scholarly journals Isolation, identification, and biological characteristics of Clostridium sartagoforme from rabbit

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259715
Author(s):  
Ruiguang Gong ◽  
Xiangyang Ye ◽  
Shuhui Wang ◽  
Zhanjun Ren
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Pairwise Sequence Alignment ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Stable Growth ◽  
Extracellular Environment

In order to develop microbial additives for rabbit feed, a spore-forming bacteria was isolated from the feces of Hyla rabbit using reinforced clostridium medium (RCM). The 16S rDNA sequence of the bacterium was subjected to pairwise sequence alignment using BLAST; the colony morphology, and physiological, biochemical, and stress resistance were studied. The results showed that the bacterium was Clostridium sartagoforme, a gram positive anaerobe, which can produce spores. The colony diameter was 0.5 mm—2.5 mm, the diameter of the bacteria was 0.5 μm—1.0 μm × 2.0 μm—6.3 μm, and the spore diameter was 1 μm—1.2 μm × 1 μm—1.2 μm. C. sartagoforme can utilize various sugars and alcohols such as fructose, galactose, sorbitol, and inositol. It secreted cellulase into the extracellular environment to form a transparent hydrolysis circle in Congo red medium, it could not liquify gelatin, and the lysine decarboxylase reaction was positive. In liquid medium it entered the stable growth period after 9 h of inoculation. Additionally, it had good stress resistance with a survival rate that exceeded 53% after gastric juice (pH 2.5) treatment for 3 h, it grew in a medium with a bile salt concentration of 0.3%, and the survival rate exceeded 85% after 10 minutes at 80°C. Moreover, animal testing indicated that this strain has no adverse effects on the morbidity and mortality of rabbits. In summary, C. sartagoforme XN-T4 was isolated from rabbit feces. This bacterium has good resistance to stress, can decompose a variety of monosaccharides and polysaccharides including cellulose, which is relatively harmless for animal health.

scholarly journals Influence of sports-type physical activity on the formation of predictors of stress and its consequences in adolescents of school age

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 623-628
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Bulycheva ◽  
Ilya A. Setko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Mental Condition ◽  
School Age ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Current State ◽  
Resistance To Stress

Introduction. Physical activity in a sports mode can have a positive effect not only on physical health but also on mental condition. In this regard, sports motor activity can be considered a factor in increasing resistance to stress and protection from stressors in adolescents of school age. Materials and methods. 200 students aged 15-17 yrs, formed into two groups, a comparative assessment of the mental factors of the current state was carried out, which is determined by the action of stressors, including the level of anxiety, negative emotional experiences, cognitive activity, stress and stress resistance. The carried out correlation and factor analysis established the relationship between the studied mental factors of the mental state. Results. A significant decrease in the level of anxiety and negative emotional experiences in educational activity among athletes was determined in comparison with the data of adolescents who were not athletes, while in everyday activities these indicators practically did not differ among adolescents from the studied groups. The effective potential of adaptation to stressful situations in adolescents was evidenced by the data obtained on a decrease in the stress level by 1.4 times and an increase in the level of stress resistance by 1.5 times relative to these adolescents who are not athletes. Correlation analysis indicates the level of resistance to stress and stress to be associated with the level of anxiety and negative emotional experiences. At the same time, it was determined that athletes during the formation of stress, anxiety and negative emotional experiences were chosen to account for only 18% of the variance (F = 12.68, p≤0.0001), while in non-athletes - 44% (F = 42.59, p≤0.0001). Conclusion. Organized sports activity of adolescents plays an essential role in improving and maintaining mental factors of the current state, such as anxiety, negative emotional experiences, stress and stress resistance.

Spiritual and moral bases of psychological safety of mining-students

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
A. V. Koteneva ◽  
◽  
P. V. Chelyshev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Psychological Safety ◽  
Moral Choice ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Individual

Psychological safety of a specialist’s personality in stressful situations is a condition of his successful professional work. The empirical study is devoted to the investigation of personal qualities (stress resistance, religiosity and moral stability) underlying the psychological safety of future miners. The research involved 52 students aged from 18 to 25 years (average age – 19.9 years), 30 males and 22 females. Research methods: “Diagnostics of personality’s psychological safety” by I. I. Prikhodko, “Questionnaire of religiosity” by I. S. Shemet, “Friend-adviser-1” (DS-1) by E. K. Veselova, “Questionnaire of psychological resistance to stress” by E. V. Raspopin, “Psychological stress scale PSM-25” by Lemur-Thesier-Fillion. Academic success was assessed on the basis of students’ academic performance. Methods of mathematical statistics were used for data processing – T-criterion for independent samples, correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study show that young men are characterized by a higher level of overall safety index and its specific components-motivational, volitional and internal comfort, as well as a lower level of stress, moral stability than young women. Significant positive connections between psychological safety of the person, all its components and stress resistance among students are revealed. Religiosity is significantly associated with the motivational and volitional characteristics of students, and is also the main predictor of psychological safety of the individual in life situations that exceed their own resources of coping with stress. Moral stability provides spiritual safety of personality, allows to keep the deep personal beginning of man. However, in a situation of moral choice, it increases students’ mental tension which negatively affects academic performance, while the psychological safety of the person is a condition for successful completion of the session. This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation № 19-18-00058.

