Investigating the relationship between insulin resistance and adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalaledin Mirzay Razzaz ◽  
Hossein Moameri ◽  
Zahra Akbarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Ariya ◽  
Seyed ali Hosseini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Fat Percent ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Insulin resistance is the most common metabolic change associated with obesity. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and body composition especially adipose tissue in a randomized Tehrani population. Methods This study used data of 2,160 individuals registered in a cross-sectional study on were randomly selected from among subjects who were referred to nutrition counseling clinic in Tehran, from April 2016 to September 2017. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment formula. The odds ratio (95% CI) was calculated using logistic regression models. Results The mean age of the men was 39 (±10) and women were 41 (±11) (the age ranged from 20 to 50 years). The risk of increased HOMA-IR was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01–1.04) for an increase in one percent of Body fat, and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00–1.05) for an increase in one percent of Trunk fat. Moreover, the odds ratio of FBS for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent and Trunk fat percent increased by 1.05 (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI: 1.03, 1.06]) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.08). Also, the risk of increased Fasting Insulin was 1.05 (95% CI: 1.03–1.07) for an increase in one unit of Body fat percent, and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08) for an increase in one unit of Trunk fat percent. Conclusions The findings of the present study showed that there was a significant relationship between HOMA-IR, Fasting blood sugar, Fasting Insulin, and 2 h Insulin with percent of Body fat, percent of Trunk fat.

scholarly journals The Relationship between HIV Duration, Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3926
Author(s):  
Eduard Tiozzo ◽  
Allan Rodriguez ◽  
Janet Konefal ◽  
Gary J. Farkas ◽  
Jennifer L. Maher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
The Relationship

The risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in people living with HIV (PLWH) can be four times greater and can occur at an earlier age and even without the presence of obesity compared to those without HIV. Therefore, the purpose of this analytical cross-sectional study was to determine the relationship between HIV duration and glucose metabolism among PLWH. Eighty-two PLWH were categorized into shorter (≤15 years) or longer HIV duration (≥16 years) and then compared for differences in demographics, physical and clinical characteristics, biomarkers, and dietary intake. Compared to those with shorter HIV duration (n = 34), those with longer HIV duration (n = 48) were on average older (p = 0.02), reported lower consumption of alcohol (p = 0.05), had higher levels of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, p = 0.02), were also more likely to be a woman (p = 0.06), and have higher levels of fasting insulin (p = 0.06). When adjusted for age and body weight, the levels of HOMA-IR and fasting insulin were higher (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04) with longer compared to shorter HIV duration, respectively. Longer exposure to HIV infection is associated with impaired insulin sensitivity. Continuing research aimed at the long-term effects of HIV infection and (antiretroviral therapy) is required.

scholarly journals Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptin levels in lean and obese subjects: correlations with insulin resistance

2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
JV Silha ◽  
M Krsek ◽  
JV Skrha ◽  
P Sucharda ◽  
BL Nyomba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tIssue regulates insulin sensitivity via the circulating adipocytokines, leptin, resistin and adiponectin. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in lean and obese subjects and determine the relationship between circulating adipocytokines and insulin resistance. METHODS: We examined plasma levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in 17 lean subjects with a mean body mass index (BMI) of approximately 23 and 34 non-diabetic obese individuals with a mean BMI approximately 33. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment ratio (HOMA-R) formula derived from fasting insulin and glucose levels. RESULTS: Resistin levels were not significantly different between the two groups but were significantly higher in women compared with men, 35.4+/-6.5 (s.e.) vs 15.4+/-2.9 microg/L, P<0.01. Resistin did not correlate with BMI but did significantly correlate with HOMA-R, P<0.01, and this correlation remained significant after adjustment for gender and BMI. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in obese compared with lean subjects, P<0.005, and higher in women, P<0.001, but showed no significant correlation with HOMA-R. Leptin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects and women and correlated with HOMA-R and resistin. DISCUSSION: In this small group of patients we demonstrated that insulin resistance correlated most strongly with leptin levels. A significant correlation between resistin levels and insulin resistance was also observed. Although a similar trend was apparent for adiponectin, the correlation with insulin resistance did not achieve statistical significance.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance Diagnosed by HOMA-IR may be Overestimated in Adults with Greater Fat-Free Mass: The ELSA-Brasil Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divanei Zaniqueli ◽  
Rafael de Oliveira Alvim ◽  
Rosane Harter Griep ◽  
Isabela Martins Benseñor ◽  
Sandhi Maria Barreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Conflicting results have been reported on the association of fat-free mass (FFM) and insulin resistance (IR). The way of indexing FFM may be a bias. This study sought to test the association of FFM and IR after indexing FFM to avoid collinearity. Methods This cross-sectional study comprised 11,284 volunteers, ages 38-79 years. Body composition was assessed by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance. FFM indexed to body surface area (FFMbsa) was calculated. Excess body fat was assigned to individuals with percent body fat ≥ 85th percentile for age and sex. Fasting insulin and glucose, and 2h glucose in the oral glucose tolerance test were obtained. Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) > 3.0 was set as the cut-off for IR.Results Percent body fat decreased from the 1st to the 5th quintile of FFMbsa in both women (Eta 2 = 0.166) and men (Eta 2 = 0.133). In women, fasting insulin (Eta 2 = 0.002), glucose (Eta 2 = 0.006), and HOMA-IR (Eta 2 = 0.007) increased slightly, whereas 2h glucose did not change towards the highest quintile of FFMbsa. In men, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were similar across the quintiles of FFMbsa, whereas fasting glucose increased slightly (Eta 2 = 0.002) and 2h glucose decreased (Eta 2 = 0.005) towards the highest quintile of FFMbsa. Greater FFMbsa explained 1.8% of the odds of IR among women and 0.9% among men.Conclusion The lack of association of FFM and 2h glucose contrasted with greater odds of IR (by HOMA-IR) associated with greater FFM. The association of greater FFM and IR may be overestimated when the diagnosis is provided by HOMA-IR.

