scholarly journals Assessment of Ground Water Contamination by Inorganic Impurities in Ferozepur District of Punjab State, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-521
Author(s):  
Gurjeet Kaur ◽  
Sangeeta Sharma ◽  
Umesh Kumar Garg
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Ground Water Contamination ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Physico Chemical

Malwa region of Punjab state, India has become the center of water borne diseases due to excessive use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, heavy metals, industrial toxins that cause toxicity in water. The main contamination in ground water is by physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals i.e. pH, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, chlorides, fluorides, arsenic and lead. The contamination of ground water with heavy metals causes health hazards to humans and animals. Due to lack of adequate facilities and resources for the management and handling of waste, the ground water contamination has been increased. In the present study, assessment of ground water quality was carried out in the villages of Ferozepur district of Punjab state, India. With main emphasis on analyzing the groundwater parameters of Ferozepur district which are responsible for health hazard to humans and animals. Various groundwater samples were collected randomly from the villages of Ferozepur district and analyzed for pH, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, chlorides, fluorides, heavy metals (arsenic and lead) using standard procedures. The concentrations of calcium, chlorides, fluorides and pH were within the permissible limits, whereas, alkalinity and total hardness were observed beyond permissible limits in most of the water samples. Even among majority of the samples taken, the concentration of arsenic and lead was found within the permissible limits. Results showed that the ground water samples collected from depth ranging from 100 to 360 ft, recorded values within permissible limits for drinking purpose as prescribed by WHO. Further, ANOVA has been applied on analysis results to study the effect of pH on fluoride and chloride, depth on fluoride and chloride and depth on arsenic and lead. Also, to adjudge the overall quality of water in Ferozepur district, the water quality index (WQI) has been calculated on the basis of large number of physico-chemical characteristics of water. The water quality index of ground water in Ferozepur district has been calculated to be 107. The value is close to 100 so the quality of ground water in Ferozepur district can be categorized under 'Good Quality' water.

scholarly journals Study on Some Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Ground Water of District Rampur - A Statistical Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susheel Kumar Sindhu ◽  
Amit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Total Dissolve Solid ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Domestic Purpose

A systematic study has been carried out to explore the water quality index of ground water of various tehsils of Rampur district. Twenty five water samples from tube wells, open wells and hand pumps at various locations were collected and analyzed for pH, nitrate, turbidity, total dissolve solid, chlorides, total hardness, alkalinity and fluoride. In this study overall water quality of Rampur district is very poor and unsuitable for drinking purpose. Water quality of Bilaspur, Shahabad and Rampur city shows that water may not be used for drinking as well as domestic purpose. Present study recommends that the top priority should be given to water quality monitoring and indigenous technologies should be adopted to make water fit for drinking after treatment such as defluoridation, desalination.

PHYSICO CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF GROUND WATER NEAR MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DUMPING SITES IN ARUMUGANERI, THOOTHUKUDI DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

Ground water samples in and around from the dumpsite located in Arumuganeri were studied to assess the impact of Municipal solid waste on the ground water resources. Ground water samples were collected from the 5 different bore-wells in and around the dumpsites.The collected water samples were analyzed for parameters of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Alkalinity (TA), Total hardness, chloride and dissolved oxygen. The results were observed in each sample , compared with standards WHO, ICMR, ISI and thus  an  attempt  was  made  to  ascertain  whether  the quality  of  ground  water  is  fit  or  not  for  drinking  and  other  purposes.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment Using Physico-Chemical Parameters and Heavy Metals of Gobind Sagar Lake, Himachal Pradesh (India)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Sharma ◽  
Yogesh Walia
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Physico Chemical