scholarly journals Effects of Low ω6:ω3 Ratio in Sow Diet and Seaweed Supplement in Piglet Diet on Performance, Colostrum and Milk Fatty Acid Profiles, and Oxidative Status

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2049
Author(s):  
Thi Xuan Nguyen ◽  
Alessandro Agazzi ◽  
Marcello Comi ◽  
Valentino Bontempo ◽  
Invernizzi Guido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Weaning Piglets ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
The Impact

The ratio of omega-6 (ω6) to omega-3 (ω3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the diet contributes to animal health and performance modulations because they have mostly opposite physiological functions. Increasing ω3 PUFAs content in the maternal diet can stimulate antioxidative capacity in sow and piglets; however, the optimal ratio of ω6 and ω3 PUFAs in the sow diet is still under discussion. Rich sources of bioactive constituents such as brown seaweed are an excellent supplementation to promote animal health and antioxidant status. However, the knowledge of the effects of this compound, specifically in post-weaning piglets, is still limited. Moreover, the combined effect of a low ω6:ω3 PUFAs ratio in sow diet and seaweed supplementation in post-weaning piglets’ diet has never been studied. This research aims to assess the combined effect of a low ω6:ω3 ratio in sow diets and seaweed supplementation in piglet diets on their growth and oxidative status. We also assessed the impact of a low ω6:ω3 ratio in the maternal diet on reproduction, milk fatty acid (FA) profile, and plasma leptin concentration. Two sow diets (n = 8 each) contained either a control ratio (CR, 13:1 during gestation, starting from day 28 (G28) and 10:1 during lactation) or a low ratio (LR, 4:1 from G28 until the end of lactation (L-End)) of ω6:ω3 FA by adding soybean oil or linseed oil, respectively. Reproductive performance was evaluated. Colostrum and milk at lactation day 7 (L7) and L-End were collected to analyze FA profile. Plasma was collected at G28, G79, G108, L7, L14, and L-End for determination of leptin and oxidative status. At weaning, 20 male piglets were selected per sow group to form 4 diet treatments (n = 10 each), which were supplemented with or without 4 g/kg seaweed. Recording of growth performance and collection of blood were performed at days 0, 7, 15, and 21 of post-weaning for oxidative status. LR diet increased (p < 0.05) the survival rate of piglets at weaning, and individual and litter weight gains. Colostrum and milk at L7 and L-End had lower (p < 0.05) ω6:ω3 ratio in LR sows. Interaction between dietary treatments on sows and piglets was revealed for all examined growth parameters at most time points (p < 0.05). LR diet did not affect plasma leptin levels and oxidative status. These findings suggest that the seaweed supplement during post-weaning could not improve growth rate and oxidative status of piglets born from mothers receiving a low dietary ω6:ω3 ratio (4:1) during gestation and lactation. However, this low ratio was beneficial for weaning survival rate, sucking piglets’ weight gain, and ω3 enrichment in colostrum and milk.

scholarly journals Characteristics of stress tolerance of working women and housewives

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Shafa Nasibova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Working Women ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bodily Harm ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Type Character ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Levels

In psychology, stress is a feeling of strain and pressure. Small amounts of stress may be desired, beneficial, and even healthy. Positive stress helps improve athletic performance. It also plays a factor in motivation, adaptation, and reaction to the environment. Excessive amounts of stress, however, may lead to bodily harm. Stress can be external and related to the environment, but may also be created by internal perceptions that cause an individual to experience anxiety or other negative emotions surrounding a situation, such as pressure, discomfort, etc., which they then deem stressful. The level of resistance to stress manifests itself at different levels in individual individuals. On the one hand, it has to do with an individual's life history, on the other hand, the environment around him, the type, character, and even sex of the individual's nervous system. In the article, we talked about the stress resistance characteristics of working and non-working women.

scholarly journals MORPHOPHYSIOLOGY OF RHIZOBIA ISOLATED FROM NATIVE FORAGE OF FABACEAE OF THE CAATINGA

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 904-914
Author(s):  
SUELANE DE MELO DIAS ◽  
ALBERÍCIO PEREIRA DE ANDRADE ◽  
ADAILSON PEREIRA DE SOUZA ◽  
ANDRÉ LUIZ RODRIGUES MAGALHÃES ◽  
RISELANE DE LUCENA ALCÂNTARA BRUNO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Ph Tolerance ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Macroptilium Atropurpureum ◽  
Physiological Tests ◽  
Exopolysaccharides Production

