scholarly journals Antidiabetic activities of Bolanthus spergulifolius (Caryophyllaceae) extracts on insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252707
Author(s):  
Gizem Ece Derici ◽  
Sibel Özdaş ◽  
İpek Canatar ◽  
Murat Koç
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Insulin Effect ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with chronic hyperglycemia featured by metabolic outcomes owing to insufficient insulin secretion and/or insulin effect defect. It is critical to investigate new therapeutic approaches for T2DM and alternative, natural agents that target molecules in potential signal pathways. Medicinal plants are significant resources in the research of alternative new drug active ingredients. Bolanthus spergulifolius (B. spergulifolius) is one of the genera of the family Caryophyllaceae. In this study, it was explored the potential anti-diabetic effects in vitro of B. spergulifolius extracts on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The total phenolic contents (TPC) of methanolic (MeOH), ethyl acettate (EA) and aqueous extracts of B. spergulifolius were evaluated via Folin-Ciocateau. B. spergulifolius extracts showing highly TPC (Aqueous< MeOH< EA) and their different concentrations were carried out on preadipocytes differentiated in to mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes to investigate their half-maximal (50%) inhibitory concentration (IC50) value by using Thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The IC50 of MeOH, EA and Aqueous extracts were observed as 305.7 ± 5.583 μg/mL, 567.4 ± 3.008 μg/mL, and 418.3 ± 4.390 μg/mL and used for further experiments. A live/dead assay further confirmed the cytotoxic effects of MeOH, EA and Aqueous extracts (respectively, 69.75 ± 1.70%, 61.75 ± 1.70%, 70 ± 4.24%, and for all p< 0.05). Also, effects of extracts on lipid accumulation in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were evaluated by Oil-Red O staining assay. The extracts effectively decreased lipid-accumulation compared to untreated adipocytes (for all p< 0.05). Moreover, effect of extracts on apoptosis regulated by the Bax and Bcl-2 was investigated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The extracts significantly induced apoptosis by up-regulating pro-apoptotic Bax expression but down-regulated anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression compared to untreated adipocytes (for all p< 0.05). The Glut-4 expression linked with insulin resistance was determined by qRT-PCR, Western-blot analysis, and immunofluorescence staining. In parallel, the expression of Glut-4 in adipocytes treated with extracts was significantly higher compared to untreated adipocytes (for all p< 0.05). Extracts significantly suppressed cell migration after 30 h of wounding in a scratch-assay (for all p< 0.05). Cell morphology and diameter were further evaluated by phase-contrast microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Immunofluorescence with F-Actin and Giemsa staining. The adipocytes treated with extracts partially lost spherical morphology and showed smaller cell-diameter compared to untreated adipocytes (for all p< 0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that extracts of B. spergulifolius cause to an induce apoptosis, decrease lipid-accumulation, wound healing, up-regulating Glut-4 level and might contribute to reducing of insulin-resistance in DM.

scholarly journals In vitro free radical scavenging and antidiabetic activity of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts: a comparative evaluation of Argyreia pierreana and Matelea denticulata

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkataiah Gudise ◽  
Bimalendu Chowdhury ◽  
Arehalli S. Manjappa
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Glut 4 ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Abstract Background Oxidation is believed to play a vital role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus by lipid peroxidation; DNA and protein damage leads to the development of vascular complications like coronary heart disease, stroke, neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. The herbal preparations are complementary and alternative medicines to allopathic drugs which are believed to cause adverse events. Therefore, the current study was aimed to identify the novel plants, which belong to the genera Argyreia (Argyreia pierreana (AP)) and Matelea (Matelea denticulata (MD)), and assess the aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts for in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic potential by DPPH, OH•, superoxide, and glucose uptake and gene expression (GLUT-4 and PPARγ) studies using the L-6 cell line respectively. Results The preliminary scrutiny revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, and glycosides. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of ethanolic extracts were found higher than those of aqueous extracts. The ethanolic extracts exhibited the superior antioxidant capacity when compared with aqueous extracts. However, the ethanolic extract of MD was shown superlative glucose uptake activity (72.54%) over control (0.037%) and GLUT-4 and PPARγ gene expressions (1.17 and 1.20) in term of folds respectively over cell control (1.00). Conclusion The ethanolic leaf extracts of both plants showed significant in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities compare to aqueous extracts. The Matelea denticulata ethanolic leaf extract exhibited superior activity. This superior activity might be due to their higher phenolic and flavonoid content. However, further approaches are needed to define these activities.

Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Organic and Aqueous Extracts of Northeast Algerian Marrubium vulgare

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S119-S129
Author(s):  
I. Namoune ◽  
B. Khettal ◽  
A.M. Assaf ◽  
S. Elhayek ◽  
L. Arrar
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Marrubium Vulgare ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Marrubium vulgare (Lamiaceae) is frequently used in traditional medicine to treat many illnesses from ancient times. Its beneficial effects include antibacterial, antioedematogenic, and analgesic activities. This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of organic and aqueous extracts of the leaves, the flowers, the stems, and the roots of Marrubium vulgare. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as the antioxidant and the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts have been investigated by using different in-vitro methods. It was found that the ethyl acetate extract from Marrubium vulgare stems had the highest total phenolic content, while the ethyl acetate extract from the leaves yielded a high concentration of flavonoids. The ethyl acetate extract from the stems exhibited the highest activity in scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), as well as in protecting erythrocytes. The leaves aqueous extract exhibited the highest ferrous chelating activity and its methanolic extract was found to be the strongest inhibitor of lipid peroxidation in β-carotene bleaching assay. The leaves chloroform extracts as well as the flowers methanol, chloroform, and ethyl acetate extracts were found to decrease the pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) cytokine levels in a dose-dependent manner. On the other hand, the flowers methanolic extract and the leaves methanol, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts decreased the interleukin-1 beta (IL- 1β) release. It was also found that the methanol extract from the flowers and the chloroform extract from the stems of Marrubium vulgare inhibited interleukin-8 (IL-8) release. This study provides a scientific basis for the traditional use of Marrubium vulgare as an anti-inflammatory agent and for the plant to be considered as an important resource of natural antioxidants.

Wogonin Alleviates Hyperglycemia Through Increased Glucose Entry into Cells Via AKT/GLUT4 Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2602-2606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Khan ◽  
Mohammad A. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Main Factor

: Insulin resistance and type 2 Diabetes mellitus resulting in chronic hyperglycemia is a major health problem in the modern world. Many drugs have been tested to control hyperglycemia which is believed to be the main factor behind many of the diabetes-related late-term complications. Wogonin is a famous herbal medicine which has been shown to be effective in controlling diabetes and its complications. In our previous work, we showed that wogonin is beneficial in many ways in controlling diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this review, we mainly explained wogonin anti-hyperglycemic property through AKT/GLUT4 pathway. Here we briefly discussed that wogonin increases Glut4 trafficking to plasma membrane which allows increased entry of glucose and thus alleviates hyperglycemia. Conclusion: Wogonin can be used as an anti-diabetic and anti-hyperglycemic drug and works via AKT/GLUT4 pathway.

Evaluation of diuretic and antioxidant properties in aqueous bark and fruit extracts of pine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Shariati ◽  
Mohammad Hassanpour ◽  
Gholamreza Sharifzadeh ◽  
Asghar Zarban ◽  
Saeed Samarghandian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The present study has been carried out to evaluate the diuretic and antioxidant properties of pine herb in an animal model. Materials and Methods: 45 adult male rats were randomly divided into nine groups including: groups I (the negative control), groups II (positive control, furosemide 10 mg/kg), groups III to VIII (treatment groups received 100, 200, 400 mg/kg of the aqueous extracts of bark and fruit) and group IX received the combination of aqueous extract of bark (100 mg/kg) and the fruit (100 mg/kg). The urine output, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), electrolytes, urea, and creatinine levels were evaluated . Furthermore, the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of both extracts were also assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Folin–Ciocalteu methods. Results: The aqueous extracts of the pine bark and fruit increased the urinary output in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of the two extracts compared to the other extracts alone significantly increased the serum potassium level. This study also showed each extract increase creatinine clearance in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.01 and p<0.05). The increase of GFR in the combination group was not significant. The current data showed a significant increase in the total phenolic content in pine bark extract in compared with the fruit extract. Conclusion: The pine bark and fruit can be useful in the prevention and treatment of kidney stones due to the high antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Abnormal expression of rno_circRNA_014900 and rno_circRNA_005442 induced by ketamine in the rat hippocampus

