scholarly journals Prevalence of Malaria Parasites among Pregnant Women and Children under Five years in Ekiti State, Southwest Nigeria.

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Iyabo Adepeju SIMON-OKE
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Women And Children

Background: Malaria is a deadly disease causing serious public health issues among pregnant women and children worldwide especially in tropical and subtropical Africa. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of malaria parasites among pregnant women and children under five years in Ekiti State, Nigeria.Methodology: A total of 380 blood samples were collected from the pregnant women and children under five years respectively. Malaria parasites were examined microscopically on thick and thin blood smear stained with Giemsa stain while personal data were collected through questionnaire and confirmed from file records. Red cell phenotyping was carried out manually with standard tube technique for blood group. Haemoglobin electrophoresis was carried out using the cellulose acetate alkaline haemoglobin electrophoresis technique, which allowed for the separation of haemoglobin A, F, S, and C into distinct bands.Results: The results showed that of 380 pregnant women sampled, 153 (40.2%) were positive for malaria parasites and 63 (63%) were positive of the 100 children sampled. The highest prevalence of malaria parasites 18 (51.4%) and 25 (71.4%) were observed in ages 36-39 and <1 years for pregnant women and children respectively. Multigravidae was 1.19 times (95% Cl: 0.77, 1.84) more vulnerable to malaria compare to primigravidae. Women in the first trimester were more infected with malaria parasites 40 (75.4%) than those in second trimester 46 (23.3%) and third trimester 67 (51.9%). Among children under five years of age, females 38 (66.7%) had the highest prevalence compared to males 25 (58.1%). However, there was no significant difference. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in genotype types (P<0.05).Conclusion: This study revealed that malaria infection is still endemic in the study area, hence, there is urgent need to deploy management strategy to the study area.

scholarly journals Pencegahan Stunting Sejak Dini di Era Milenial Desa Sukokerto Kecamatan Pajarakan Kabupaten Probolinggo

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Indro Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Plant Cultivation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Village

Most people do not understand correctly about Stunting, and assume that Stunting or dwarf designation commonly used in society is heredity. This dedication activity is carried out to increase knowledge and understanding of stunting which is expected to directly motivate the community to participate in paying attention to the growth and development of their children so that their growth and development can be optimal. Factors causing stunting are low birth weight, not getting exclusive breastfeeding, lack of energy and protein intake, and not immunizing. Based on statistical data on the progress of the implementation of the acceleration of prevention of integrated stunting in East Java Province, the status of April 2019, Probolinggo district, showed that the prevalence of stunting reached 94%, the data of stunting children in 2018 reached 17.29%. Data from the analysis of the stunting prevention plan in Probolinggo Regency in 2020 through a source from Bappeda Sukokerto village, including villages with 90 children under five. Data stunting in the village of Sukokerto was 3.72%. The main target of the implementation of the socialization program on prevention of stunting is pregnant women and children under five in the Sukokerto village community by holding a Posyandu Outreach event with the theme "Prevention of Early Stunting in the Millennial Era" and pregnant women. Based on the above table it can be stated the results before the test participants who knew about the Stunting prevention program 14 people (40%) while the results based on after the test participants who knew about the stunting prevention program were 27 people (77%) seen from the results before the test that most parents did not know about how to prevent stunting. community empowerment in the form of Moringa plant-based food development, because Moringa has been proven to contain super nutrition and is easy to obtain. The method for community empowerment is carried out by organizing land use movements for Moringa plant cultivation and also counseling about the use of Moringa plants. Besides that, when the Moringa planting activities are carried out, the entire community can participate enthusiastically until all activities end. Keywords: Stunting counseling and Moringa planting

scholarly journals Analysis of Relationship Between Socioeconomic and Sex with Stunting Among Children Under Five Years in Sangiangtanjung, Lebak Banten

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-291
Author(s):  
Terry Y.R. Pristya ◽  
Azizah Muliha Fitri ◽  
Widayani Wahyuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five

Stunting is an indicator of nutritional status problems. Some of the risk factors that cause stunting are very complex. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic and sex with stunting in children under five. This research was a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative data were obtained from secondary data from the Nutrition Status Monitoring (PSG) Sangiangtanjung 2019. The sample was 507 children under five of age in Sangiangtanjung Village who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The variables analyzed included stunting, socio-economic, and sex was analyzed using the Fisher exact test and chi-square. Qualitative data were obtained from in-depth interviews with a village official and a village midwife. The results showed that the prevalence of stunting in Sangiangtanjung Village was 2.8%. All variables showed no relationship with stunting, consist of: socioeconomic (p-value = 0.845) and gender (p-value = 0.604). The results of interviews obtained in-depth information about the risk factors for stunting, the low socio-economic level of the community, the reluctance of pregnant women to antenatal care in the first trimester, and the belief in some stigma regarding restrictions on the consumption of certain foods that are good for health. All of these factors were included in the fundamental factors. There was a need for handling efforts at the downstream level by increasing the knowledge of pregnant women about risk factors for stunting and their prevention through pregnant women classes.

