scholarly journals Jejak Islamisasi Jawa Oleh KH Soleh Darat (Studi Kasus Naskah Kitab Syarah Al-Hikam)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 418
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
The Past ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

By translating many books of jurisprudence and Sufism in Javanese, KH Sholeh Darat delivered a message of da'wah at the house of the Regent of Demak which was the uncle of R.A. Kartini. KH Sholeh Darat translates the Quran in Javanese using Arabic Pegon. The book was recorded as the first translation book in the world in Javanese. The first book of interpretation in Arabic Javanese Pegon was given the name Faidhur Rohman. In his missionary ethos, KH Soleh Darat was very concerned about how Javanese culture and character education of Javanese people lack understanding in Arabic. Therefore, the effort to translate various books into banhasa Jawa is nothing more than the process of Javanese Islamization which is very accommodating to Javanese culture. One of the books that reveals the Javanese ethic of Sufism is the Syarah Al Hikam Book. This research is based on the consideration that the manuscript includes some of the cultural riches of the archipelago of the past century which until now can still be saved. Therefore, this manuscript needs to be studied philologically and thematically, especially the values of the propaganda of KH Sholeh Darat which provide a wind of harmony in religion. Through intertextual studies this study intends to find the character relationship of Syarah Al Hikam KH Soleh Darat. Through the learning of the Al Hikam book, traces of Islamic thought and the method of da'wah that combines Islamic culture and Javanese culture, accommodating, moderate, between the Shari'a and the tarekat is the harmonization of Islam can be accepted in the multicultural society in Semarang and Java in the 19th century.

scholarly journals Tracing the Trace of Thought Sholeh Land and Islamic Traction in Semarang

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 07081
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Islamic Culture ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Magnum Opus ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

By translating many books of fiqh and Sufism into Javanese, KH Sholeh Darat has actually left a trail of brilliant Islamic thought in Semarang. This can be traced through his works which are works of translation, one of which is the magnum opus is the Book of Syarh Al Hikam. Therefore, the teachings of Islam are easily understood and accepted by the Semarang Islamic community. This is as conveyed in the message of preaching at the house of the Regent of Demak who is the uncle of R.A. Kartini. KH Sholeh Darat translated the Koran into Javanese using Arabic Pegon. Therefore, the effort to translate various books into Javanese is none other than the process of Islamization in Semarang, which is a trail of Islamic teaching that is very accommodating to Javanese culture in the Semarang area. Therefore, this manuscript needs to be studied philologically and thematically, especially the values of the propaganda of KH Sholeh Darat which provide a wind of harmony in religion. Through intertextual studies this study intends to find the character relationship of Syarah Al Hikam KH Soleh Darat. Through the learning of the Al Hikam book, traces of Islamic thought and the method of da'wah that combines Islamic culture and Javanese culture, accommodating, moderate, between the Shari'a and the tarekat is the harmonization of Islam can be accepted in the multicultural society in Semarang and Java in the 19th century.

scholarly journals Mistisisme Baru: Teilhard De Chardin

Humaniora ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Andy Gunardi
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Love Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

Modernism today needs a new approachment in action and faith. Mysticism in the past is not sufficient to fulfil the needs today. The ways how to be faithfull through praying, and leaving the world should be transformed. Teilhard de Chardin, even lived in the 19th century, has had tought beyond his era. Today his idea and the way of his mysticism have a place. He wanted to unify all spiritual experiences in the past with modernism which has desire to know more the knowledges about earth. He tried to bring the science in as an effort to know more God and to love Him.His mysticism uses the daily life as a part of praying and a place to meet God. This study was based on a survey of young children and also consulting assistance to two students for 6 months. The method used is qualitative as well as quantitative. Mysticism associated with the dimensions of spiritual and also the dimension outside the spiritual. Mysticism is the driving force of love. Love unites two persons, namely God that exceeds any and all humans. Love relationship could be established both in spirit and the relationship of human with the world. 