ABSTRACT The rhizobia found in Fabaceae plants of the Caatinga may have potential as fodder in the semiarid region, thus increasing the availability of feed for animal production in this region. This study aimed to characterize the morphophysiology of rhizobia strains of the forage species Mimosa tenuiflora (Jurema preta), Macroptilium atropurpureum (Siratro), and Desmanthus pernambucanus (Jureminha). The soil used as the substrate was collected at specific locations in the municipalities of Sertânia, Arcoverde, and São Bento do Una, state of Pernambuco. The characterization of rhizobial colonies included growth period, diameter, elevation, transparency, exopolysaccharides production, and color. In addition, salinity, temperature, and pH tolerance tests of the native rhizobia were conducted. Evaluation of cultures showed that the isolates formed colonies with flat elevation, moderate production of exopolysaccharides, coloration varying from cream to white, and a smooth surface. Physiological tests of abiotic stress resistance showed that the native species isolated from M. tenuiflora were more resistant when grown in soils from the municipality of Sertânia and isolates from M. atropurpureum and D. pernambucanus had high resistance to high temperatures, regardless of place of farming. It can be concluded that native rhizobia from the Semiarid region of Pernambuco show resistance to stress caused by high temperatures, salinity variation, and pH. These characteristics are influenced by soil and the botanical species in symbiosis with the rhizobia.

scholarly journals Using Swimming Speed as an Indicator of Malformation: A Practical Approach for Identification and Removal of Juvenile Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax L., 1758) with Skeletal Deformity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1480-1484
Author(s):  
Ali Yıldırım Korkut ◽  
Tolga Mustafa Tolon ◽  
Kutsal Gamsız ◽  
Aysun Kop
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
Skeletal Deformity ◽  
Mechanical Removal

Skeletal abnormalities in farmed fish are one of the main problems that negatively affect the production enterprises in terms of economic, biological and animal health. Fish with skeletal deformities in hatcheries are considered as non-economic individuals and are therefore detected and removed manually from the production tanks, which is a time consuming and laborious work for the facilities. Since the formation of abnormalities in the skeletal structure of the fish during the early growth period cause reduced swimming ability or speed that prevent fish to compete during feeding. Further, since deformed fish has no market value, even the share of a small amount of feed among deformed fish will reduce the feed conversion for the market targeted individuals within the culture tank that in terms may increase the production cost per fish. Therefore, in culture conditions it is important to remove the deformed fish from the tank environment by quickly determining those fellows at the early stage of growth. The present study evaluates the effects of water velocity on swimming behavior of juvenile seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and provides a solution for a rapid identification -and mechanical removal of deformed fish from the culture environment by using swimming speed slowdown -and behavioral differences as an indicator of deformation.

scholarly journals Welfare and sperm quality with a focus on stress resistance of Bos taurus

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-498
Author(s):  
O. M. Chernenko ◽  
V. M. Prishedko ◽  
R. V. Mylostyvyi ◽  
N. M. Shulzhenko ◽  
O. S. Orishchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Group I ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Resistance To Stress ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Different Response

We studied the effect on the welfare of bulls (n=16) of their resistance to stress. The bulls with less stress resistance (group II) were in a standing position during by 53.6 minutes longer than their highly resistant peers (group I) during 24 hrs. On the contrary, the bulls of the group I rested (lying) by 87 minutes longer. The welfare of the bulls, due to different response to stress and behavioral patterns, affected sperm quality. Defect of sperm not suitable for use compared to peers of group I was higher in bulls of group II by 12.9-22.2% in the first three years of breeding.

scholarly journals SKN-1 Is a Negative Regulator of DAF-16 and Somatic Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1707-1712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhui Deng ◽  
Yuxi Dai ◽  
Haiqing Tang ◽  
Shanshan Pang
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Nuclear Import ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Somatic Stress ◽  
Oxidative Stress Responses ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The transcription factor SKN-1, the C. elegans ortholog of mammalian Nrf protein, is a well-known longevity factor, and its activation is observed in several long-lived models. SKN-1 also plays essential roles in xenobiotic and oxidative stress responses. Here, we report deleterious functions of SKN-1 in somatic stress resistance that may impair lifespan. Constitutive SKN-1 activation impairs animal resistance to several stresses, including heat, ER stress and mitochondrial stress, which result from the suppression of DAF-16, another master regulator of longevity. SKN-1 activation abrogates DAF-16 nuclear import and downregulates DAF-16 target genes under stress conditions, while SKN-1 inhibition promotes the expression of DAF-16 targets, even in long-lived mutants. Further, SKN-1 activation induces the expression of vitellogenin proteins, which are required for SKN-1-mediated suppression of DAF-16 and stress resistance. Together, these findings identify detrimental roles for SKN-1 activation in animal health, and more importantly, inspire the rethinking of the complex roles for SKN-1 in aging regulation.

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