Today the environment has become harmful for the health of living organisms due to excessive pollution and contamination of natural resources. The present investigation has been carried out with the objective to assess the water quality of the Gobind Sagar Lake, Bilaspur, Himachal Pradesh (India) using physico-chemical parameters with heavy metals of the lake. For this study, three sampling sites were identified and samples from different sites were collected in summer season and important parameters [Water Temperature, pH, Total Hardness, Dissolved Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chloride, Total Alkalinity, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS)] with heavy metals [ Lead (P), Copper (Co), Iron (Fe), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni) and Manganese (Mn), Chromium (Cr) were analyzed. The results revealed that the different conditions of Gobind Sagar Lake in different sampling stations showed fluctuations in some physico-chemical parameters and also in heavy metals. These result depicted that water of lake was polluted in the form of nutrient enrichment which is due to agricultural activities and its runoff in and around catchment area of the lake. There are other many ways that things can end up in the lake as the free style way of disposal of industrial and domestic effluents etc. Results of studies on heavy metals in pollution are well documented revealing the toxic effects of these metals on aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals Multivariate Analysis of Heavy Metals, Physicochemical and Microbial Characteristics to Determine the Water Quality of Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Waqar Ahmad ◽  
Zafar Iqbal Shams ◽  
Haq Nawaz Abbasi ◽  
Muhammad Afzal Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Usama Zafar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Indus Basin ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Lower Indus Basin

This study was conducted to assess the water quality of the lower Indus Basin, Pakistan. Eighty- two water samples were collected from forty-one locations of lower Indus Basin (Kashmore to Keti-Bander) during pre and post monsoon seasons. The variation pattern in the water quality has been observed in both seasons. The samples were analysed for physical quality (temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, salinity and conductivity), chemical quality (chloride, total alkalinity, total hardness, sulphate, potassium, sodium, iron, zinc, lead, mercury, copper, cadmium and nitrate) and biological quality (coliform bacteria). The study reveals that the concentrations of lead, mercury, and cadmium in water samples during both seasons were slightly higher than the permissible limits, whereas, all other parameters were within WHO guidelines. The higher concentration of heavy metals must be rectified by the concerned authorities in order to protect human health.  

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality and Sources of Pollution in Downstream of Ukai, Tapi River (Gujarat)

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Dubey ◽  
N Ujjania
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Physico Chemical

In the present paper an attempt has been made to study of physico-chemical parameters of downstream in Ukai, Tapi River (Gujarat). For this study the water samples were collected at monthly interval during December 2012 to November 2013 and important water quality parameters were analyzed. Study revealed that temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand, nitrate-n, total hardness, fluoride, chloride, total alkalinity and sodium were within the permissible limits whereas turbidity, biological oxygen demand, nitrite-n ammonia, phosphate and potassium were beyond the permissible limits of state, national and international authorities like GPCB, CPCB WHO and USEPA. These result depicted that water body was polluted in the form of nutrient enrichment which is due to agricultural activities and its runoff in and around catchment area of downstream.

WATER QUALITY OF PARICHHA DAM RESERVOIR IN RELATION TO FISHERIES IN JHANSI (U.P.) INDIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
NEEL RATAN ◽  
SHARAT SRIVASTAVA ◽  
ALOK PATHAK ◽  
U.N. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Dam Reservoir ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Physico Chemical

Physico-chemical characteristics of Parichha dam reservoir of Jhansi in Uttar Pradesh have been studied. The water temperature varied between 23.0 to 37.00C. The transparency, pH, chlorides and total hardness were in the range of 100 to 145 cm, 7.8 to 9.2, 42.0 to 59.17 mg/l and 100-197 mg/l respectively. The total alkalinity, dissolved oxygen and total dissolved solids ranged between 193 to 389, 5.2 to 8.6 and 90 to 310 mg/l respectively. The study revealed that the reservoir water is suitable for fisheries.

scholarly journals Investigation of water quality of two rivers in Agbede –Wetlands in Southern Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-462 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Bacteriological Examination ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quality Water ◽  
The Mean

