scholarly journals Correction: Altered Blood Biomarker Profiles in Athletes with a History of Repetitive Head Impacts

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0164912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex P. Di Battista ◽  
Shawn G. Rhind ◽  
Doug Richards ◽  
Nathan Churchill ◽  
Andrew J. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
Blood Biomarker ◽  
History Of ◽  
Altered Blood

scholarly journals Altered Blood Biomarker Profiles in Athletes with a History of Repetitive Head Impacts

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. e0159929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex P. Di Battista ◽  
Shawn G. Rhind ◽  
Doug Richards ◽  
Nathan Churchill ◽  
Andrew J. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
Blood Biomarker ◽  
History Of ◽  
Altered Blood

scholarly journals Late contributions of repetitive head impacts and TBI to depression symptoms and cognition

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. e793-e804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Alosco ◽  
Yorghos Tripodis ◽  
Zachary H. Baucom ◽  
Jesse Mez ◽  
Thor D. Stein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Contact Sport ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that repetitive head impacts (RHIs), like those from contact sport play and traumatic brain injury (TBI) have long-term neuropsychiatric and cognitive consequences, we compared middle-age and older adult participants who reported a history of RHI and/or TBI with those without this history on measures of depression and cognition.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 13,323 individuals (mean age, 61.95; 72.5% female) from the Brain Health Registry who completed online assessments, including the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and the CogState Brief Battery and Lumos Labs NeuroCognitive Performance Tests. Inverse propensity-weighted linear regressions accounting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and education tested the effects of RHI and TBI compared to a non-RHI/TBI group.ResultsA total of 725 participants reported RHI exposure (mostly contact sport play and abuse) and 7,277 reported TBI (n = 2,604 with loss of consciousness [LOC]). RHI (β, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.36–2.12), TBI without LOC (β, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.31–0.54), and TBI with LOC (β, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59–0.91) corresponded to higher GDS-15 scores. While TBI with LOC had the most neuropsychological associations, TBI without LOC had a negative effect on CogState Identification (β, 0.004; 95% CI, 0.001–0.01) and CogState One Back Test (β, 0.004; 95% CI, 0.0002–0.01). RHI predicted worse CogState One Back Test scores (β, 0.02; 95% CI, −0.01 to 0.05). There were RHI × TBI interaction effects on several neuropsychological subtests, and participants who had a history of both RHI and TBI with LOC had the greatest depression symptoms and worse cognition.ConclusionsRHI and TBI independently contributed to worse mid- to later-life neuropsychiatric and cognitive functioning.

scholarly journals Detecting a History of Repetitive Head Impacts from a Short Voice Recording

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Tauro ◽  
Mirco Ravanelli ◽  
Cristian A. Droppelmann
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brain Changes ◽  
Fine Tune

Repetitive head impacts (RHI) are associated with an increased risk of developing various neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and most notably, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). While the clinical presentation of AD and PD is well established, CTE can only be diagnosed post-mortem. Therefore, a distinction can be made between the pathologically defined CTE and RHI-related functional or structural brain changes (RHI-BC) which may result in CTE. Unfortunately, there are currently no accepted biomarkers of CTE nor RHI-BC, a major hurdle to achieving clinical diagnoses. Interestingly, speech has shown promise as a potential biomarker of both AD and PD, being used to accurately classify individuals with AD and PD from those without. Given the overlapping symptoms between CTE, RHI-BC, PD and AD, we aimed to determine if speech could be used to identify individuals with a history of RHI from those without. We therefore created the Verus dataset, consisting of 13 second voice recordings from 605 professional fighters (RHI group) and 605 professional athletes in non-contact sports (control group) for a total of 1210 recordings. Using a deep learning approach, we achieved 85% accuracy in detecting individuals with a history of RHI from those without. We then used our model trained on the Verus dataset to fine-tune on publicly available AD and PD speech datasets and achieved new state-of-the-art accuracies of 84.99% on the AD dataset and 89% on the PD dataset. Finding a biomarker of CTE and RHI-BC that presents early in disease progression is critical to improve risk management and patient outcome. Our study is the first we are aware of to investigate speech as such a candidate biomarker of RHI-BC.

scholarly journals The relation between neck strength and psychological distress: preliminary evidence from collegiate soccer athletes

Concussion ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. CNC91
Author(s):  
Tara Porfido ◽  
Nicola L de Souza ◽  
Allison M Brown ◽  
Jennifer F Buckman ◽  
Brian D Fanning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Brief Symptom Inventory ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Neck Strength ◽  
Lower Neck

Aim: To examine whether neck strength and symmetry are associated with psychological function in athletes with exposure to repetitive head impacts. Methods: Collegiate soccer (n = 29) and limited/noncontact (n = 63) athletes without a history of concussion completed the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 and assessments of isometric neck strength. Neck strength symmetry was calculated as the difference in strength between opposing muscle groups. Results: The results demonstrated that lower neck strength was associated with more symptoms of anxiety, whereas asymmetry in neck strength was associated with more symptoms of somatization and depression in soccer athletes only. Conclusion: These preliminary results suggest that greater neck strength/symmetry is related to better psychological function in athletes who have higher exposure to repetitive head impacts.

