scholarly journals Prevalence and predictive risk factors of hypertension in patients hospitalized in Kamenge Military hospital and Kamenge University teaching hospital in 2019: A fixed effect modelling study in Burundi

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260225
Author(s):  
Arnaud Iradukunda ◽  
Emmanuel Nene Odjidja ◽  
Stephane Karl Ndayishima ◽  
Egide Ngendakumana ◽  
Gabin Pacifique Ndayishimiye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Predictive Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Introduction Hypertension is a major threat to public health globally. Especially in sub-Saharan African countries, this coexists with high burden of other infectious diseases, creating a complex public health situation which is difficult to address. Tackling this will require targeted public health intervention based on evidence that well defines the at risk population. In this study, using retrospective data from two referral hospitals in Burundi, we model the risk factors of hypertension in Burundi. Materials and methods Retrospective data of a sample of 353 randomly selected from a population of 4,380 patients admitted in 2019 in two referral hospitals in Burundi: Military and University teaching hospital of Kamenge. The predictive risk factors were carried out by fixed effect logistic regression. Model performance was assessed with Area under Curve (AUC) method. Model was internally validated using bootstrapping method with 2000 replications. Both data processing and data analysis were done using R software. Results Overall, 16.7% of the patients were found to be hypertensive. This study didn’t showed any significant difference of hypertension’s prevalences among women (16%) and men (17.7%). After adjustment of the model for cofounding covariates, associated risk factors found were advanced age (40–59 years) and above 60 years, high education level, chronic kidney failure, high body mass index, familial history of hypertension. In absence of these highlighted risk factors, the risk of hypertension occurrence was about 2 per 1000 persons. This probability is more than 90% in patients with more than three risk factors. Conclusion The relatively high prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension in Burundi raises a call for concern especially in this context where there exist an equally high burden of infectious diseases, other chronic diseases including chronic malnutrition. Targeting interventions based on these identified risk factors will allow judicious channel of resources and effective public health planning.

scholarly journals Predictive Risk Factors of Hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Fixed Effect Modelling Study in Burundi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud IRADUKUNDA ◽  
Emmanuel Nene Odjidja ◽  
Cheilla IZERE ◽  
Nestor NTAKABURIMVO ◽  
Arlene AKIMANA
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
High Burden ◽  
Referral Hospitals ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Predictive Risk ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract BackgroundHypertension, signalled by persistently high systolic and diastolic blood pressure is a major threat to public health globally. Especially in sub-Saharan African countries, this coexists with high burden of other infectious diseases, creating a complex public health situation which is difficult to address. Tackling this will require targeted public health intervention based on evidence that well defines the at risk population. In this study, using retrospective data from two referral hospitals in Burundi, we model the risk factors associated with hypertension in Burundi MethodsRetrospective data of a sample of 353 randomly selected from a population of 4,380 patients admitted in 2019 in two referral hospitals in Burundi: Military and University teaching hospital of Kamenge. The predictive risk factors were carried out by fixed effect logistic regression. Model performance was assessed by Area under Curve (AUC). Model was internally validated via bootstrapping with 2000 replications. All analysis were conducted in R.ResultsOverall, 16.7% of the patients were found to be hypertensive. After adjustment of the model for cofounding covariates, associated risk factors found were advanced age (40 years) AOR: 6.03, 95% CI: 1.86- 17.19) and above 60 years, (AOR: 12.76, 95% CI: 3.30 – 14.26). Patients comorbid with chronic kidney failure were 4.95 times more (95% CI: 1.83-15.82) to be hypertensive and among those with family history of hypertension, the adjusted risk were twice. Compared to non-smokers, smokers were 2.87 times more likely to develop hypertension (95% CI: 0.87 – 9.15).The highest probabilities are observed to patients who are at the same time smokers, overweight, with chronic kidney failure, family history with hypertension with secondary or university as highest educational level. The model had an excellent predictive performance (AUC), accurately predicting 88.71% (95% CI: 84.17%-92.5%) of all observations Conclusion The relatively high prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension in Burundi raises a call for concern especially in this context where there exist an equally high burden of infectious diseases, other chronic diseases including chronic malnutrition. Targeting interventions based on these identified risk factors will allow judicious channel of resources and effective public health planning.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Anaemia in Children Aged Six Months to Fifteen Years Admitted to University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
M. N. Inambao ◽  
◽  
V Mulenga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Severe Anaemia ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Anaemia is a public health problem globally affecting 293.1 million children and 28.5% of these children are in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anaemia and the associated risk factors of anaemia in children aged 6 months to 15 years admitted to the University Teaching Hospital. There have been no studies done at University Teaching Hospital to establish the burden of anaemia in children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2016 to December 2016. 351 children were recruited through convenient sampling methods. Data collection sheet was used to collect socio-demographic and anthropometry data. The prevalence, associated risk factors of anaemia, and morphological types of anaemia were determined after blood investigations were done. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21.0. The association between predictors and outcome variables were measured using logistic regression and bivariate analysis. Ethical permission was obtained, consent from parents/guardians was taken and confidentiality was maintained. Results: A total of 351 children were studied. The mean age was 3 years (IOR 2-7 years). 45.9% were females and 54.1% were males (P=0.12). The mean cell volume was 74. 5fL.Malnourished children were 37.9% among those who were anaemic as compared to 33.7% in the non-anaemic group. 7.4% of children had positive malaria by rapid diagnostic test (RDT). 23.8% had a positive sickling test. The prevalence of anaemia was 161/351 (45.9%). Mild, moderate, severe anaemia was 47/161(29%), 86/161(53%) and 28/161(17%) respectively. The age group 6 months to 5 years was the most affected with 59% mildly, 69.8% moderately and 71.4% severely anaemic. On bivariate analysis malnutrition, HIV, malaria, age and sex were not associated with anaemia and there was no statistical difference. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of haemoglobin S was the only risk factor independently strongly associated with Anaemia (CI-0.2-0.7), p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: Anaemia is a health problem at University Teaching hospital and the under-five age group is the most affected. Predictors of mild, moderate and severe anaemia is sickle cell disease. Therefore, improving on early screening of sickle cell disease and investigating the role of iron deficiency anaemia are some of the strategies to be advocated.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Episiotomy and Perineal Lacerations in a University Teaching Hospital, North-Central Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
S K Hembah-Hilekaan ◽  
A O Ojabo ◽  
O Audu ◽  
P E Onche ◽  
M T Maanongun
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Perineal Laceration ◽  
Perineal Lacerations ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries

Episiotomy is an incision on the introitus and the perineum to increase pelvic outlet to facilitate childbirth and prevent trauma to fetal and maternal tissues. Episiotomy and perineal laceration may predispose the woman to short and long term complications. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of episiotomy and perineal lacerations and their associated risks factors at Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Nigeria. Retrospective data of all women who had spontaneous vagina delivery over a 3 year period with perineal laceration/episiotomy were reviewed. Data was obtained from the records and information on the socio-demographic variables, episiotomies, lacerations and the birth weight of infants. The associated risk factors were recorded using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.Of the 636 vaginal deliveries, 85(13.4%) had lacerations with 65(10.2%) first degree, 19(3.0%) second degree and 1(0.2%) major laceration. Episiotomy rate was 132(20.8%). The mean parity and birth weight of infants were 2.62(SD= ± 1.83) and 3.1 kg (SD= ± 0.767) respectively. The highest number of perineal tears 69(10.8%) were in the lower age group (≤ 30 years). A similar observation was noted in respect of episiotomies which rate however decreased with parity. The relationship between maternal age, parity, booking status, fetal weight and the perineal status at delivery was statistically significant (P≤ 0.05). Episiotomy and perineal laceration rates in our institution were low. The major risk factors were low parity, young maternal age and increasing fetal weight at birth and their presence should be an early warning sign. We advise perineal support for all women during delivery.

scholarly journals Pattern, risk factors, and outcome of acute stroke in a Nigerian university teaching hospital: A 1-year review

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Babawale Arabambi ◽  
Olajumoke Oshinaike ◽  
OluwakemiOluwabunmi Akilo ◽  
Yakub Yusuf ◽  
ShamsideenAbayomi Ogun
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Nigerian University

Foot ulcers and risk factors among diabetic patients visiting Surgery Department in a University Teaching Hospital in Ajman, UAE

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Venkatramana Manda ◽  
Jayadevan Sreedharan ◽  
Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil ◽  
Rajdeep Das ◽  
Emi Hisamatsu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Surgery Department
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