scholarly journals In response to nocturnal dipping profile in chronic kidney disease: Searching for underlying mechanisms in order to prevent adverse events

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhee Jeong ◽  
Jeanie Park
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Nocturnal Dipping ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

scholarly journals Nocturnal dipping profile in chronic kidney disease: Searching for underlying mechanisms in order to prevent adverse events

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieta Theodorakopoulou ◽  
Konstantina Dipla ◽  
Andreas Zafeiridis ◽  
Pantelis Sarafidis
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Nocturnal Dipping ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Does Vitamin K Intake Influence High Phosphate Induced Vascular Pseudo-ossification: An Underappreciated Therapeutic Prospect in General Population?

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-430
Author(s):  
Zar Chi Thent ◽  
Gabriele R.A. Froemming ◽  
Suhaila Abd Muid
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Vascular Calcification ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Vascular Complication ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
High Phosphate

Increasing interest in vascular pseudo-ossification has alarmed the modern atherosclerotic society. High phosphate is one of the key factors in vascular pseudo ossification, also known as vascular calcification. The active process of deposition of the phosphate crystals in vascular tissues results in arterial stiffness. High phosphate condition is mainly observed in chronic kidney disease patients. However, prolonged exposure with high phosphate enriched foods such as canned drinks, dietary foods, etc. can be considered as modifiable risk factors for vascular complication in a population regardless of chronic kidney disease. High intake of vitamin K regulates the vascular calcification by exerting its anti-calcification effect. The changes in serum phosphate and vitamin K levels in a normal individual with high phosphate intake are not well investigated. This review summarised the underlying mechanisms of high phosphate induced vascular pseudo ossification such as vascular transdifferentiation, vascular apoptosis and phosphate uptake by sodium-dependent co-transporters. Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar were searched using the terms ‘vitamin K’, ‘vascular calcification, ‘phosphate’, ‘transdifferentiation’ and ‘vascular pseudoossification’. Vitamin K certainly activates the matrix GIA protein and inhibits vascular transition and apoptosis in vascular pseudo-ossification. The present view highlighted the possible therapeutic linkage between vitamin K and the disease. Understanding the role of vitamin K will be considered as potent prophylaxis agent against the vascular disease in near future.

Abstract 109: Gamma-adducin Effects on Microvascular Function- a Common Link of Hypertension Induced Chronic Kidney Disease and Cognitive Impairments

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Fan ◽  
Shaoxun Wang ◽  
Paige N Mims ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Richard J Roman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Microvascular Dysfunction ◽  
Small Region ◽  
Glomerular Injury ◽  
Flow Pressure ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Stop Flow

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cognitive impairments are common complications of hypertension. Increasing evidence suggests that the cognitive impairments associated with CKD may be related to microvascular dysfunction, however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. FHH is a genetic model of hypertension-induced nephropathy. We found that the myogenic response and autoregulation of the renal and cerebral circulation is impaired in FHH rats, and was restored in a FHH.1 BN congenic strain in which a small region of Chr. 1 containing 15 genes, including Add3, from BN rats was transferred into the FHH background. The present study examined whether Add3 contributes to hypertension related CKD, and is associated with the development of cognitive impairments due to microvascular dysfunction. FHH rats exhibited impaired autoregulation of RBF in comparison with FHH.1 BN rats. Pgc estimated from the stop flow pressure increased by 20 mmHg in FHH rats when RPP was increased from 100 to 140 mmHg versus only 4 mmHg in FHH.1 BN . FHH rats developed severe renal injury, and proteinuria rose from 37 ± 2 to 260 ± 32 mg/day as they aged from 12 to 21 weeks, but rose by a significant lesser extent in FHH.1 BN and FHH.Add3 rats. Glomerular injury scores were 3.31 ± 0.01, 2.54 ± 0.01 and 2.50 ± 0.03, and areas of fibrosis in renal cortex were 23.57 ± 1.04%, 8.28 ± 0.33 and 4.71 ± 0.3 in DOCA/salt induced hypertensive FHH, FHH.1 BN and FHH.Add3 rats, respectively. CBF rose by 99 ± 7%, 64 ± 5% and 42 ± 4% in FHH, FHH.1 BN and FHH.Add3 rats, respectively, when MAP was increased from 100 to 190 mmHg, demonstrating impaired autoregulation of CBF in FHH rats was partially rescued with the replacement of wildtype Add3. BBB leakage was greater in FHH rats than in FHH.1 BN and FHH.Add3 rats, and hypertensive FHH rats exhibited marked neurodegeneration and vascular remodeling of the neocortex and hippocampus. The hypertensive FHH rats took 2.5 times longer time to escape from an eight-arm water maze in comparison to FHH.1 BN rats suggesting cognitive deficit. These results indicate that Add3 may play a role in the development of hypertension related CKD and cognitive impairments in FHH rats associated with microvascular dysfunction.

scholarly journals Effect of Renamezin upon attenuation of renal function decline in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients: 24-week prospective observational cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252186
Author(s):  
Hayne Cho Park ◽  
AJin Cho ◽  
Do Hyoung Kim ◽  
Kyu-sang Yun ◽  
Juhee Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Renal Function Decline ◽  
Observational Cohort

