scholarly journals Implementation and analysis of stability improvement in VANET using different scenarios

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Sahil Verma ◽  
Sonu Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Neighbor List ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Analysis Of Stability ◽  
Neighborhood Topology ◽  
The Right ◽  
Area Data

In circumstances where hubs are portable or when hubs frequently turn now and again, the neighborhood topology infrequently stays static. Henceforth, it is important that every hub communicates its refreshed area data to the greater part of its neighbors. These area refresh parcels are normally alluded to as reference points. In most geographic directing conventions (e.g., GPSR), guides are communicated occasionally to maintain an exact neighbor list at every hub. Position refreshes are expensive from numerous points of view. Each refresh devours hub vitality; remote data transfer capacity, and expands the danger of parcel crash at the medium access control (MAC) layer. Parcel impacts cause bundle misfortune which thusly influences the directing execution because of diminished precision in deciding the right nearby topology.

scholarly journals Conceptual problems of investigation and prevention of enforced disappearance of persons in the conditions of armed aggression

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (69) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Dmytro Mirkovets ◽  
Volodymyr Atamanchuk ◽  
Sergii Marko ◽  
Irina Dubivka ◽  
Antonina Matsola
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Conceptual Problems ◽  
Systemic Problems ◽  
The Right ◽  
Southern Ukraine

The article highlights the results of a study of the situation with official investigations into criminal offenses related to the enforced disappearance of persons in the context of armed aggression in eastern and southern Ukraine. The example of individual criminal proceedings presents some systemic problems that arise during the investigation of the facts of disappearance and suggests possible ways to solve them. There are several «blocks» of problems that lie in the field of criminal law, criminology, and criminal procedure. The points of view of scientists and practitioners on this problem are highlighted. It is concluded that Ukraine, in today’s conditions, needs to take measures aimed at improving the legal mechanisms of observance and protection of the right of persons staying in its territory to freedom from enforced disappearance, as well as intensifying law enforcement agencies to prompt, complete and impartial investigation of such facts, their proper qualification, search for victims, identification of those responsible for their disappearance, ensuring that victims receive timely and adequate compensation. The methodological basis for writing the article was a dialectical-materialist method, as well as the set of general scientific and special methods and techniques of scientific knowledge.

scholarly journals Support of Road Freight Transport Especially in North-East Part of Schengen Borders

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Romana Hricová
Keyword(s):  
Freight Transport ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
North East ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Road Freight ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Right

Green logistics is very attractive and request the point of view. Many companies try to be “green”, but on the other hand they also must be quick, be in right time in the right place and everything with as low costs as possible. So because of it, they use more road freight transport. Nowadays road freight transport is much expanded as transport companies prefer the possibility to operate just-in-time.  There are several advantages that give road freight transport the first place. Firstly, the truck can be prepared whenever, no matter what time is chosen.  Secondly, the flexibility and no more borders with customs control inside the Schengen Area make freight transport quicker. On the other hand, innovative approaches ask for environmental protection, which becomes one of the most important points of view.  If countries support this environmental friendly transport, this would be reflected in the transport prices which should make rail transport more interesting. Using the methodology in the manuscript was divided to three steps. The first step is to identify relevant questions related to border crossing. Next step is to elaborate a list of border problems, and the last step is an analysis of available data.  

scholarly journals MEDIATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE MECANISM FOR A PUBLIC LAWSUIT

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 01-10
Author(s):  
Ismahane ABDERREZAK
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Strategic Option ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Judicial Procedures ◽  
The Right

Criminal mediation is one of the modern means that represents one of the most important legal mechanisms for resolving disputes in a way distinct from what is required by classic judicial procedures. Modern criminal policy has tended towards consensual solutions or consensual conciliatory justice in many cases as a reliable strategic option in reconciling the state’s right to punishment, And the right of the criminal to reform and reintegration, in an attempt to reduce the phenomenon of the criminal justice crisis and the increase in the number of cases before it, and the failure of short-term punishment, so it became necessary to search for better alternatives to gain effort and time and maintain social relations between members of society by introducing a mediator who works on bringing the points of view between the parties to the dispute, and the establishment of an agreement that guarantees reparation for the harm suffered by the victim and guarantees the rehabilitation of the offender under judicial supervision.

scholarly journals MAC Protocols Used by Wireless Sensor Networks and a General Method of Performance Evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 834784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Kabara ◽  
Maria Calle
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Mac Protocols ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
General Method

Many researchers employ IEEE802.15.4 as communication technology for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, medium access control (MAC) layer requirements for communications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) vary because the network is usually optimized for specific applications. Thus, one particular standard will hardly be suitable for every possible application. Two general categories of MAC techniques exist: contention based and schedule based. This paper explains these two main approaches and includes examples of each one. The paper concludes with a unique performance analysis and comparison of benefits and limitations of each protocol with respect to WSNs.

Harvesting at the Community Level

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-228
Author(s):  
Michael J. Fogarty ◽  
Jeremy S. Collie
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
The Right ◽  
Technical Solutions

Most fisheries are not directed at individual species alone. Rather, in many instances, species within a community are caught together and are also part of competitive networks and food webs. Species that are caught together are subject to technical interactions. Species that compete or are connected through predator–prey interactions (or other types of interactions) are subject to biological interactions. Ignoring either of these forms of interaction in management can lead to unintended consequences. Technical solutions can help to avoid some species while targeting others, but a comprehensive solution requires creating the right economic incentives and some incidental catch is still inevitable. Accounting for trophic interactions means that biological reference points depend on the abundance of other taxa. Single-species approaches are invalid in a multispecies or community context where biological interactions are important. Technical interactions can make it impossible to achieve target exploitation rates even if biological interactions are relatively unimportant.