The role of the platelet profile in the prediction of gestational diabetes

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: In our study, the results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and other hemogram parameters of pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were compared. The aim of our study is to investigate the benefit of these parameters in predicting GDM risk. Material and Method: The study was planned as a descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. It was included 218 pregnant women who applied to the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Amasya Sabuncuoğlu Şerefeddin Training and Research Hospital between January 01, 2019 and January 31, 2020. It was examined complete blood count parameters, ultrasound findings, complete urinalysis, first trimester blood glucose, body mass index, age, and gravide parameters the patients we included in the study. The results were analyzed retrospectively and was evaluated the statistical significance relationship with gestational diabetes. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in age, body mass index (BMI), obesity status and number of gravida between the pregnant women who were examined and those without GDM (p> 0.05). The hemoglobin, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobine (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values, and neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte and basophil counts, urine density and femur length were statistically significant. There was no difference (p> 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found in terms of neutrophile lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophile monocyte ratio (NMR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte eosinophil ratio (MER), platelet MPV ratio (PMPVR), and platelet neutrophile ratio (PNR) values (p> 0.05) Conclusion: HbA1c, hematocrit and blood glucose in the first trimester may be predictors of GDM. In addition, we think that further studies are needed in a prospective design in more patients in terms of others parameters.

Optimalisasi Peran Kader Dalam Meningkatkan Self-Care Management Nutrisi Kehamilan Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Risiko Stunting Di Kecamatan Air Periukan Kabupaten Seluma

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 991-1001
Author(s):  
Nur Elly Nur Elly ◽  
Asmawati Asmawati ◽  
Betty Yosephin ◽  
Rahma Annisa ◽  
Khelli Fitria Annuril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Care Management ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Development Program ◽  
The Self ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Nutrition Management ◽  
Management Of Nutrition

ABSTRAK Pencegahan stunting merupakan program prioritas pembangunan di Indonesia sampai tahun 2024. Nutrisi pada periode 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK), yaitu sejak janin berada dalam kandungan sampai usia 2 tahun kelahiran sangat penting diperhatikan sebagai upaya pencegahan resiko stunting. Kader kesehatan berperan penting dalam self-care management nutrisi ibu selama kehamilan sebagai upaya pencegahan stunting. Permasalahan yang dihadapi kader Kesehatan di Desa Talang Benuang dan Lokasi Baru Kecamatan Air Priukan sebagai desa dari 20 desa lokasi khusus (lokus) stunting di Kabupaten Seluma tahun 2020 adalah kurangnya pengetahuan tentang stunting dan 1000 HPK sehingga belum memiliki bekal yang cukup untuk melaksanakan perannya sebagai pelaku penggerak masyarakat dalam mewujudkan kesehatan termasuk dalam pencegahan dan penanganan stunting. Tujuan  PKM  adalah memberdayakan kader sebagai garda terdepan dalam meningkatkan self-care management nutrisi ibu hamil untuk  meminimalisir risiko stunting pada anak balita. Peserta pelatihan sebanyak 11 (sebelas) orang kader. Metode kegiatan adalah melakukan sosialisasi, pelatihan, dan pendampingan kader dalam self-care management nutrisi ibu hamil. Hasil kegiatan adalah adanya peningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan serta kemandirian kader dalam memberikan edukasi dan pendampingan pada ibu hamil dalam self-care management nutrisi. Kader diharapkan  mengaplikasikan pengetahuan dan kemampuan yang telah diperoleh untuk memberikan edukasi dan pendampingan terhadap ibu hamil di wilayahnya. Kata Kunci : Kader kesehatan, Self-care management nutrisi, Stunting  ABSTRACT Prevention of stunting is a priority development program in Indonesia until 2024. Nutrition in the first 1000 days of life (HPK), which is from the fetus is in the womb until 2 years old, is very important to consider as an effort to prevent the risk of stunting. Health cadres play an important role in the self-care management of maternal nutrition during pregnancy as an effort to prevent stunting. The problem faced by health cadres in Talang Benuang Village and Lokasi Baru Village of Air Priukan Subdistrict as a village of 20 special locations (locus) for stunting in Seluma Regency in 2020 is a lack of knowledge about stunting and 1000 HPK so that they do not have sufficient provisions to carry out their role as perpetrators driving the community in realizing health, including the prevention and management of stunting. The goal of PKM is to empower cadres as the front guard in improving nutrition self-care management for pregnant women to minimize the risk of stunting in children under five. The participants were 11 cadres. The method was to conduct socialization, training, and mentoring cadres in self-care management of nutrition for pregnant women. The result of the activity was an increase in knowledge, skills, and independence of cadres in providing education and assistance to pregnant women in nutrition management self-care. Cadres were expected to apply the knowledge and abilities they have acquired to provide education and assistance to pregnant women in their area. Keywords: Health cadres, Self-care management nutrition, Stunting

scholarly journals Impact of Endometriomas and Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis on Pregnancy Outcomes and on First and Second Trimester Markers of Impaired Placentation

