Optimization of Solid State Fermentation Condition to Increase Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity in Seaweed (Kappaphycus Alvarezii) Extract

Conventional techniques such as solvent extraction can be effectively used to extract free phenolic compounds in plants. However, this method is inefficient to extract bound phenolics. Solid state fermentation (SSF) approach with Aspergillus oryzae was used to enhance bioavailability of polyphenols in Kappaphycus alvarezii. A set of experiment was computed by face centered central composite design (FCCCD) to optimize the fermentation parameters based on maximum phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Four independent variables namely: time (0, 4 and 8 days), temperature (28, 30 and 32 °C), initial moisture content (60, 70 and 80 %) and inoculum level (10, 20 and 30 % (v/v)) were investigated. The experimental results for both TPC and DPPH were 9.449 ± 0.198 mg GAE/g and 87.135 ± 0.857 % of scavenging activity, respectively; where both responses were in good agreement with RSM model prediction. The RSM design used has been proven to successfully predict the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Fermentation condition with 70% initial moisture content, 10% (v/v) inoculum level, performed at 30oC for 4 days was found to produce maximum TPC and DPPH radical scavenging activity of Kappaphycus alvarezii.

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Effects of solvent extraction system on antioxidant activity of Lamium purpureum L.

Hemijska industrija ◽

10.2298/hemind160518047g ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 71 (5) ◽

pp. 361-370

Author(s):

Slavica Grujic ◽

Ana Dzamic ◽

Violeta Mitic ◽

Vesna Stankov-Jovanovic ◽

P.D. Marin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Radical Scavenger ◽

Scavenging Activity

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of aerial parts of Lamium purpureum L. was determined by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and TRP assays. Contents of flavonoids and phenols were also investigated. The total phenolic content in the extracts, determined using Folin?Ciocalteu assay, ranged between 8.57 to 128.00 mg GAE/g d.e. while concentrations of flavonoids in the extracts varied from 24.20 to 39.80 mg QuE/g d.e. The highest phenolic content was found in methanol extract (128.00 mg GAE/g d.e.). The highest content of total flavonoids was identified in the methanol extract (39.80 mg QuE/g d.e.) and the lowest was in the chloroform (24.30 mg QuE/g d.e.). DPPH scavenging of the extracts was determined and obtained IC50 values ranged from 0.12 to 3.12 mg/mL of solution. The values of ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.35 to 1.80 mg AA/g. The highest ABTS antiradical activity was registered for methanol extract. The FRAP value was found within the range 0.08 to 1.04 ?mol Fe/mg. The best radical scavenger was methanol (1.04 ?mol Fe/mg). In reducing power assay different extracts of L. purpureum showed increasing of activity with increased concentration, and all extracts possessed substantial dose dependent antioxidant activity. The best reducing capacity was obtained with methanol extract of L. purpureum (0.0132 mg AA/mL). The results in this study confirmed that L. purpureum possesses moderate antioxidant properties.

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Total Phenolic Content and DPPH Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Young Turmeric Grown in Southern Thailand

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.886.61 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 886 ◽

pp. 61-69

Author(s):

Suriyan Sukati ◽

Warachate Khobjai

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Free Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Compounds ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Southern Thailand

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), a member of Zingiberacaeae, is used for Thai traditional medicine, flavoring, preservative, and coloring agent. In Southern Thailand, turmeric is a famous ingredient for food recipes. Not only is the ripened rhizome used for cuisine, but also the young rhizomes. Previous studies have indicated that a variety of turmeric products from the ripened rhizome are valuable source of antioxidant compounds. However, there are ambiguous data regarding the level of antioxidant activity of the young rhizome. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of the young rhizomes by comparing to the ripened rhizome. TPC and antioxidant activity of aqueous and 80% methanolic extracts from the young turmeric grown in Southern Thailand were estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (DPPH-RSA) assay, respectively. Results showed that the concentration of TPC determined in methanolic extract (19.80±0.25 mg GAE/ g extract) from the young rhizome was significantly higher than the corresponding aqueous extract (18.38±0.41 mg GAE/ g extract). The aqueous and methanolic extracts exhibited significant inhibition in DPPH-RSA with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 5.88±0.70 mg/mL and 3.00±0.31 mg/mL, respectively. However, in comparison with the ripened rhizome, TPC and DPPH-RSA of the young rhizome were lower. These results indicate that the young rhizome grown in Southern Thailand could be a source of antioxidant compounds, but the ripened rhizome provides better antioxidant properties than the young rhizome.