British psychiatry and homosexuality

1999 ◽  
Vol 175 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael King ◽  
Annie Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Behavioural Sciences

BackgroundOpposition to homosexuality in Europe reached a crescendo in the 19th century. What had earlier been regarded as a vice evolved as a perversion or psychological illness. Official reviews of homosexuality as both an illness and (for men) a crime led to discrimination, inhumane treatments and shame, guilt and fear for gay men and lesbians. Only recently has homosexuality been removed from all international diagnostic glossaries.AimsTo review how British psychiatry has regarded homosexuality over the past century.MethodReview of key publications on homosexuality in British psychiatry.ResultsThe literature on homosexuality reflects evolving theories on sexuality over the past century. The assumptions in psychoanalysis and the behavioural sciences that sexuality could be altered led to unscientific theory and practice.ConclusionsMental health professionals in Britain should be aware of the mistakes of the past. Only in that way can we prevent future excesses and heal the gulf between gay and lesbian patients and their psychiatrists.

scholarly journals Foreign Layer of the Chuvash Book

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Alena Mikhajlovna Ivanova ◽  
Eduard Valentinovich Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Parallel Texts

The article is devoted to the consideration of extraterritorial publications on the Chuvash theme. The purpose of the work is to identify the essential features of the foreign layer of the Chuvash book. The conclusions of the work are based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of bibliographic indexes and a direct study of the books themselves de visu. The authors of the article consider foreign books as an important component of modern Chuvash culture, endowed with communicative, cognitive-cumulative, ethno-presentative and educational functions. Extraterritorial editions of the Chuvash book appeared in the first half of the 19th century, and only by the end of the 20th century they formed an independent layer. At the same time, one should objectively speak of two exteriorics – the Chuvash and by the poet G. Aygi. Each of them is represented by almost 150 publications. The predominant problematic of the foreign language layer of the Chuvash book proper is the Chuvash language. Moreover, its notable aspect is the publication of books in the Chuvash language or their publication with parallel texts in Sweden and Turkey. G. Aygi’s foreign publications are already represented by collections of poems in Russian, published by the publishing house of the artist N. Dronnikov in France. This work is a publication that should provide an introduction to the scientific use of literature that has not yet become the property of the Chuvash Studies. Its task is to promote the full functioning of modern Chuvash science in conjunction with the world one. The authors come to the conclusion that, in general, the foreign layer of the Chuvash book has an enduring value, and many of the scientific publications published in the past are rightly elevated to the rank of classical ones by the scientists.

scholarly journals Is There A Need in a New «Concert of Great Powers»? Discussions in the American Expert Community

2021 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Korney Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Political System ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Charles I ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
Expert Community ◽  
The 19Th Century

The world political system is recently passing through a period of rapid changes. Decades of Western dominance are coming to an end, while strengthening China and Russia are eroding the weakening western leadership and its liberal values. In order to reduce tensions between the great powers and prevent possible confrontation, Richard N. Haas and Charles I. Kupchan propose to create a modern edition of the "European Concert" of the 19th century. Their opponents claim that the experience of the past is not always relevant in the present, and the "concert" system will not work in the modern circumstances. The article reveals the arguments of both sides.

The Spread and Persistence of Māturīdi Kalām and Underlying Dynamics

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-92
Author(s):  
Philipp Bruckmayr
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theological Schools ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe paper is concerned with a long-term perspective on the position of Māturīdi kalām within (mostly) Hanafi Muslim societies from Timurid times to the 19th century. Whereas outright conflict between legal and theological schools was mainly a thing of the past during the time in question with Ash'arism, already fully embraced also by Hanafi constituencies within the ahl al-sunna wa l-jamā'a, a preference for Māturīdi views on specific issues persisted among the majority of Hanafi kalām scholars from Bosnia to South Asia. This state of affairs will be highlighted through recourse to madrasa curricula and theological literature from the era and areas as diverse as Turkey and Southeast Asia. Additionally, it seeks to draw attention to the mechanisms behind the spread and long-term persistence of the school throughout large parts of a Muslim world seemingly dominated by Ash'arism in the sphere of scholastic theology. In this regard, the prevalence of Transoxanian legal tradition within Hanafism and its linkages to Māturīdism, as well as the relationship of Naqshbandi Sufism to the school will be discussed.

