scholarly journals First report of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 detection in two asymptomatic cats in the state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 2839-2842
Author(s):  
Ivyson da Silva Epifanio ◽  
Davi dos Santos Rodrigues ◽  
Leonardo Borges de Lima ◽  
Maria Aurea de Azevedo Nogueira ◽  
Laelia Reginae do Monte Pessoa Felix ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The City

Background and Aim: Despite worldwide case reports, including Brazilian cases, no frequency study on infection of pets by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been conducted to date in Brazil. Accordingly, the present study was aimed to assess dogs and cats belonging to positive owners in Recife, Northeastern Brazil. Materials and Methods: This was a longitudinal prospective study on dogs and cats in the city of Recife whose owners were in isolation at home due to a confirmed laboratory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 through reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Oral and rectal swabs from the pets were tested for the presence of SARS-CoV-2-specific RNA by means of RT-qPCR. Results: Among the pets tested, 0/16 dogs and 2/15 cats were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Interestingly, the two positive cats were owned by two unrelated asymptomatic veterinary students, which, therefore, post a warning to veterinarians worldwide. Conclusion: The findings herein indicate that cats may act as sentinels for human cases, particularly sharing households with asymptomatic human cases. Although with small sampling and convenient recruiting, the presence of infected cats by SARS-CoV-2 was most likely due to close cat-human contact with positive owners, posting a human-animal health threat when pets share the same bed and interact with owners without protection, particularly during owner self-isolation. Thus, infected owners should follow the same human preventive guidelines with their pets to avoid spreading infection.

scholarly journals Guillain-Barré Syndrome Associated With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Detection and Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Child

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 510-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maher Khalifa ◽  
Fairouz Zakaria ◽  
Yasser Ragab ◽  
Ahmed Saad ◽  
Ahmed Bamaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adult Case ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Oropharyngeal Swab ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Current Report ◽  
First Descriptions

Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Physicians in China reported what is believed to be the first adult case of a SARS-CoV-2 infection associated with acute Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), followed by 5 adult Italian patients and another case in the United States. In the current report, we present one of the first descriptions of an association of GBS and SARS-CoV-2 infection in a child. In our facility, an 11-year-old boy presented with typical features of GBS and, after 5 days, a morbilliform skin rash over the palms of both hands. Three weeks before the start of the neurological symptoms, the boy had experienced an episode of mild febrile illness with mild respiratory manifestations and a persistent cough. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by oropharyngeal swab on reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. The disease course of our patient strongly suggests a possible relationship between the development of GBS and SARS-CoV-2 infection. The case is discussed in view of previous case reports regarding the association of GBS and COVID-19.

scholarly journals Coronavirus disease 2019 and dengue: two case reports

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Isneen Hilmy ◽  
Rajib Kumar Dey ◽  
Hisham Ahmed Imad ◽  
Abdul Azeez Yoosuf ◽  
Ali Nazeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Asian Male

Abstract Background The pandemic of this century has overwhelmed the healthcare systems of affected countries, and all resources have been diverted to coronavirus disease 2019. At the onset, coronavirus disease 2019 can present as any other acute febrile undifferentiated illness. In tropical regions, clinicians are increasingly challenged to differentiate these febrile illnesses without the use of diagnostics. With this pandemic, many of these tropical diseases are neglected and go underreported. Dengue is holoendemic in the Maldives, and dengue viruses circulate throughout the year. Reports about coinfections with dengue virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 are scarce, and the outcome and the dynamics of the disease may be altered in the presence of coinfection. We have described the clinical manifestation and serial laboratory profile, and highlighted the atypical findings uncommon in dengue infection. Case presentation Case 1 was a 39-year old Asian male, presented on day 6 of dengue infection with warning signs. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that was done as per hospital protocol was found to be positive. Case 2 was a 38-year old Asian male, was admitted on day 5 of illness with symptoms of acute respiratory infection with positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Evaluation of progressive leukopenia and thrombocytopenia showed positive dengue serology. Conclusion Clinicians must be conscientious when working on the differential diagnosis of possible tropical diseases in cases of coronavirus disease 2019, specifically, when patients develop hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia, and transaminitis with elevated expression of aspartate higher than alanine transaminase, which is frequently observed in dengue infection. Caution must be taken during the administration of intravenous fluids when treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and dengue coinfection, as coronavirus disease 2019 patients are more prone to develop pulmonary edema. Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to avoid the devastating complications of severe forms of dengue infection. It is important to repeat and reconfirm the dengue serology in coronavirus disease 2019 patients to avoid false positivity. Diligence and care must be taken not to neglect other endemic tropical diseases in the region during the present pandemic.