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Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Plants at Various Growth Stages Subjected to Extraction—Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Profile

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9060535 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 535 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Francesco Gai ◽

Magdalena Karamać ◽

Michał A. Janiak ◽

Ryszard Amarowicz ◽

Pier Giorgio Peiretti

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Flowering Stage ◽

Phenolic Profile ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽

Dpph Scavenging

The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in the antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) extracts obtained from the aerial parts of plants harvested at five growth stages. In vitro assays were used to determine the antioxidant activity, i.e., ABTS•+ and DPPH• scavenging activity, the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the ability to inhibit β-carotene–linoleic acid emulsion oxidation. Phenolic compounds, such as mono- and dicaffeoylquinic acid isomers and caffeic acid hexose, were identified using the LC–TOF–MS/MS technique. The predominant compound during the growth cycle of the plant was 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, whose content was the highest at the mid-flowering stage. The total phenolic content was also the highest in sunflowers at the mid-flowering stage. The main phenolic compound contents were closely correlated with ABTS•+ and DPPH• scavenging activity and FRAP. No significant correlation was found between the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity in the emulsion system. The highest antiradical activity and FRAP were generally determined in older plants (mid-flowering and late flowering stages). In conclusion, the aerial parts of sunflowers, in particular those harvested at the mid-flowering stage, are a good plant material from which to obtain phenolic compound extracts, albeit mainly of one class (esters of caffeic acid and quinic acid), with high antioxidant activity.

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Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Yacon (Smallanthus Sonchifolius Poepp. and Endl.) Chips: Effect of Cultivar, Pre-Treatment and Drying

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture8120183 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 183 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Forough Khajehei ◽

Jens Hartung ◽

Simone Graeff-Hönninger

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Lime Juice ◽

Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽

Hot Air ◽

Pre Treatment

Recent studies have associated the consumption of yacon root as a functional plant food with reduced glycemic index and, due to its considerable phenolic acid levels, a protection of cell membranes against free radical damage. This study examined the effect of four different treatments including: (1) storage duration after harvest (one and three weeks after harvest); (2) pre-treatment before drying (untreated, pre-treatment with diluted lime juice); (3) drying method (freeze drying (FD) and convective hot air drying (CHAD)); and (4) cultivar (white and red), on the quality of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius Poepp. and Endl.) chips in terms of their total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) (ABTS (2,2′-Azino-Bis (3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid) Diammonium Salt) radical scavenging activity, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)). Overall, the chips that were produced using pre-treatment with diluted lime juice and FD had the highest amounts of TPC and AA. Regarding the chips produced by means of CHAD, retention of higher TPC and AA was possible with lime-juice pre-treatment and use of higher hot air temperatures. Moreover, chips produced from the white cultivar had higher TPC and AA than chips produced from the red cultivar.

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IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF TERMINALIA BELLERICA ROXB (BAHEDA)

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i11.14175 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 275

Author(s):

Rasna Gupta ◽

Ram Lakhan Singh ◽

Neeraja Dwivedi

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Terminalia Bellerica ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Terminalia bellerica fruit pulp (TBFP), seed (TBS) and bark (TBB), and identification of phytochemical constituents of said extracts.Methods: The antioxidant potential of T. bellerica (TB) parts was evaluated by free radical scavenging activity (FRSA), superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (SARSA), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA) and compared with reference standard quercetin. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), ferric thiocyanate activity (FTC) and reducing power (RP) of the plant extracts were also examined. The phytochemical constituents of said extracts have been quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) method.Results: Ethanolic extract of TBFP exhibited high phenolic content (254.33) followed by TBS (227.33) and TBB (185) mg/g of GAE. TBFP showed lowest IC50 for FRSA (62 µg/ml), SARSA (39 µg/ml) and HRSA (27 µg/ml) and highest RP (3.39 ascorbic acid equivalents/ml). TBB showed lowest IC50 for LPO (48 µg/ml) whereas TBS showed lowest IC50 for FTC (109 µg/ml). Predominant phyto-compounds present in TB extracts were quinic acid, gallic acid, ethyl galate, 9, 12 octadecadienoic acid and glucopyranose in varying concentrations as analyzed by GC-MS.Conclusion: On the basis of correlation of antioxidant studies with total phenolic content (TPC) and GC-MS analysis of different part of TB, it may be concluded that high concentration of total phenolics and other bioactive phytochemicals of TB extracts make it a potential source of nutraceutical antioxidants.

