Development of High Refractive Index Plastics

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.S. Jha ◽  
G. Seshadri ◽  
A. Mohan ◽  
R.K. Khandal
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Current State ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Optical Plastics

AbstractOptical plastics have been the priority area of research for material scientists worldwide, mainly, to find alternative materials to glass, a conceptual optical material in use over the years. There are numerous advantages of using plastics for optical applications, in particular for ophthalmic applications over glass. Recently, the researchers have been putting their efforts to develop novel plastic materials to meet requirements of ophthalmic industries. The present review compiles the recent developments in the area of optical plastics. The aim is to present the current state-of-the-art in the field, besides analyzing the various aspects of developing optical plastics. The review presents various possible approaches to achieve the desired properties e.g. high refractive index of the optical plastic materials.

Sulfur containing optical plastics and its ophthalmic lenses applications

e-Polymers ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Jha ◽  
G. Seshadri ◽  
A. Mohan ◽  
R. K. Khandal
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Fiber Optics ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Linear Optics ◽  
Non Linear Optics ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Optical Plastics

AbstractPlastics produced from the sulfur-based monomer are excellent materials with many optical applications such as ophthalmic lenses, fiber optics and non- linear optics. High refractive index plastic materials are able to reduce the curvature, edge and center thickness of lenses. Sulfur containing plastics such as sulfide, polysulfide, and sulfur containing vinyl compound, thioacrylate, polythiol and isocyanate/isothiocyanate based monomers have demonstrated high refractive index, high Abbe number, good impact strength, excellent machinability, good tintability and good transmittance. In the present article, various sulfur containing plastics with different types of monomers for ophthalmic lens applications are reviewed.

Novel way of making high refractive index plastics; metal containing polymers for optical applications

e-Polymers ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukti Tyagi ◽  
Gunjan Suri ◽  
Pranshu Chhabra ◽  
Geetha Seshadri ◽  
Amita Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Inorganic Glass ◽  
Metal Containing Polymers ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Almost All ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Optical Plastics

AbstractPlastics are being preferred in almost all possible applications of materials. Several new applications including optical devices are being developed using plastics replacing conventional materials like inorganic glass etc. For the optical applications, the most important properties of plastics essential for their desired performance include refractive index, Abbe number, optical clarity, etc. The biggest challenge in developing suitable materials for optical applications has always been to meet the criteria of high refractive index along with a high Abbe number. Normally, if the refractive index increases, the Abbe number automatically decreases. The researchers have tried several approaches to deal with this typical challenge without which it is not possible to develop novel optical plastics. Presently the most popularly known optical plastics includes polymers such as polymethacrylates, polyurethanes, polycarbonates, polystyrene and diethylene glycol bis allyl carbonate. The latest material of high refractive index plastics with a refractive index of 1.67 belongs to the polythiourethanes chemistry. Several approaches are being tried world over, to develop materials of high refractive index. One of the approaches being pursued for enhancement of refractive index of existing monomers pertain to the incorporation of metals or metal salts in the matrices. The other commonly tried but difficult to achieve approaches pertain to the preparation of nanoparticles or nanocomposites.

Challenges in preparation of metal-containing nanocomposites; dispersion of titanium into plastics

e-Polymers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan Sur ◽  
Pranshu Chhabra ◽  
Ruchi Gupta ◽  
Shikha Saxena ◽  
Mukti Tyagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Polymer Matrices ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Metal Containing Polymers ◽  
Optical Applications ◽  
Metal Incorporation ◽  
Optical Plastics

AbstractMetal containing polymers are of great interest as they have proven to be the most promising materials for applications such as microelectronics, holography and magnetic recording of information. Metal containing polymers also provide an alternative to even the specialty glass materials conventionally used for optical applications. Metals such as barium, lead and lanthanum have been used to improve the optical properties such as refractive index and mechanical properties such as hardness of optical plastics. The metal-containing optical plastic materials with improved refractive index of as much as 1.60 along with the Abbe number of more than 30 have been successfully designed using these metals by the authors of this paper. To further increase the refractive index without any drop in Abbe number and to improve the hardness of the polymer matrix, titanium would be the most promising metal. Incorporation of titanium in plastic matrices to form homogeneous and optically clear compositions is a challenging task. This paper reviews the state-ofthe- art by which titanium can be dispersed in polymer matrices to form metal containing composites as optical plastics.

Recent developments in pharmacotherapy for hypertriglyceridemia: what’s the current state of the art?

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matilda Florentin ◽  
Michael S Kostapanos ◽  
Panagiotis Anagnostis ◽  
George Liamis
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Current State ◽  
Recent Developments

A physiome standards-based model publication paradigm

2009 ◽  
Vol 367 (1895) ◽  
pp. 1823-1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Nickerson ◽  
Martin L. Buist
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Web Browsers ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Broadband Internet ◽  
Cellular Electrophysiology ◽  
Current State ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Systems Biology Markup Language ◽  
Model Publication

In this era of widespread broadband Internet penetration and powerful Web browsers on most desktops, a shift in the publication paradigm for physiome-style models is envisaged. No longer will model authors simply submit an essentially textural description of the development and behaviour of their model. Rather, they will submit a complete working implementation of the model encoded and annotated according to the various standards adopted by the physiome project, accompanied by a traditional human-readable summary of the key scientific goals and outcomes of the work. While the final published, peer-reviewed article will look little different to the reader, in this new paradigm, both reviewers and readers will be able to interact with, use and extend the models in ways that are not currently possible. Here, we review recent developments that are laying the foundations for this new model publication paradigm. Initial developments have focused on the publication of mathematical models of cellular electrophysiology, using technology based on a CellML- or Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML)-encoded implementation of the mathematical models. Here, we review the current state of the art and what needs to be done before such a model publication becomes commonplace.

scholarly journals All-dielectric meta-optics and non-linear nanophotonics

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Kivshar
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Magnetic Response ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Era ◽  
Optical Metamaterials ◽  
Flexible Control ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Research Frontiers

Abstract Most optical metamaterials fabricated and studied to date employ metallic components resulting in significant losses, heat and overall low efficiencies. A new era of metamaterial physics is associated with all-dielectric meta-optics, which employs electric and magnetic Mie resonances of subwavelength particles with high refractive index for an optically induced magnetic response, thus underpinning a new approach to design and fabricate functional and practical metadevices. Here we review the recent developments in meta-optics and subwavelength dielectric photonics and demonstrate that the Mie resonances can play a crucial role in the realization of the unique functionalities of meta-atoms, also driving novel effects in the fields of metamaterials and nanophotonics. We discuss the recent research frontiers in all-dielectric meta-optics and uncover how Mie resonances can be employed for a flexible control of light with full phase and amplitude engineering, including unidirectional metadevices, highly transparent metasurfaces, non-linear nanophotonics and topological photonics.

Thermally stable transparent sol–gel based active siloxane–oligomer materials with tunable high refractive index and dual reactive groups

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (75) ◽  
pp. 70825-70831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Chen ◽  
Guoyan Zhang ◽  
Xiao Liang ◽  
Wanshu Zhang ◽  
Le Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
High Refractive Index ◽  
Thermally Stable ◽  
Transparent Film ◽  
Reactive Groups ◽  
Optical Applications

A novel active silicone–oligomers used as chemical intermediates in optical applications were synthesized and one of their derivatives, a transparent film with high refractive index, were presented.

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