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 550
Author(s):  
Carolina Scala ◽  
Umberto Leone Roberti Maggiore ◽  
Fabio Barra ◽  
Matteo Tantari ◽  
Simone Ferrero
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Deep Infiltrating Endometriosis ◽  
Deep Endometriosis ◽  
Birth Prevalence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and objective: Previous studies did not draw a definitive conclusion about the influence of the role of deep endometriosis (DE) and ovarian endometrioma (OE) as risk factor for developing adverse perinatal outcomes in patients affected by endometriosis. This study aimed to investigate if adverse fetal and maternal outcomes, and in particular the incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) infants, are different in pregnant women with OE versus pregnant women with DE without OE. Material and methods: This study was based on a retrospective analysis of a database collected prospectively. The population included in the study was divided into three groups: patients with OE, patients with DE without concomitant OE, and patients without endometriosis (controls). The controls were matched on the basis of age and parity. Demographic data at baseline and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in first trimester levels of PAPP-A, first and mid-pregnancy trimester mean Uterine Artery Doppler pulsatile index, estimated fetal weight centile, and SGA fetuses’ prevalence for patients with OE, and those with DE without OE in comparison to health women; moreover, there was no statistically significant difference with regard to SGA birth prevalence, prevalence of preeclampsia, and five-minute Apgar score between these three groups. Conclusions: The specific presence of OE or DE in pregnant women does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of delivering an SGA infant. These data seem to suggest that patients with endometriosis should be treated in pregnancy as the general population, thus not needing a closer monitoring.

scholarly journals Use of Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Net among Pregnant Women and Guardians of Children under Five in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph N. Inungu ◽  
Nestor Ankiba ◽  
Mark Minelli ◽  
Vincent Mumford ◽  
Dido Bolekela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Mosquito Net ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

Background. Insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) are one of the most effective tools for preventing malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. Objective. This study examined knowledge, attitude, and practice on the use of ITNs in the prevention of malaria among pregnant women and guardians of children under five in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Methods. A total of 5,138 pregnant women and guardians of children under five were interviewed. Results. The majority of participants (>80%) knew the signs and symptoms of malaria; 81.6% reported having an ITN in the household, but 78.4% reported using it the night before the interview. Only 71.4% of pregnant women used ITN the night compared to 68.2% of children under five. In the Logistic Regression model, women who believed that it is normal to use ITNs were 1.9 times more likely to use it than those who did not (OR: 1.930); women who were confident in their abilities to use ITNs were 1.9 times more likely than those who were not confident (OR: 1.915); and women who had a good attitude towards ITNs were also more likely to use ITNs compared to those who did not (OR: 1.529). Conclusion. New and innovative evidence-based behavior change interventions are needed to increase the utilization of ITNs among vulnerable groups.

scholarly journals Serum adipocytokines and adiposity as predictive indices of preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Tijani Bawah ◽  
Francis Agyemang Yeboah ◽  
Salifu Nanga ◽  
Huseini Alidu ◽  
Robert A. Ngala
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background This study was aimed at determining the levels of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and lipids during the first trimester in pregnant women and to evaluate the relationship between these biochemical markers and preeclampsia (PE). Available evidence point to changes in the levels of these adipokines in PE hence this study examined the potential of using these biomarkers in the prediction of the disease. Methods This was a case-control study which compared first trimester serum biochemical and anthropometric parameters in pregnant women who subsequently developed PE and those who did not. Blood pressure and urine protein were determined after 20 weeks of gestation and diagnosis of PE performed according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association. Results There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the lipid profile with the exception of HDL cholesterol which was significantly lower (p = 0.043) in the PE group compared to the normotensive group. There were, however, significant differences (p <  0.05) in the adipokines between the PE group and those without PE. Analyses of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for the adipokines, showed their ability to correctly predict PE even after controlling for body mass index (BMI) and family history of hypertension. Conclusion Adiponectin, leptin, resistin and visfatin were found to be significant predictors of PE, with resistin being the best predictor after controlling for BMI. However, adiponectin was the best predictor after controlling for BMI, age, parity and family history of diabetes and preeclmapsia.

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