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Evaluating the Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Total Phenolic Content, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity of Dried Pleurotus ostreatus ((Jacq. ex. Fr) Kummer) Stored in Packaging Materials

Advances in Pharmaceutics ◽

10.1155/2014/262807 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nii Korley Kortei ◽

George Tawia Odamtten ◽

Mary Obodai ◽

Victoria Appiah ◽

Felicia Akuamoa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Gamma Radiation ◽

Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Phenol Content ◽

Scavenging Activity

Dried Pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms stored in polythene and polypropylene packs were exposed to gamma radiation from a cobalt-60 source at doses of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 kGy at a dose rate of 1.7 kGy/hr and stored for a period of 1 month. Total phenolic contents, flavonoids, and free radical scavenging activity DPPH (2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) were determined using aqueous, ethanol, and methanol extracts by Folin-Ciocaultaeu method as a source of potential natural antioxidants. Total phenol content ranged 0.56 ± 0.01–10.96 ± 1.7 mg/GAE, flavonoids ranged 1.64 ± 0.05–8.92 ± 0.6 mg/QE, DPPH radical scavenging activity also ranged 7.02 ± 0.10–13.03 ± 0.04%, and IC50 values also ranged 0.08–0.16 mg/mL. Statistical differences (P < 0.05) were recorded for the extracts and the treatment doses of mushrooms stored in polythene and polypropylene packs. A significant linear correlation was confirmed between values for the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of mushroom extracts. The high contents of phenolic compounds indicated that these compounds contribute to high antioxidant activity. Pleurotus ostreatus can be regarded as a promising candidate for natural mushroom sources of antioxidants with high value. The use of low dose gamma radiation by the local food industry could improve the hygienic quality, extend shelf-life, and preserve nutrients and antinutrients.

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Abts cation scavenging activity and total phenolic content of three moss species

Hemijska industrija ◽

10.2298/hemind120131022p ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 66 (5) ◽

pp. 723-726 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Boris Pejin ◽

Jelena Bogdanovic-Pristov

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Moss Species ◽

Phenolic Contents ◽

Antioxidant Agents ◽

Acid Cation ◽

First Time

A limited number of mosses have ever been studied in regard to antioxidant activity; with only few belonging to the European species. As part of our on-going screening of bryophytes as natural antioxidant resources, a relevant biological activity investigation was conducted on the three moss species, namely Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) Schimp. (Brachytheciaceae), Calliergonella cuspidata (Hedw.) Loeske (Hypnaceae) and Hypnum mammillatum (Brid.) Loeske (Hypnaceae), collected in Germany. The antioxidant activity of corresponding lyophilised aqueous extracts (teas) was evaluated on the basis of their ABTS [2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] cation scavenging activities. The total phenolic contents were determined as well. This study led to the detection of a moderate total phenolic content of the moss B. rutabulum, indicating for the first time its potential in searching for novel antioxidant agents.

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Enhancements of isoflavone aglycones, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of black soybean by solid-state fermentation with Rhizopus spp.

European Food Research and Technology ◽

10.1007/s00217-013-1936-7 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 236 (6) ◽

pp. 1107-1113 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Kuan-Chen Cheng ◽

Jiun-Yi Wu ◽

Jiun-Tsai Lin ◽

Wen-Hsiung Liu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Solid State ◽

Solid State Fermentation ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Black Soybean

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Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, Phosphomolybdenum Assays for Estimating Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Compounds in Five Different Plant Extracts

Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca Animal Science and Biotechnologies ◽

10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:2018.0009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 (2) ◽

pp. 110

Author(s):

Arabela UNTEA ◽

Alexandra LUPU ◽

Mihaela SARACILA ◽

Tatiana PANAITE

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Free Radical ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Walnut Leaves

Many plants and their constituents (carotenoids, flavonoids and other phenolic compounds), action to inhibit the free radical by the use of antioxidant activity, helping to a better efficiency of nutrients utilization. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity and phenolic content of five different plants, known for their antioxidant potential. Total phenols were determined by FolinCiocalteumethod, with few modifications. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS radical-scavenging activity and phosphomolybdenum method. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity was obtained for walnut leaves in terms of ABTS evaluation and for bilberry leaves by DPPH and phosphomolybdenum methods. In the present study, peppermint, walnut and bilberry leaves proved to have an important antioxidant activity and also a total phenolic content.

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