extremity frontal-plane motion was also excellent between laboratories (hip .98, knee .80, ankle .93). Kinetic waveforms were repeatable in each plane of rotation (3-center mean CMC ≥.71), while knee sagittal-plane moments were the most consistent measure across sites (3-center mean CMC ≥.94).Conclusions:CMC waveform comparisons were similar relative to the joint measured to previously published reports of between-sessions reliability of sagittal- and frontal-plane biomechanics performed at a single institution. Continued research is needed to further standardize technology and methods to help ensure that highly reliable results can be achieved with multicenter biomechanical screening models.

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