scholarly journals Meat Intake and Insulin Resistance in Women without Type 2 Diabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry A. Tucker ◽  
James D. LeCheminant ◽  
Bruce W. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Meat Intake ◽  
Bod Pod ◽  
Food Records ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose. To examine the relationship between meat intake and insulin resistance (IR) in 292 nondiabetic women.Methods. IR was evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Diet was assessed via 7-day weighed food records. Servings of very lean meat (VLM) and regular meat (meat) were indexed using the ADA Exchange Lists Program. Physical activity was assessed using accelerometers and body fat was measured using the Bod Pod.Results. Meat intake was directly related to HOMA (F= 7.4;P= 0.007). Women with moderate or high meat intakes had significantly higher HOMA levels than their counterparts. Adjusting for body fat weakened the relationship (F= 1.0;P= 0.3201). Odds ratio results showed that the low meat quartile had 67% lower odds of being IR (75th percentile) compared to their counterparts (OR = 0.33; 95% CI = 0.16–0.71). These findings changed little after adjusting for all covariates simultaneously (OR = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.14–0.83). Conversely, VLM intake was not related to HOMA, with or without the covariates.Conclusion. Moderate and high meat intakes are associated with increased insulin resistance in nondiabetic women. However, differences in body fat contribute significantly to the relationship. VLM is not predictive of IR. Prudence in the amount and type of meat consumed may be helpful in decreasing the likelihood of IR.

Habitual Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity is Inversely Associated With Insulin Resistance in Canadian First Nations Youth

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc S. Mitchell ◽  
Catherine A. Gaul ◽  
Patti-Jean Naylor ◽  
Constadina Panagiotopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
First Nations ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between insulin resistance (IR) and objectively measured habitual moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in First Nations youth. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2 rural villages in northern British Columbia, Canada. Thirty-nine healthy youth (16 males and 23 females; age = 11.8yrs ± 2.2; range = 8.8–18.5yrs) participated. PA was measured with ActiGraph GT1M accelerometers. The homeostasis model assessment estimate of IR (HOMA-IR) was used to define IR. Duration of MVPA was inversely related to HOMA-IR (r=−.44, p < .01). From the regression model, 30 min of habitual MVPA corresponded to HOMA-IR levels that were 15% lower. In conclusion, these findings suggest that active First Nations youth have lower HOMA-IR values.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance and Its Association with Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinkyung Cho ◽  
Haeryun Hong ◽  
Soohyun Park ◽  
Shinuk Kim ◽  
Hyunsik Kang
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Korean Children

Background. This study investigated the association between insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children. Methods. A cross-sectional study involving 1036 healthy children aged between 7 and 13 years was conducted. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated as an index of IR. Participants were classified according to the HOMA-IR quartiles. Results. Incremental, linear trends were found in age (p<0.001), body mass index (BMI) (p<0.001), body fat (p<0.001), waist circumference (p<0.001), resting blood pressures (BP) (p<0.001), triglycerides (TG) (p<0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (p<0.001), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (p<0.001), FBG (p<0.001), and insulin (<0.001) according to incremental HOMA-IR categories (from the 1st to 4th quartile). Compared with children in the 1st HOMA-IR quartile, children in the 4th HOMA-IR quartile had significantly higher odd ratios (ORs) of abnormalities in systolic (p=0.051) and diastolic BP (p=0.005), FBG (p<0.001), TG (p<0.001), TC (p=0.016), and HDL-C (p=0.006) even after adjustments for age, gender, BMI, and body fat percentage. Children in the 3rd HOMA-IR quartile had significant abnormalities in FBG (p<0.001), TG (p=0.001), and HDL-C (p=0.010) even after adjustments for the covariates. Conclusion. The current findings suggest that IR is significantly associated with the clustering of MetS risk factors in children in Korea.

