scholarly journals Eucalyptus sp. at the Intersection of Environment and Culture in Kenya

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandy M Garrett Kluthe ◽  
Diana K Chen
Keyword(s):  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Eucalyptus Saligna ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Genus Eucalyptus

Members of the genus Eucalyptus are popular on small farms throughout Kenya, and include species such as Eucalyptus saligna, Eucalpytus globulus, and Eucalyptus grandis. Although they are fast-growing and perform well on marginal land, these trees are associated with negative environmental effects in Africa and elsewhere they have been introduced. In-person surveys were conducted with small farmers in Kenya to determine patterns of Eucalyptus sp. stand use and cultural importance. It was found that despite acknowledged short and long term environmental consequences, Eucalyptus sp. remains popular for medium term economic investment. These findings are consistent with other reports of Eucalyptus sp. woodlots serving as funding sources for education, health emergencies, etc., in parts of the world where bank loans are unavailable. Further, it was found that some farmers are using modified silviculture practices to ameliorate the negative effects of Eucalyptus sp., and others are seeking indigenous alternatives.           

scholarly journals Endoparasite Infection Has Both Short- and Long-Term Negative Effects on Reproductive Success of Female House Sparrows, as Revealed by Faecal Parasitic Egg Counts

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e0125773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkon Holand ◽  
Henrik Jensen ◽  
Jarle Tufto ◽  
Henrik Pärn ◽  
Bernt-Erik Sæther ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
House Sparrows ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Prediction of Net Profit Growth of Pharmacy Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhani Ichsanuddin Nur
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Applied Model ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Auto Regressive

Background: The research purpose to analyzing impacts of funding source changes on pharmacy company profits that went public on Indonesian Stock Exchange, with analysis period of 2008 to 2013. Methods: The research applied analysis means in line with requirements of change variable measurements of funding sources in its interconnectedness with company profits; the applied model was Auto-regressive. Results: The research results indicated that changes of the last one-period short term debts had negative effects insignificantly on company profits, the last two-period short term debts had positive effects significantly on company profits, changes of the last one-period and two-period long term debts had negative effects insignificantly on company profits, equity changes of the last period had positive effects significantly on company profits, the last period profit changes had negative effects significantly on company profits. Conclusion: Last one-period short term, last one-period long term, last two-period long term debt changes, and last period profit have negative insignificant effect on company profit. Last two-period short term debt changes, last one-period equity changes, and last two-period equity changes have positive significant effect on company profit.

scholarly journals Analysis of the grounding of the MV Rena in New Zealand, 5 October, 2011

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian McLean
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
General Cargo ◽  
Volunteer Time

The grounding of the general cargo vessel MV Rena near Tauranga Harbor in October 2011 was New Zealand’s worst environmental disaster. The ship hit an offshore reef, creating hazardous salvage conditions,and the consequent spill of 350 tonnes of fuel oil affected 50 km of coastline and many islands. Many containers fell overboard, creating hazards for other shipping, requiring additional salvage resources, and introducing toxins to the marine environment that are still washing up six years later. The community responded to the disaster by flocking to the beaches and cleaning up the oil by hand, giving well over 20,000 hours of volunteer time. Short- and long-term environmental consequences for wildlife and the inshore marine environment are reviewed, along with the effects on the local economy, the political context and the management response. There were significant economic effects during the summer immediately following the event, but the clean-up appears to have been remarkably successful. While the above-water superstructure of the ship was removed, much of the (broken-up) hull remains on or close to the reef today. The final (legal) decision on the removal of the wreck has enabled abandonment of the wreck. There appear to be few, if any, long-term wider environmental effects although elevated levels of some contaminants are still measurable close to the wreck in 2017.

scholarly journals Are Plant Species’ Richness and Diversity Influenced by Fragmentation at a Microscale?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Short And Long Term

It is argued that forest fragmentation has negative effects on biodiversity at the short and long term; however, these effects might be dependent on the specific vegetation of the study area and its intrinsic characteristics. The processes leading to fragmentation are very diverse and many of them have anthropogenic causes as logging actions and clearings for agricultural fields. Furthermore, it is thought that scale plays an important role in the expected effects of fragmentation on biodiversity. In this study the effect of forest fragmentation and its impact on the woody plants species, richness and diversity are analysed considering three vegetation types in a poorly studied and difficult access biodiversity hotspot in northern Mexico. The results show that the effects of fragmentation are dependent on the vegetation type and that these are not strongly related to the species richness, and diversity in a microscale (100 m2). Fragmentation effects on biodiversity must be analysed in a broad scale, considering the fragment as a whole. Furthermore, conservation priority should be given to the larger fragments, which could potentially maintain a higher portion of biodiversity. Management should also be focused on increasing the connectivity between these big and medium size forest patches.

scholarly journals Does Auditor Rotation Increase Auditor Independence?