Echocardiographic determination of valid zero reference levels in supine and lateral positions

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
LL Kee ◽  
JS Simonson ◽  
NA Stotts ◽  
P Skov ◽  
NB Schiller
Keyword(s):  
Left Atrium ◽  
Supine Position ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Reference Point ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Proper Position ◽  
External Reference ◽  
External Point ◽  
The Right

BACKGROUND: The phlebostatic axis--the junction of the fourth intercostal space and the midpoint of the anterior-posterior diameter--has been accepted as a reliable external reference point for the mid-right and mid-left atrium. Acceptance of this reference point is based upon research conducted in 1945 that measured venous pressures in the hands of subjects positioned with the head of the bed raised to different levels. The validity of this reference point for intracardiac pressure measurements in supine or laterally positioned patients has not been established. PURPOSE: To determine the validity of the phlebostatic axis in the supine and lateral positions. METHODS: To determine validity in the supine position, we compared the distance from the phlebostatic axis to a fixed external point (the bed surface) and the distance from the right and left atria in the supine position to this same fixed external point. The distances from the right and left atria to the bed surface were determined with echocardiography and were used as the standard for the proper position of external reference points. To determine the validity of the phlebostatic axis in lateral positions, we compared the distances from the right atrium and left atrium to the bed surface in the supine position with those distances in different lateral positions. RESULTS: We analyzed the data of 25 normal, healthy subjects. The study findings show that the phlebostatic axis is a valid reference point for the right atrium, and the phlebostatic axis and midanterior-posterior diameter are valid reference points for the left atrium in the supine position. However, neither is a valid external reference point in the lateral positions. Pressure measurements obtained when patients are in the lateral positions are not accurate. There remains a need to develop valid methods of accurate pressure measurements in various body positions.

scholarly journals Utility function applied to interregional cooperation: case of the ASEM

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
M. Fejfarová
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
International Relation ◽  
Utility Function ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Constructivist Approach ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Interregional Cooperation ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu

This article presents one possible point of view on the interregional cooperation through the optic of neorealist and neoliberal international relation theories. Applying the constructivist approach to utility function and creating utility function of regions, the author aims to explain the reasons of difficulties of interregional cooperation from the two above mentioned rational points of view. The conclusions are drawn on the case of the Asia Europe Meeting cooperation showing that a low integration of a participating region may hamper an interregional cooperation, and that the current economic policy of the EU towards the Asian region is on the right track.

scholarly journals A Dynamic Access Probability Adjustment Strategy for Coded Random Access Schemes

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (19) ◽  
pp. 4206
Author(s):  
Sun ◽  
Liu ◽  
Paolini
Keyword(s):  
Interference Cancellation ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
High Load ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Finite Frame ◽  
Adjustment Strategy

In this paper, a dynamic access probability adjustment strategy for coded random accessschemes based on successive interference cancellation (SIC) is proposed. The developed protocolconsists of judiciously tuning the access probability, therefore controlling the number of transmittingusers, in order to resolve medium access control (MAC) layer congestion states in high load conditions.The protocol is comprised of two steps: Estimation of the number of transmitting users during thecurrent MAC frame and adjustment of the access probability to the subsequent MAC frame, based onthe performed estimation. The estimation algorithm exploits a posteriori information, i.e., availableinformation at the end of the SIC process, in particular it relies on both the frame configuration(residual number of collision slots) and the recovered users configuration (vector of recovered users)to effectively reduce mean-square error (MSE). During the access probability adjustment phase, atarget load threshold is employed, tailored to the packet loss rate in the finite frame length case.Simulation results revealed that the developed estimator was able to achieve remarkable performanceowing to the information gathered from the SIC procedure. It also illustrated how the proposeddynamic access probability strategy can resolve congestion states efficiently.

scholarly journals Cooperative ARQ: A Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer Perspective

10.5772/9476 ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Alonso-Zarate ◽  
Elli Kartsakli ◽  
Luis Alonso ◽  
Christos Verikoukis
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Medium Access Control ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Medium Access ◽  
Cooperative Arq

Descentrando a crítica: a literatura das minorias

1988 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Eliana Lourenço de Lima Reis
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Edouard Glissant ◽  
Minor Literature ◽  
Henry Louis Gates ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Third World ◽  
Different Cultures

Partindo do conceito de "literatura menor" de Deleuze e Guattari, este trabalho procura mostrar como a literatura e a crítica são encaradas por autores pertencentes ao Terceiro Mundo e a grupos minoritários dentro dos grandes centros. Ao comparar as opiniões do martiniquense Edouard Glissant e do crítico negro americano Henry Louis Gates Jr. com as idéias de autores brasileiros contemporâneos, podemos perceber como, embora originários de culturas diversas, estes autores se aproximam em seus pontos de vista, principalmente na defesa do direito à diferença. Writers and critics of the Third World and of minority groups in developed countries, despite representing different cultures, share similar points of view, especially the affirmation of the right to one's difference. In the light of Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of "minor literature", this paper endeavors to present the ideas of the Martiniquan writer Edouard and of the Negro critic Henry Louis Gates, Jr., as well as to compare them to the opinions of some contemporary Brazilian writers and critics.

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