Renamezin® is a modified capsule-type oral spherical adsorptive carbon which lowers indoxyl sulfate levels in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD). This 24-week prospective observational cohort study was performed to evaluate the effect of Renamezin® upon attenuation of renal function decline. A total of 1,149 adult patients with baseline serum creatinine 2.0–5.0 mg/dL were enrolled from 22 tertiary hospital in Korea from April 2016 to September 2018. Among them, a total of 686 patients completed the study and were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. A total of 1,061 patients were included in the safety analysis. The mean age was 63.5 years and male patients were predominant (63.6%). Most of the patients (76.8%) demonstrated high compliance with study drug (6g per day). After 24 week of treatment, serum creatinine was increased from 2.86±0.72 mg/dL to 3.06±1.15 mg/dL (p<0.001), but estimated glomerular filtration rate was not changed significantly during observation period (22.3±6.8 mL/min/1.73m2 to 22.1±9.1 mL/min/1.73m2, p = 0.243). Patients with age over 65 years old and those under good systolic blood pressure control <130 mmHg were most likely to get benefit from Renamezin® treatment to preserve renal function. A total of 98 (9.2%) patients out of 1,061 safety population experienced 134 adverse events, of which gastrointestinal disorders were the most common. There were no serious treatment-related adverse events. Renamezin® can be used safely to attenuate renal function decline in moderately advanced CKD patients.

Safety and tolerability of prescribed usage of Derise® (Darbepoetin Alfa, Hetero) in symptomatic anemia: A Post Marketing Surveillance Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubhadeep Sinha ◽  
Vamsi Krishna Bandi ◽  
Bala Reddy Bheemareddy ◽  
Pankaj Thakur ◽  
Sreenivasa Chary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Darbepoetin Alfa ◽  
P Value ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Post Marketing Surveillance ◽  
Post Marketing

Abstract Background This post marketing surveillance, observational, prospective, safety study evaluated the safety, tolerability and long term immunogenicity of prescribed usage of Darbepoetin alfa, (DA-α, manufactured by Hetero Biopharma) in Indian patients with chronic kidney disease with anemia.Methods All patients with anemia of chronic kidney disease prescribed Hetero-Darbepoetin were the target patient population. The present study gathered the data from 503 Hetero-Darbepoetin alfa prescribed patients. This study collected information of patient demography, patient's medical history, concomitant medications, action taken with respect to Hetero-Darbepoetin-alfa, AE details (AE term, start date, stop date, severity, action taken, outcome and causality), periodic Hemoglobin (Hb) levels and abnormal laboratory tests results until treatment is discontinued or the patient is lost to follow-up. Immunogenicity data was collected in 121 patients at the end of treatment and after 1 year. Statistical analyses were performed to explore and analyze details of individual case safety reports of adverse events such as incidence, severity, seriousness, outcome, duration, action taken, and causality relationship of individual adverse event (AE) to the prescribed study drug. Results 87 AEs were reported in this study and most of them were mild to moderate in intensity. No deaths or serious adverse events (SAEs) were reported in this study. Anti-drug antibodies were not detected in any subject at the end of treatment phase and after 12 months long term follow up period. Baseline mean Hemoglobin value was 8.34 (SD 1.24) g/dL and last visit mean Hemoglobin value was 10.42 (SD 1.28) g/dL. The mean difference between baseline and last visit was 2.10 [2.00, 2.20], statistically significant (p-value <.0001). Conclusions The safety and tolerability of the usage of DA-α (manufactured by Hetero Biopharma) is similar to that reported in the published literature of the innovator. No patients showed anti-drug antibodies after treatment. Additionally, the patients also showed significant improvement in hemoglobin levels, compared to baseline.Clinical Trial Registry Number: CTRI/2017/04/008338 [Registered on CTRI http://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/login.php : 12/04/2017]; Trial Registered Retrospectively

Immunity

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behdad Afzali ◽  
Claudia Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Pregnancy Failure ◽  
Acquired Immunodeficiency ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Fetal Antigens

Immunological health relies on a balance between immune responsiveness to foreign pathogens and tolerance to self-components, commensals, food-derived components, and semi-allogeneic fetal antigens. Disruptions of this balance are hallmarks of immunodeficiency diseases, autoimmune diseases, and pregnancy failure. Patients with chronic kidney disease are immunologically unique in demonstrating features of both chronic inflammation and acquired immunodeficiency—predisposing these individuals to the two commonest causes of death, namely cardiovascular disease and sepsis. Defects and abnormalities in almost all components of the immune system can be observed, although it is difficult to say whether the observations denote mechanism or effect. This chapter reviews, briefly, measurable immune system abnormalities in chronic kidney disease and some of the potential underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Pioglitazone Reduces Mortality and Adverse Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and With Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease: National Cohort Study

Diabetes Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. e152-e153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh-Li Yen ◽  
Chao-Yi Wu ◽  
Lai-Chu See ◽  
Yi-Jung Li ◽  
Min-Hua Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
National Cohort
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