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Junaidi Junaidi ◽  
Jogiyanto Hartono ◽  
Eko Suwardi ◽  
Setiyono Miharjo ◽  
Bambang Hartadi
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Auditor Independence ◽  
Regression Estimation ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Auditor Rotation ◽  
Auditor Tenure ◽  
Going Concern Opinion ◽  
Short And Long Term

This study aims to empirically test the effects of auditor rotation and auditor tenure on an auditor’s independence in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the years 2002-2010. This study using logistic regression estimation technique. The results show that, statistically, the auditor’s tenure has significant negative effects on the auditor’s independence, measured by the tendency to give a ‘going concern’ opinion. Furthermore, the results also show significant differences between the effects of short and long term tenures on the auditors’ independence. Auditor rotation has significant positive effects on the auditors’ independence.

scholarly journals FINANCING OF BRAZILIAN COMPANIES DURING FINANCIAL CRISES: COMPARATIVE BETWEEN THE CRISES OF 2002, 2008 AND 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
TATIANE D. A. FRANZOTTI ◽  
VINÍCIUS M. MAGNANI ◽  
MARCELO A. AMBROZINI ◽  
MAURÍCIO R. VALLE
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crises ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Financing Decisions ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Short And Long Term

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study is to verify the financing decisions by Brazilian companies in the financial crises of 2002, 2008 and 2015, and to identify the impacts of these crises, as well as the influence of the funding sources - banking, subsidized sources and capital markets - on the leverage and maturity of companies' debts in these periods. Originality/value: Crises establish opportunities for the study of determining factors and their impacts on companies. There is no empirical evidence on the impacts of crises on the capital structure of Brazilian companies taking into account the comparison between the crises of 2002, 2008 and 2015, which motivated the present study. Design/methodology/approach: We performed descriptive analyzes and estimated regressions by panel data. Findings: The results showed a statistically positive relationship between financial crises and corporate leverage, as well as short and long-term debt. With regard to leverage, banking resources, resources from capital and subsidized markets showed a statistically positive relationship with the level of leverage of companies only in the 2008 crisis. Considering the maturity of debts, the 2002 crisis was an important determinant for companies' short-term debt decisions, in view of the predominant participation of banking resources at that time. Financing sources were important in determining companies' long-term indebtedness in the 2008 crisis.

Sticks and Stones

2019 ◽  
pp. 210-234
Author(s):  
Carol M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Dangerous Behavior ◽  
Effects Of Bullying ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Bullying Behavior ◽  
Bullying Programs

Although bullying has occurred for generations, movement to fully understand the effects of the dangerous behavior has recently been ignited. While much research has focused on the negative effects of bullying on victims, little research has focused on the effects bullying behavior has on the bully. The following is an examination of research regarding the short and long term negative effects bullying has on both bullies and victims. In addition, research regarding the influence of familial, peer and romantic relationships on the engagement of bullying behavior is also addressed, as well as the influence bullying behavior has on the formation and quality of these relationships. The utilization of this research to create anti-bullying programs in schools, homes and informal social situations may help to eradicate bullying behavior.

Sticks and Stones

2017 ◽  
pp. 285-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol M. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Dangerous Behavior ◽  
Effects Of Bullying ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Bullying Behavior ◽  
Bullying Programs

Although bullying has occurred for generations, movement to fully understand the effects of the dangerous behavior has recently been ignited. While much research has focused on the negative effects of bullying on victims, little research has focused on the effects bullying behavior has on the bully. The following is an examination of research regarding the short and long term negative effects bullying has on both bullies and victims. In addition, research regarding the influence of familial, peer and romantic relationships on the engagement of bullying behavior is also addressed, as well as the influence bullying behavior has on the formation and quality of these relationships. The utilization of this research to create anti-bullying programs in schools, homes and informal social situations may help to eradicate bullying behavior.

scholarly journals Prognosis of patients with left circumflex artery acute myocardial infarction in relation to ST-segment on admission electrocardiogram

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O Kobo ◽  
E Marcusohn ◽  
A Roguin ◽  
R Zukermann ◽  
N Amsalem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circumflex Artery ◽  
Thrombotic Occlusion ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Left Circumflex Artery ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background. Total thrombotic occlusion of the LCX may present without ST-segment elevations. Objective. To examine the difference in clinical outcomes between patients with acute MI due to LCX occlusion or stenosis with and without ST-segment elevation. Methods. The present study is a dual center, observational, retrospective cohort study  comprising all patients admitted to between 2009 and 2019 with LCX-related. Results. A total of 897 patients with LCX-related MI were included. Most (56.6%) presented with NSTEMI, which was associated with higher rates of 1-year hospitalization for ACS (15.8% vs 11.1%; P=.05) and PCI (20.9% vs 14.4%; P=.05). STEMI was associated with higher 30-day mortality compared with NSTEMI (3.9% vs 1.7%, P=.05), with no difference in 1-year mortality (6.7% vs 5.6%,  P=.55). Multivariate analysis found left dominant circulation (odds ratio [OR], 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-4.7) and diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.2-3.6) to be independent predictors of 1-year mortality. Conclusion. Patients suffering from NSTEMI and STEMI related to LCX occlusion or stenosis have similar 1-year mortality. Left dominance was associated with higher short- and long-term mortality. These results suggest that a substantial population of patients who present as NSTEMI should be treated promptly and aggressively as STEMI patients.

scholarly journals Special Issue on the Effects of Prenatal Smoking/Nicotine Exposure on the Child’s Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5465
Author(s):  
Mikael O. Ekblad ◽  
Julie Blanc ◽  
Ivan Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Prenatal Smoking ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term

Smoking increases the risk of negative pregnancy and perinatal outcomes and may have negative effects on a child’s short and long-term health [...]

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