Localization of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α7 and β4 Subunits on Direction-Selective Ganglion Cells in Rabbit Retina

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-411
Author(s):  
Oh-Ju Kwon ◽  
Chang-Hyun Ahn ◽  
Chang-Jin Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Rabbit Retina ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine

Correlation of callosal connections and optical imaging maps in visual cortex of mice lacking retinal activity waves due to deficiency in the ß2 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Olavarria ◽  
Jianhua Cang ◽  
Valery A. Kalatsky ◽  
Michael P Stryker
Keyword(s):  
Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine ◽  
Retinal Waves ◽  
Retinal Activity ◽  
Callosal Connections ◽  
Optical Responses ◽  
Eyes Open

Studies of visual callosal connections proposed that bilateral projections from temporal retina promote the formation of callosal linkages between cortical loci that are retinotopically matched and non-mirror symmetric with respect to the brain midline. It is therefore possible for a spontaneously active retinal locus to simultaneously activate retinotopically corresponding loci in both cortices, leading to Hebbian-like stabilization of connections between them before the eyes open. Interhemispheric correlated activity could stem from single ganglion cells that send axon branches to both sides, or from closely located cells that project to one side or the other, but which fire in synchrony due to spontaneously generated retinal activity waves. We hypothesized that lack of retinal waves could induce callosal map anomalies similar to those produced by neonatal enucleation. We studied mice lacking retinal waves due to deficiency in the ß2 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. The organization of callosal projections revealed with small tracer injections was correlated with V1 maps made by imaging intrinsic optical responses to drifting stimuli. Consistent with studies showing that retinofugal and geniculocortical projections are less focused in ß2 -/- mice, we found that the overall callosal pattern in V1 is markedly broader in ß2 -/- mice than in wild type mice. However, the fine topography of the callosal map in ß2 -/- mice is similar to that in wild type and ß2 -/+ mice, indicating that lack of retinal waves is not sufficient for inducing the reversal in the callosal map caused by neonatal enucleation.

MLA-sensitive cholinergic receptors involved in the detection of complex moving stimuli in retina

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 861-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.T. REED ◽  
K.T. KEYSER ◽  
F.R. AMTHOR
Keyword(s):  
Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Apparent Motion ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Rabbit Retina ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine ◽  
Transparent Motion ◽  
Neuronal Acetylcholine Receptor

Acetylcholine, acting through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, mediates the response properties of many ganglion cells in the rabbit retina, including those that are directionally selective (DS; Ariel & Daw, 1982a,b). For example, Grzywacz et al. (1998) showed that cholinergic input is necessary for DS responses to drifting gratings, a form of textured stimulus. However, the identities and locations of the neuronal acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes that mediate this input are not clear (Keyser et al., 2000). We investigated the role of methyllycaconitine-sensitive, α7-like nAChRs in mediating DS responses to textured stimuli and apparent motion. We recorded extracellularly from On–Off DS ganglion cells in rabbit retina using everted eyecup preparations. Our data provide evidence that MLA-sensitive nAChRs are involved in mediating directionally selective responses to apparent motion and to a variety of complex, textured stimuli such as drifting square-wave gratings, transparent motion, and second-order motion.

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