<div> <p>Water quality of Edion and Omodo Rivers were assessed chemically from March to October, 2010. The abstracted water samples were also subjected to bacteriological examination. The Rivers were each sampled at upstream and downstream locations. Twenty (20) physico-chemical characteristics which included heavy metals were determined in the laboratory. Air temperature ranged from the mean 30.69 to 31.38 &deg;C, water temperature 26.50 to 27.00 &deg;C, pH 7.05 to 7.15, electrical conductivity 7.99 to 25.55mScm<sup>-1</sup>, turbidity 24.11 to 54.65FTU, total dissolved solids 6.14 to 7.78mgl<sup>-1</sup>, total hardness 25.10 to 30.38mgl<sup>-1</sup>, chlorine 22.06 to 25.02mgl<sup>-1</sup>, BOD<sub>5</sub> 0.88 to 2.42mgl<sup>-1</sup>, DO 3.81 to 6.50mgl<sup>-1</sup> and the nutrient elements such as&nbsp; sulphate,&nbsp; phosphate and Nitrate ranged between 0.03 and 3.81mgl<sup>-1</sup>, sodium 1.87 to 3.81mgl<sup>-1</sup> and potassium 1.08 to 1.27mgl<sup>-1</sup>. Heavy metals levels were low, ranging from 0.0025 to 5.6650mgl<sup>-1</sup> (Copper 0.0350 to 0.0910mgl<sup>-1</sup>, Iron 0.2825 to 0.5112mgl<sup>-1</sup>, cadmium 0.0015 to 0.0104mgl<sup>-1</sup>, lead 0.0025 to 0.0230mgl<sup>-1</sup>, zinc 2.7013 to 5.6650mgl<sup>-1</sup> and chromium 0.0025 to 0.0263mgl<sup>-1</sup>). Conductivity, sulphate, zinc and fecal coliform count showed significant difference (<em>P&lt;0.05</em>) with low values indicating good water quality. Water Quality Index (WQI) revealed that Stations 2 and 4 respectively had good water quality. All the characteristics had their values within FEPA Limit except for Zn (&gt; 3.0mgl<sup>-1</sup>).</p> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Preliminary Assessment Of Surface Water Quality Of Tropical Pilgrimage Wetland Of Central Gujarat, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiren B Soni ◽  
Sheju Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Pond Ecosystem

The present paper highlights the preliminary investigation of physico-chemical characteristics of tropical pilgrimage wetland viz. Dakor Sacred Wetland (DSW), Anand District, Central Gujarat, India. As the existing water body is contaminated with domestic sewage influenced by anthropogenic interventions, an urgent need was felt to evaluate physico-chemical parameters such as Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Solids (TS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Free CO2, Phenolphthalein Alkalinity (PA), Total Alkalinity (TA), Carbonates, Bicarbonates, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness, Magnesium Hardness, Chloride, Salinity, Sulphate, Phosphate, Nitrate, Sodium, and Potassium. The obtained data were correlated statistically to draw a conclusion about the surface water quality of tropical pilgrimage wetland. Moreover, the results manifested the need and prime necessity to restore the physical, chemical and biological integrity with viable and rigorous restoration and management strategies in order to maintain, preserve, conserve and to avert the ecological imbalance and disturbance in hydro-geo-chemical and hydro-biological cycles, which adversely affect the food chain and food web of the significant pond ecosystem. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 202-223 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9222

scholarly journals Water Study of Physical, Chemical and Heavy Metals Parameters in River Indus and its Tributaries, Sindh, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Waqar Ahmad ◽  
Arif Zubair ◽  
Haq Nawaz Abbasi ◽  
Muhammad Imran Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Permissible Limits

This study was conducted to investigate the water quality of the Indus river, Sindh, Pakistan. A total of 41 locations were selected along the Indus river and its tributaries for the collection of surface water samples. Twenty-one physico-chemical parameters and heavy metals were analyzed and the data were interpreted through different statistical techniques. In the current study, eleven parameters including iron, copper, zinc, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, potassium, sodium, nitrate, sulfate, and chloride with an average value 0.13 mg/L, 0.04 mg/L, 0.16 mg/L, 733 µS/L, 211.2 mg/L, 7.6, 8.9 mg/L, 107.4 mg/L, 8.01 mg/L, 102 mg/L, 140 mg/L respectively and were within permissible limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water. Whereas, average values of cadmium, mercury, lead, total alkalinity (TA), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total hardness (TH) and turbidity were found 0.004 mg/L, 0.007 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, 920 mg/L, 103 mg/L, 262 mg/L and 186.2 NTU respectively, higher than permissible limits. Pearson correlation matrix and cluster analysis were used to understand similarities and differences between variables. The variation in the correlation of different parameters shows the complexity of the water quality.    

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