History of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 353-358
Author(s):  
Robert C. Cantu ◽  
Charles Bernick
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Initial Description

AbstractThe long-term effects of repetitive head impacts have been recognized for close to a century. What is now referred to as chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) was first described by Martland in 1928 in a series of boxers. Over the years, several important articles were published, including Critchley's 1957 report where he introduced the term “chronic traumatic encephalopathy,” Robert's study in 1969 which provided evidence of the prevalence of neurological impairment in retired fighters, and Corsellis' initial description of the pathology of CTE. However, what brought public attention to the issue of CTE in sports were the postmortem findings of CTE pathology in professional American football players, initially reported by Omalu and subsequently in a large series by McKee. There is now standardization of pathological criteria for CTE and recognition that it can be seen across all activities that involve repetitive head impacts.

Is it Possible to Protect the Adolescent Brain with Internal Mechanisms from Repetitive Head Impacts: Results from a Phase II Single Cohort, Longitudinal, Self-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsey Logan ◽  
Weihong Yuan ◽  
Kim D. Barber Foss ◽  
Jed A. Diekfuss ◽  
Christopher A. DiCesare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Ii ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Single Cohort

Association Between Antemortem FLAIR White Matter Hyperintensities and Neuropathology in Brain Donors Exposed to Repetitive Head Impacts

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000013012
Author(s):  
Madeline Uretsky ◽  
Sylvain Bouix ◽  
Ronald J. Killiany ◽  
Yorghos Tripodis ◽  
Brett Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Head Impact ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
Pathological Correlation ◽  
Daily Function

Background and Objectives:Late neuropathologies of repetitive head impacts from contact sports can include chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and white matter degeneration. White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI scans are often viewed as microvascular disease from vascular risk, but might have unique underlying pathologies and risk factors in the setting of repetitive head impacts. We investigated the neuropathological correlates of antemortem WMH in brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts. The association between WMH, and repetitive head impact exposure and informant-reported cognitive and daily function were tested.Methods:This imaging-pathological correlation study included symptomatic deceased men exposed to repetitive head impacts. Donors had antemortem FLAIR scans from medical records and were without evidence of CNS neoplasm, large vessel infarcts, hemorrhage, and/or encephalomalacia. WMH were quantified using log-transformed values for total lesion volume (TLV), calculated using the lesion prediction algorithm from the Lesion Segmentation Toolbox. Neuropathological assessments included semi-quantitative ratings of white matter rarefaction, cerebrovascular disease, p-tau severity (CTE stage, dorsolateral frontal cortex), and Aβ. Among football players, years of play was a proxy for repetitive head impact exposure. Retrospective informant-reported cognitive and daily function were assessed using the Cognitive Difficulties Scale (CDS) and Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ). Regression models controlled for demographics, diabetes, hypertension, and MRI resolution. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05.Results:The sample included 75 donors: 67 football players and 8 non-football contact sport athletes and/or military veterans. Dementia was the most common MRI indication (64%). Fifty-three (70.7%) had CTE at autopsy. Log-TLV was associated with white matter rarefaction (OR=2.32, 95% CI=1.03,5.24, p=0.04), arteriolosclerosis (OR=2.38, 95% CI=1.02,5.52, p=0.04), CTE stage (OR=2.58, 95% CI=1.17,5.71, p=0.02), and dorsolateral frontal p-tau severity (OR=3.03, 95% CI=1.32,6.97, p=0.01). There was no association with Aβ. More years of football play was associated with log-TLV (b=0.04, 95% CI=0.01,0.06, p=0.01). Greater log-TLV correlated with higher FAQ (unstandardized beta=4.94, 95% CI=0.42,8.57, p=0.03) and CDS scores (unstandardized beta=15.35, 95% CI=-0.27,30.97, p=0.05).Discussion:WMH might capture long-term white matter pathologies from repetitive head impacts, including those from white matter rarefaction and p-tau, in addition to microvascular disease. Prospective imaging-pathological correlation studies are needed.Classification of Evidence:This study provides Class IV evidence of associations between FLAIR white matter hyperintensities, and neuropathological changes (white matter rarefaction, arteriolosclerosis, p-tau accumulation), years of American football play, and reported cognitive symptoms in symptomatic brain donors exposed to repetitive head impacts.

P1-026: CEREBROSPINAL FLUID TAU, Aβ, AND STREM2 IN FORMER NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE PLAYERS: MODELING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN REPETITIVE HEAD IMPACTS, MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION, AND NEURODEGENERATION

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (7S_Part_4) ◽  
pp. P275-P276
Author(s):  
Michael L. Alosco ◽  
Yorghos Tripodis ◽  
Nathan G. Fritts ◽  
Amanda Heslegrave ◽  
Christine M. Baugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Microglial Activation ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Repetitive Head Impacts ◽  
The Relationship

Risk Factors for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Proposed Framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 439-449
Author(s):  
Alyssa Phelps ◽  
Jesse Mez ◽  
Robert A. Stern ◽  
Michael L. Alosco
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Military Veterans ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Risk Characterization ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Environmental Trigger ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pathological Development

AbstractChronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that has been neuropathologically diagnosed in contact and collision sport athletes, military veterans, and others with a history of exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI). Identifying methods to diagnose and prevent CTE during life is a high priority. Timely diagnosis and implementation of treatment and preventative strategies for neurodegenerative diseases, including CTE, partially hinge upon early and accurate risk characterization. Here, we propose a framework of risk factors that influence the neuropathological development of CTE. We provide an up-to-date review of the literature examining cumulative exposure to RHI as the environmental trigger for CTE. Because not all individuals exposed to RHI develop CTE, the direct and/or indirect influence of nonhead trauma exposure characteristics (e.g., age, sex, race, genetics) on the pathological development of CTE is reviewed. We conclude with recommendations for future directions, as well as opinions for preventative strategies that could mitigate risk.

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