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Mao ◽  
Tianmei Li ◽  
Di Fan ◽  
Hongli Zhou ◽  
Jianguo Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Genes ◽  
Circular Rna ◽  
Fold Change ◽  
Rat Hippocampus ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Signal Pathways ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Abnormal Expression ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Pathway Analyses

Abstract Background Recent studies have shown that circular RNA (circRNA) is rich in microRNA (miRNA) binding sites. We have previously demonstrated that the antidepressant effect of ketamine is related to the abnormal expression of various miRNAs in the brain. This study determined the expression profile of circRNAs in the hippocampus of rats treated with ketamine. Methods The aberrantly expressed circRNAs in rat hippocampus after ketamine injection were analyzed by microarray chip, and we further validated these circRNAs by quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The target genes of the different circRNAs were predicted using bioinformatic analyses, and the functions and signal pathways of these target genes were investigated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Results Microarray analysis showed that five circRNAs were aberrantly expressed in rat hippocampus after ketamine injection (fold change > 2.0, p < 0.05). The results from the qRT-PCR showed that one of the circRNAs was significantly increased (rno_circRNA_014900; fold change = 2.37; p = 0.03), while one was significantly reduced (rno_circRNA_005442; fold change = 0.37; p = 0.01). We discovered a significant enrichment in several GO terms and pathways associated with depression. Conclusion Our findings showed the abnormal expression of ketamine-induced hippocampal circRNAs in rats.

scholarly journals Publisher Correction: Deletion of the diabetes candidate gene Slc16a13 in mice attenuates diet-induced ectopic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Schumann ◽  
Jörg König ◽  
Christian von Loeffelholz ◽  
Daniel F. Vatner ◽  
Dongyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Diabetes Candidate Gene

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds, Antioxidant, and Antibacterial Properties of Lonicera caerulea Berries: Evaluation of 11 Cultivars

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Laima Česonienė ◽  
Juozas Labokas ◽  
Ina Jasutienė ◽  
Antanas Šarkinas ◽  
Vilma Kaškonienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Lonicera Caerulea ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Total Phenolic Contents ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

The aim of the study was to evaluate 11 cultivars of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) for bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity, and the antibacterial activity of berries. Total phenolic contents (TPCs) and total anthocyanin contents (TACs) were established by using ethanolic extracts. For contents of organic acids and saccharides, aqueous extracts were used, and vitamin C was determined by using oxalic acid solution. DPPH• radical scavenging capacity was evaluated by using ethanolic extracts; antibacterial activity was assessed by using both ethanolic and aqueous extracts. The TPC varied from 364.02 ± 0.41 mg/100 g in ‘Vostorg’ to 784.5 ± 0.3 mg/100 g in ‘Obilnaja’, and TAC ranged from 277.8 ± 1.1 mg/100 g in ‘Čelnočnaja’ to 394.1 ± 8.4 mg/100 g in ‘Nimfa’. Anthocyanins comprised 53.8% of total phenolic contents on average. Among organic acids, citric acid was predominant, averaging 769.41 ± 5.34 mg/100 g, with malic and quinic acids amounting to 289.90 ± 2.64 and 45.00 ± 0.37 mg/100 g on average, respectively. Contents of vitamin C were 34.26 ± 0.25 mg/100 g on average. Organic acids were most effective in the inhibition of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested. In conclusion, berries of L. caerulea are beneficial not only for fresh consumption, but also as a raw material or ingredients of foods with high health-promoting value.

scholarly journals Methanolic leaf extract of Gymnema sylvestre augments glucose uptake and ameliorates Insulin resistance by upregulating GLUT-4, PPAR- and #947;, adiponectin and leptin levels in vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puttanarasaiah Kumar ◽  
Marikunte Venkataranganna ◽  
Kirangadur Manjunath ◽  
Gollapalle Viswanatha ◽  
Godavarthi Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Gymnema Sylvestre ◽  
Glut 4
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