Black Plastic Mulch and Drip Irrigation Affect Growth and Performance of Bell Pepper

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Brown ◽  
Cynthia Channell-butcher
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Production System and Cultivar Effects on the Development of Skin Separation or “Silvering” in Bell Pepper Fruit

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian A. Wyenandt ◽  
Wesley L. Kline ◽  
Daniel L. Ward ◽  
Nancy L. Brill
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Pepper Fruit ◽  
Bell Peppers ◽  
Black Plastic

From 2006 to 2008, four different production systems and five bell pepper cultivars (Capsicum annuum) with either no resistance (Alliance and Camelot), tolerance (Revolution), or resistance (Paladin and Aristotle) to the crown rot phase of phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici) were evaluated for the development of skin separation or “silvering” in fruit at a research facility and four commercial vegetable farms in southern New Jersey. Cultivar, production system, and year, each had a significant effect on the total percentage of fruit with skin separation and marketable yield. The percentage of bell pepper fruit with skin separation was higher in both phytophthora-resistant cultivars compared with the phytophthora-susceptible cultivars across all four production systems. Marketable yield was highest when bell peppers were grown in double rows on raised beds with black plastic mulch and drip irrigation compared with bell peppers grown on single rows on raised beds with black plastic mulch and drip irrigation and bell peppers grown on single rows on raised, bare ground beds with buried drip irrigation. Marketable yields were lowest when bell peppers were grown in single rows on high, ridged beds with overhead irrigation. Results of this study suggest that the development of skin separation or “silvering” in fruit is more closely associated with genotype than type of production system.

Effect of Irrigation Methods and Mulching on Growth and Seed Yield of Semialata

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
SK SRIVASTAVA ◽  
PAWAN JEET
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Black Plastic

A study was conducted to assess the effect of drip irrigation and plastic mulch on growth and seed yield of Semialata. Two types of plastic mulch (green and silver/black) were tested at three levels of irrigation (120%, 100% and 80%) by drip irrigation and one level (100%) by furrow irrigation. The daily water requirement of Semialata was estimated by the equation ETcrop= ETox crop factor. ETcrop is crop water requirement mm/day. ETo (reference evapotranspiration, mm/day) was calculated by FAO calculator which uses temperature and humidity data. In this experiments there were twelve treatments were considered. The treatments were replicated thrice. The experiment was laid in randomized block design. It was observed that drip irrigation with or without plastic mulch is yielding better results in terms of growth parameters and seed yield as compared to furrow irrigation without plastic mulch. It was also observed that maximum suppression (67.58%) of weeds resulted with drip irrigation and silver/black plastic mulch at 80% level of irrigation.

scholarly journals Strawberry Plasticulture in North Carolina: II. Preplant, Planting, and Postplant Considerations for Growing `Chandler' Strawberry on Black Plastic Mulch

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.B. Poling
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Spring Harvest ◽  
Freeze Protection

North Carolina is experiencing a revitalization of the strawberry industry due to the adoption of plasticulture technologies and the California cultivar Chandler, which produces excellent yields and fruit quality on black plastic mulch. With this system, berries can be harvested in just 7 to 8 months after planting. The spring harvest season can last up to 6 weeks in most years. Strawberry plasticulture growers in North Carolina typically experience yields of 17,000 to 18,000 lb/acre (19,054 to 20,174 kg·ha-1). Cash expenses for the system are about $4345/acre ($10,736/ha). The system requires both an overhead sprinkler system for blossom and bud frost/freeze protection, and drip irrigation for supplying water and fertilizer in the prebloom, bloom, and fruiting periods. Sandy loam and clay loam soils are ideal for forming the lo-inch-high (25.4-cm) beds with bedding machines. Usually, 33% of the N, 50% of the K, and all of the P is applied preplant, with the remaining N and K applied through the drip-irrigation system. Problems associated with the plasticulture system include higher initial investment relative to matted-row production, and only one fruiting season is possible with the anthracnose-susceptible `Chandler' in the southeastern United States.

scholarly journals Fruit Quality and Resistance of Strawberry Cultivars and Hybrids and the Effect of Calcite Fertiliser

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
Valda Laugale ◽  
Sandra Dane ◽  
Līga Lepse ◽  
Sarmīte Strautiņa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Horticultural Crop ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars ◽  
Resistance To Diseases

AbstractStrawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchense ex Rozier) is an important horticultural crop grown in Latvia. The aim of this research was to evaluate some newly introduced strawberry cultivars and perspective hybrids and to evaluate the efficiency of natural calcite leaf fertiliser (Megagreen®) on strawberry fruit quality and spread of pests and diseases. The trial was established in 2012 at Pûre, Tukums Municipality. Cultivars ‘Saint Pierre’, ‘Annapolis’, ’Sonata’, ‘Chambly’, ‘Elegance’, ‘Rumba’, ‘Honeoye’, ‘Senga Sengana’ and two hybrids: 35-1 and 39-1 were included in the investigation. Calcite fertiliser was applied four times per season in 2013 and 2014 by spraying on leaves in concentration 0.5%. Strawberries were grown on two row beds with black plastic mulch and drip irrigation. The evaluation was done for two seasons. Most of the evaluated newly introduced cultivars and hybrids had better fruit quality and resistance to diseases than control cultivars. Cultivars ‘Annapolis’, ’Rumba’, ‘Sonata’, ‘Elegance’, and 39-1 were selected as the most promising related to fruit quality and resistance. The application of calcite fertiliser (Megagreen®) on leaves had no statistically significant effect on strawberry fruit quality and resistance.