scholarly journals Sang de belette et cervelle de corbeau : la médicalisation de la folie au Québec, 1600-1850

Criminologie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
André Cellard
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
General Public ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Past Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
The 19Th Century

Like most areas of health that interested medicine in the 19th century, it was almost without opposition that insanity was to become a new medical specialty during the past century. The aim of this article is to shed some light on the dynamics that have allowed doctors since the I7tl% and 18th century to share their point of view with the general public for whom the existential causes of madness seem to have been taken for granted.

scholarly journals The Contemporary Sustainable Neighbourhood: Cracow’s Wola Justowska district

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032086
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Butelski ◽  
Stanisław Butelski ◽  
Wojciech Firek
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Cultural Process ◽  
The Past ◽  
Building Form ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Abstract The environment is the little "Homeland”, which is defined by a neighborhood consisting of people and structures. The neighborhood is extended in time and space. The city of Cracow was chosen as a case study here. The contemporary environment in the Wola Justowska district is presented in the last examples of buildings designed by the author. Those contemporary structures are compared with historical houses in Cracow, which belong to the author’s family since the 19th century. The author analyses the influences of the period of the 19th century Austrian occupation, of a construction boom between the two World Wars, and of the Communist ban on design and construction in Cracow. In the paper's final remarks, the author notes that the design process and processes of shaping the environment look similar in the past century and today and that a contemporary neighborhood is shaped more by a cultural process than by design. Designing, building and endurance of a building form is a process that is shaped by culture and at the same time shapes the culture itself.

Globalization Processes in Architecture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadjla Fellahi
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Global Cities ◽  
New Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century

The beginning of globalization according to Karl Marx’s anticipation when the Bourgeoisie class were expending their products to reach the whole globe starting from the mid of the 19th century, other scholars assume that globalization can be seen as a thread run through all the past humanities starting from our ancestors and their migration across the world which makes no fixed beginning nor an expected end of it. Globalization changed the relations between producers and consumers, also it broken various links between labor with family, daily life, as well as national attachments. The objective of this article is to discuss the progress of the globalization in the field of architecture, its signs, and its processes. The article also demonstrates how the aspect of localities has been affected by the global forces which will be done through two case studies: Algiers and Istanbul. The results expose that Globalization approach can be defined from various perspectives, but what common in these viewpoints is the "Mobility" of thoughts, objects, people, and ideas between regions, nations, and continents. The stereotype aspect of global cities which characterized by tall-sized buildings, the new materials, the sophisticated facades, new technologies etc., has impacted on the priorities of people and authorities of various countries like Algeria, and Turkey.

scholarly journals Hêgemonía: Hegemony, Classical and Modern

2008 ◽  
pp. 119-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wikinson
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Cultural Resources ◽  
World Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Island States ◽  
The World ◽  
Greek History ◽  
Political Hierarchy ◽  
The 19Th Century

"Hegemony" is a term from the vocabulary of classical Greek history which was deliberately revived in the 19th century to describe a modern phenomenon. In its classical context, the clear denotation of “hegemony” is a military-political hierarchy, not one of wealth or cultural prestige; although both economic and cultural resources could serve to advance military-political hegemony, they were not at all of the essence. Hegemonic relations were conscious, and based upon complex motives and capacities. Individuals, peoples and states could desire, seek, struggle for, get, keep, lose and regain hegemony. Hegemony was sought or exercised over nations, over territories, over the land or the sea, or over tôn holôn, "the whole"; but "territories" turn out to be the states and nations thereon, "the land" and "the sea" actually meant "the mainland states" and "the island states," and tôn holôn was the world system, the whole system of interacting states. Hegemonic power relationships in the classical style are alive and well today; far from being time-bound, place-bound or culture-bound, hegemony in the classical sense is a transhistorical and transcultural fact that merits comparative-civilizational and comparative-world-systems study. While bilateral, alliance, and regional hegemonies are far more frequent both today and in the past, the most useful hegemony for study in a comparative civilizations/world systems context is systemwide hegemony: a unipolar influence structure that falls short of universal empire.

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