Synthesis of 2, 5 Dimethyl Furan from Renewable Lignocellulosic Biomass

Renewable biomass resources could reduce the dependency on the fossil fuels by conversion of its lignocellulose into bio-fuels and other valuable chemicals. Depolymerisation of lignocellulose, hydrolysis of cellulose to monomer glucose and its subsequent dehydration results 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF). HMF is an important platform chemical for fuels and various other applications. The hydrogenation of HMF results 2, 5-dimethylfuran (DMF), which may be a biofuel with 40 per cent greater energy density than that of ethanol. The homogeneous catalytic method is preferred for lignocellulosic biomass conversion to cellulose, its hydrolysis and further dehydration to HMF. The Cu-Ru/C and related catalysts are preferred for hydrogenation of HMD to 2, 5-dimethylfuran. This review is an attempt to summarise the current research and developments in the field of lignocellulose derived HMF and further conversion to DMF as a potential biofuel.

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Renewable Biomass Utilization: A Way Forward to Establish Sustainable Chemical and Processing Industries

Clean Technologies ◽

10.3390/cleantechnol3010014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 243-259

Author(s):

Yadhu N. Guragain ◽

Praveen V. Vadlani

Keyword(s):

Fossil Fuels ◽

Process Intensification ◽

Raw Material ◽

Biomass Composition ◽

Biomass Feedstocks ◽

Renewable Biomass ◽

Sustainability Criteria ◽

Biomass Component ◽

Biomass Resources ◽

Multiple Challenges

Lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks are promising alternatives to fossil fuels for meeting raw material needs of processing industries and helping transit from a linear to a circular economy and thereby meet the global sustainability criteria. The sugar platform route in the biochemical conversion process is one of the promising and extensively studied methods, which consists of four major conversion steps: pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, and product purification. Each of these conversion steps has multiple challenges. Among them, the challenges associated with the pretreatment are the most significant for the overall process because this is the most expensive step in the sugar platform route and it significantly affects the efficiency of all subsequent steps on the sustainable valorization of each biomass component. However, the development of a universal pretreatment method to cater to all types of feedstock is nearly impossible due to the substantial variations in compositions and structures of biopolymers among these feedstocks. In this review, we have discussed some promising pretreatment methods, their processing and chemicals requirements, and the effect of biomass composition on deconstruction efficiencies. In addition, the global biomass resources availability and process intensification ideas for the lignocellulosic-based chemical industry have been discussed from a circularity and sustainability standpoint.

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A Novel Aldehyde Reductase Encoded by YML131W from Saccharomyces cerevisiae Confers Tolerance to Furfural Derived from Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion

BioEnergy Research ◽

10.1007/s12155-014-9506-9 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 119-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Xi Li ◽

Ruoheng Yang ◽

Menggen Ma ◽

Xu Wang ◽

Juan Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Biomass Conversion ◽

Aldehyde Reductase ◽

Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion

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Current Developments in Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion into Biofuels Using Nanobiotechology Approach

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13205300 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (20) ◽

pp. 5300

Author(s):

Mamata Singhvi ◽

Beom Soo Kim

Keyword(s):

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Enzyme Immobilization ◽

Enzyme Stability ◽

Biomass Conversion ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Reaction Rates ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Potential Strategy ◽

Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion ◽

Review Current

The conversion of lignocellulosic biomass (LB) to sugar is an intricate process which is the costliest part of the biomass conversion process. Even though acid/enzyme catalysts are usually being used for LB hydrolysis, enzyme immobilization has been recognized as a potential strategy nowadays. The use of nanobiocatalysts increases hydrolytic efficiency and enzyme stability. Furthermore, biocatalyst/enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles enables easy recovery and reuse of enzymes. Hence, the exploitation of nanobiocatalysts for LB to biofuel conversion will aid in developing a lucrative and sustainable approach. With this perspective, the effects of nanobiocatalysts on LB to biofuel production were reviewed here. Several traits, such as switching the chemical processes using nanomaterials, enzyme immobilization on nanoparticles for higher reaction rates, recycling ability and toxicity effects on microbial cells, were highlighted in this review. Current developments and viability of nanobiocatalysts as a promising option for enhanced LB conversion into the biofuel process were also emphasized. Mostly, this would help in emerging eco-friendly, proficient, and cost-effective biofuel technology.

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