scholarly journals Effect of Operating Conditions on the Liquid Water Content Flowing Out of the Cathode Side and the Stability of PEM Fuel Cell Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Mulyazmi Mulyazmi ◽  
Wan R.W. Daud ◽  
Elly D. Rahman ◽  
Purwantika Purwantika ◽  
Putri A. Mulya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
The Stability

Modeling Effects of Two-Phase Transport in Cathode Gas Flow Channel on PEM Fuel Cell Performance

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Wang ◽  
Ken S. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Flow Channels

The objective of this study is to make an attempt at developing a sub-model that can account for the presence of liquid water in the cathode channel and couple it with other key phenomena occurring in a PEM fuel cell, including those in the anode side. The two-phase sub-model in cathode gas flow channels is based on the two-phase mixture formula. Numerical results from case studies are presented in comparison with those predicted by the single-phase channel flow sub-model. Our preliminary results indicate that liquid water accumulates along the flow channels and builds up quickly once it emerges. For the operating conditions and cell geometry chosen for the case study present in the present work, our results show that the liquid water in the channel only slightly affects the fuel cell performance. More extensive case studies are needed.

Experimental Results of a PEM System Operated on Hydrogen and Reformate

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Minutillo ◽  
E. Jannelli ◽  
F. Tunzio
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell generator operating for residential applications. The fuel cell performance has been evaluated using the test bed of the University of Cassino. The experimental activity has been focused to evaluate the performance in different operating conditions: stack temperature, feeding mode, and fuel composition. In order to use PEM fuel cell technology on a large scale, for an electric power distributed generation, it could be necessary to feed fuel cells with conventional fuel, such as natural gas, to generate hydrogen in situ because currently the infrastructure for the distribution of hydrogen is almost nonexistent. Therefore, the fuel cell performance has been evaluated both using pure hydrogen and reformate gas produced by a natural gas reforming system.

Water Balance Experiments in PEM Fuel Cell for Measurements of Water Transport Properties Through Membrane

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiangu Yan ◽  
Qingyun Liu ◽  
Junxiao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Transport Parameters ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Current Loading

Water balance in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was investigated by measurements of the net drag coefficient under various conditions. The effects of water balance in the PEM fuel cell on the cell performance were also investigated at different operating conditions. Experimental results reveal that the net drag coefficient of water through the membrane depends on current density and humidification of feed gases. It is found that the net drag coefficient (net number of water molecules transported per proton) has values between 0.93 and −0.015 depending on operating condition, current loading and level of humidification. It was also found that the humidity of both anode and cathode inlet gases had significant effect on fuel cell performance. The results will be used to define conditions of optimal hydration of the membrane. Based on the performance and resistance measurements, optimal humidification can be achieved. The resistance of working fuel cell shows that the membrane resistance increases with the feed gas relative humidity (RH) decreased. Data obtained will be used to evaluate the transport parameters such as net flux of water through the membrane and the effective drag under various operating conditions, and further provide validation data for the fuel cell modeling and simulation efforts.

Effect of Hydrophobicity in Cathode Porous Media on PEM Fuel Cell Performance

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Yang ◽  
Wenan Li ◽  
Xiaoze Du ◽  
Yongping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Water Transportation ◽  
Overall Performance

The water management is a key issue for the performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Materials of the fuel cell would affect the water transportation in the flow field thus influence the overall performance of a fuel cell. Three dimensional single-channel, counter-flow model was built to analyze the performance of PEM fuel cell. Different surface contact angles were set to the liquid water droplets in the catalyst layers (CL) and gas diffusion layers (GDL) to present the different wetting property characterizations of the materials. Assuming that the contact angles range from 75° to 150°, the liquid water content and distribution in the cathode GDL were investigated in details. Numerical analysis showed that the hydrophobicity of the structure affects water transportation in the fuel cell significantly. Hydrophobic materials could lower the rate of water saturation in the flow field thus prevent the water flooding in the cathode side. When the surface contact angel of cathode CL and GDL was set to 135°, the liquid water content is least in the GDL. I-V polarization curves of the fuel cell with different materials were also developed to analyze the overall performance. As a result, proper hydrophobic material would lower the rate of cathode water flooding in PEM and benefit the performance of PEM fuel cell.

Effect of Hydrophobicity in Cathode Porous Media on PEM Fuel Cell Performance

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lijun Yang ◽  
Wenan Li ◽  
Xiaoze Du ◽  
Yongping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Water ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Liquid Water Content ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Water Transportation ◽  
Overall Performance

Water management is a key issue for the performance of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell. Materials of the fuel cell would affect the water transportation in the flow field, thus influence, the overall performance of the fuel cell. A three dimensional, single-channel, counterflow model was built to analyze the performance of the PEM fuel cell. Different surface contact angles were set to the liquid water droplets in the catalyst layers (CLs) and gas diffusion layers (GDLs) to present the different wetting property characterizations of the materials. Assuming that the contact angle ranges from 75 deg to 150 deg, the liquid water content and distribution in the cathode GDL were investigated in details. Numerical analysis showed that the hydrophobicity of the structure affects the water transportation in the fuel cell significantly. Hydrophobic materials could lower the rate of water saturation in the flow field, thus preventing the water flooding in the cathode side. When the surface contact angles of the cathode CL and GDL were set to 135 deg, the liquid water content is least in the GDL. I-V polarization curves of the fuel cell with different materials were also developed to analyze the overall performance. As a result, proper hydrophobic material would lower the rate of cathode water flooding in PEM and benefit the performance of PEM fuel cell.

scholarly journals The Relative Humidity Effect Of The Reactants Flows Into The Cell To Increase PEM Fuel Cell Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulyazmi ◽  
W.R W Daud ◽  
Silvi Octavia ◽  
Maria Ulfah
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Cathode Side ◽  
Humidity Effect ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance

Design of the Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell system is still developed and improved to achieve performance and efficiency optimal. Improvement of PEM fuel cell performance can be achieved by knowing the effect of system parameters based on thermodynamics on voltage and current density. Many parameters affect the performance of PEM fuel cell, one of which is the relative humidity of the reactants that flow in on the anode and cathode sides. The results of this study show that the increase in relative humidity value on the cathode side (RHC) causes a significant increase in current density value when compared to the increase of relative humidity value on the anode side (RHA). The performance of single cells with high values is found in RHC is from 70% to 90%. The maximum current density generated at RHA is 70% and RHC is 90% with PEM operating temperature of 363 K and pressure of 1 atm

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