scholarly journals Repeated SARS-CoV-2 Positivity: Analysis of 123 Cases

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Szilárd Váncsa ◽  
Fanni Dembrovszky ◽  
Nelli Farkas ◽  
Lajos Szakó ◽  
Brigitta Teutsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Patient Data ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Meta Analyses

Repeated positivity and reinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is a significant concern. Our study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of repeatedly positive testing after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recovery. We performed a systematic literature search following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. With available individual patient data reporting on repeatedly SARS-CoV-2 positive (RSP) patients, case reports, and case series were included in this analysis. We performed a descriptive analysis of baseline characteristics of repeatedly positive cases. We assessed the cases according to the length of their polymerase chain reaction (PCR) negative interval between the two episodes. Risk factors for the severity of second episodes were evaluated. Overall, we included 123 patients with repeated positivity from 56 publications, with a mean repeated positivity length of 47.8 ± 29.9 days. Younger patients were predominant in the delayed (>90 days) recurrent positive group. Furthermore, comparing patients with RSP intervals of below 60 and above 60 days, we found that a more severe disease course can be expected if the repeated positivity interval is shorter. Severe and critical disease courses might predict future repeatedly positive severe and critical COVID-19 episodes. In conclusion, our results show that the second episode of SARS-CoV-2 positivity is more severe if it happens within 60 days after the first positive PCR. On the other hand, the second episode’s severity correlates with the first.

scholarly journals Concomitant Marked Decline in Prevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Other Respiratory Viruses Among Symptomatic Patients Following Public Health Interventions in Australia: Data from St Vincent’s Hospital and Associated Screening Clinics, Sydney, NSW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Marriott ◽  
Rohan Beresford ◽  
Feras Mirdad ◽  
Damien Stark ◽  
Allan Glanville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Marked Decline ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Australian Hospital

Abstract Our Australian hospital tested almost 22 000 symptomatic people over 11 weeks for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Following travel bans and physical distancing, SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses diagnoses fell dramatically. Increasing rhinovirus diagnoses as social control measures were relaxed may indirectly indicate an elevated risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) resurgence.

scholarly journals Severity assessment of single-dose Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccinated individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in Southeast Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-226
Author(s):  
Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana ◽  
Pronesh Dutta ◽  
Md. Sirazul Islam ◽  
Tanvir Ahmad Nizami ◽  
Tridip Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Infection Period ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Taste And Smell

Background and Aim: A vaccine program for coronavirus illness (coronavirus disease [COVID-19]) is currently underway in numerous regions of the world, including Bangladesh, but no health data on those who have been vaccinated are available at this time. The study aimed to investigate the health condition of people who had received their first dose of the Oxford- AstraZeneca vaccine and were infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Materials and Methods: To detect SARS-CoV-2, a standard virological approach, real-time reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), was used. Several health indicators from vaccinated patients were collected using pre-structured questionnaires during the infection phase. Results: A total of 6146 suspicious samples were analyzed, and 1752 were found to be positive for SARS-CoV-2, with 200 people receiving the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. One hundred and sixty-five (82.5%) were not hospitalized among the vaccinated people, and 177 (88.5%) did not have any respiratory problems. Only 8% of patients required further oxygen support, and 199 (99.5%) did not require intensive care unit intervention. Overall, oxygen saturation was recorded at around 96.8% and respiratory difficulties did not extend more than 5 days during the infection period. Among the vaccinated COVID-19-positive people, 113 (56.5%) and 111 (55.5%) had typical physiological taste and smell. Surprisingly, 129 (64.5%) people had diverse comorbidities, with high blood pressure (27.9%) and diabetes (32 [24.8%]) being the most common. The major conclusion of the current study was that 199 (99.5%) of vaccinated patients survived in good health and tested negative for RT-qPCR. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, administering the first dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine considerably reduces health risks during the COVID-19 infection period.

scholarly journals RAPID AND SPESIFIC DETECTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS USING POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Anita Kurniati ◽  
Desak Nyoman Surya Suameitra Dewi ◽  
Ni Nyoman Purwani
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of health burden worldwide, especially in lower middle-income countries. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and characterized by severe condition incuding coughing and fever. Purpose: To review the current methods for detection of TB using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Review: several studies have been done to give valuable insight into TB transmission, diagnosis, and treatment, however research  is constantly  needed  to decrease the incidence of eradicate TB. This infectious disease still give big health problem in all over the world by being second in causing high mortality rates after HIV/AIDS.  A specific, sensitive, rapid and cheap method for TB and other mycobacteria diagnosis in clinical specimen is a desperate needed in the laboratory diagnosis and hence management of tuberculosis. PCR as one of nucleic acid amplification assays have revolutionized MTB detection. Since it was first invented in fifteen years ago, it’s been through many developments. Conclusion: PCR  is one of the most specific and sensitive method currently available for TB diagnosis that can also detect in in all types of specimens obtained from TB patients.

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