scholarly journals Plastic Mulch Enhances and Conserves N03-N in Bell Pepper

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 882D-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otho S. Wells ◽  
James R. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Soil Samples ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Overhead Irrigation ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Mineral Soils

N03-N is readily leached from mineral soils with rain or overhead irrigation. To determine the amount of N03-N conserved with plastic mulch, `Northstar' bell pepper was grown with and without 2-mil black plastic mulch, with 0, 80, and 160 lbs/acre of preplant N. One treatment consisted of unplanted rows. At 1, 2, 3, and 5 months after planting on 26 May 1994, soil samples for N03-N analyses were taken at 0–6” and 6–12”. Not only was N03-N conserved under the mulch, but it was also enhanced. N03-N levels increased up to 595 ppm in plots with mulch, no crop, and 160 lbs N/acre. The pepper crop utilized about one-third of the nitrogen under the mulch. After 5 months, nitrate levels averaged about 6 ppm in all plots without mulch, whereas, in plots with mulch, nitrate levels averaged about 97 ppm. For most of the season nitrate were higher at 0–6 inches than at 6–12 inches, but, nearer the end of the season, nitrates in plots without mulch were nearly the same or greater at 6–12 inches than at 0–6 inches. Yields were highest with mulch and 80 lbs N/acre.

scholarly journals TOMATO FERTIGATION

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1173g-1173
Author(s):  
R. A. Straw ◽  
C. A. Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Additional Nitrogen

Tomato trials with black plastic mulch, drip irrigation, and fertigation were conducted on a Lily sandy loam soil of medium fertility at Crossville, TN in 1990 and 1991. 'Mountain Pride' tomatoes were fertilized with a broadcast preplant application of 1120 kg ha–1 of 10-4.4-8.3 fertilizer with and without combinations of black plastic mulch and weekly applications of 0.64 cm of water for 12 weeks through drip irrigation. Three black plastic mulch and drip irrigation treatments supplied additional nitrogen and potassium fertilizer through the drip irrigation system. Yields were increased by use of black plastic mulch and by trickle irrigation in 1991. However, additions of fertilizer through drip irrigation had no effect on yields.

scholarly journals Amelioration of Blossom-end Rot of Bell Pepper by Rowcovers and Supplemental Calcium

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 530B-530
Author(s):  
George H. Clough ◽  
Shara E. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Supplemental Calcium ◽  
Blossom End Rot ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Calcium Fertilization

A 2-year study was conducted in eastern Oregon to evaluate the effects of hooped spunbonded polypropylene rowcovers and calcium fertilization on yield and quality of drip-irrigated bell pepper grown on black plastic mulch. The experiment was a complete factorial with four replications of two varieties, covered and uncovered plots, and three levels of supplemental calcium fertilization at 0, 34 and 68 kg·ha–1 applied through the drip irrigation system as Ca(NO3)2. Marketable yields increased with rowcover, both at the first harvest and over the season. Blossom-end rot and sunscald were reduced substantially by rowcovers; the effect was greatest during the earlier harvests. First harvest and season total yield of fancy grade peppers increased linearly as rate of supplemental calcium increased, as did total marketable yield at the first harvest. There was a trend to decreasing yield of fruit with blossom-end rot as calcium rate increased, and the percent fruit with blossom-end rot at the first harvest decreased linearly with increasing rate of calcium fertilization. Yield of fruit affected by sunscald decreased linearly as supplemental calcium rate increased at the first harvest; overall, yield of sunscald fruit was reduced by application of calcium at either rate.

scholarly journals Effects of Transplanting Depth of Pepper on Flowering and Fruit Characteristics

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 754D-754
Author(s):  
William Terry Kelley ◽  
Darbie M. Granberry
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Fruit Characteristics ◽  
Cluster Number ◽  
Single Row ◽  
True Leaf

Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) is traditionally transplanted either to the top of the root ball or to the cotyledons of the transplant. Recent evidence has shown that increased and earlier yields may be obtained by deeper transplanting of pepper. Thus, a study was undertaken to investigate the effects of pepper transplanting depth on flowering and the fruit characteristics of harvest fruit. Pepper was transplanted to the top of the rootball, the cotyledons, and the first true leaf at two locations in 1994. Both `Camelot' Hybrid and `Jupiter' (open-pollinated) cultivars were planted into bareground on Mar. 24 at Tifton, Ga. Only `Camelot' was transplanted into a plastic mulch with drip irrigation on Mar. 28 at Cool Springs. Plots consisted of a single row of seven plants with the internal five plants used for data collection. Treatments were replicated three times. Normal cultural and pest control practices were used at both locations. Data on flowering were collected 5 weeks after transplanting. Data on fruit characteristics were collected at harvest. Number of bloom clusters per plant, number of blooms per cluster, number of open blooms, and number of set blooms were significantly greater in the deeper-planted pepper at Cool Springs. The same was true for bloom clusters and blooms per cluster at Tifton. Number of blooms open and set were greater in deeper-planted `Camelot' at Tifton as well. There were virtually no differences among characteristics of harvest fruit. Earlier bloom set appears to occur in deeper-planted pepper on both bareground and mulched beds.

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