scholarly journals Expanded Normal Weight Obesity and Insulin Resistance in US Adults of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keilah E. Martinez ◽  
Larry A. Tucker ◽  
Bruce W. Bailey ◽  
James D. LeCheminant
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Normal Weight Obesity

This study aims to expand the evaluation of normal weight obesity (NWO) and its association with insulin resistance using an NHANES (1999–2006) sample of US adults. A cross-sectional study including 5983 men and women (50.8%) was conducted. Body fat percentage (BF%) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Expanded normal weight obesity (eNWO) categories, pairings of BMI and body fat percentage classifications, were created using standard cut-points for BMI and sex-specific median for BF%. Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were used to index insulin resistance. Mean ± SE values were BMI: 27.9 ± 0.2 (women) and 27.8 ± 0.1 (men); body fat percentage: 40.5 ± 0.2 (women) and 27.8 ± 0.2 (men); and HOMA-IR: 2.04 ± 0.05 (women) and 2.47 ± 0.09 (men). HOMA-IR differed systematically and in a dose-response fashion across all levels of the eNWO categories (F=291.3,P<0.0001). As BMI levels increased, HOMA-IR increased significantly, and within each BMI category, higher levels of body fat were associated with higher levels of HOMA-IR. Both high BMI and high BF% were strongly related to insulin resistance. Insulin resistance appears to increase incrementally according to BMI levels primarily and body fat levels secondarily. Including a precise measure of body fat with BMI adds little to the utility of BMI in the prediction of insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Dietary fibre consumption and insulin resistance – the role of body fat and physical activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charity B. Breneman ◽  
Larry Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soluble Fibre ◽  
Fibre Intake

The present study was conducted to determine the association between fibre intake and insulin resistance in 264 women using a cross-sectional design. Insulin resistance was indexed using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (US formula: fasting insulin (μU/ml) × fasting glucose (mg/dl)/405 international formula: fasting glucose (mmol/l) × fasting insulin (μU/l)/22.5). Fibre and energy consumption were assessed using 7 d weighed food records. Fibre was expressed as g/4184 kJ (1000 kcal). Body fat percentage (BF%) was measured using the BOD POD, and physical activity (PA) was ascertained using Actigraph accelerometers (Health One Technology) worn for seven consecutive days. Women with high total fibre intakes (F= 4·58, P= 0·0332) or high soluble fibre intakes (F= 7·97, P= 0·0051) had significantly less insulin resistance than their counterparts. Participants with high insoluble fibre intakes did not differ from their counterparts (F= 0·7, P= 0·6875). Adjusting for either PA or BF% weakened the relationships significantly. Controlling for BF% nullified the total fibre–HOMA-IR link (F= 1·96, P= 0·1631) and attenuated the association between soluble fibre and HOMA-IR by 32 % (F= 6·86, P= 0·0094). To create dichotomous variables, fibre intake and HOMA-IR were each divided into two categories using the median (low and high). In women who had high soluble fibre intake (upper 50 %), the OR of having an elevated HOMA-IR level was 0·58 (95 % CI 0·36, 0·94) times that of women with low soluble fibre intake (lower 50 %). After controlling for all of the potential confounding factors simultaneously, the OR was 0·52 (95 % CI 0·29, 0·93). High fibre intake, particularly soluble fibre, is significantly related to lower levels of insulin resistance in women. Part of this association is a function of differences in PA and BF%.

Is there a relationship between gestational diabetes and postpartum depression?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Khazaei ◽  
Erfan Ayubi ◽  
Saeid Bashirian ◽  
Ronak Hamzehei ◽  
Ensiyeh Jenabi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Education ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The relationship between gestational diabetes and postpartum depression (PPD) is poorly understood and seldom studied. Objective: In an effort to explore this issue, the present study investigated the relationship between gestational diabetes and PPD. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed with 342 women who were referred to four urban health centers of Hamadan city, west of Iran. We used convenience sampling as a method to recruit women in each health center. We used a researcher-made checklist for gathering data on socio-demographic characteristics and potential risk factors of PPD. The Persian validated version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess PPD. Univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression was applied to estimate the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]). Results: Gestational diabetes was identified as the most important risk factor for PPD with OR (95% CI) of 2.19 (1.11, 4.31); P-value=0.02 after adjusting for other variables. Moreover, the adjusted odds ratio showed that PPD among lesseducated women (primary school) was 3.5 times higher compared to women with a university education (OR=3.54, 95% CI: 1.27, 9.84; P-value=0.01). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that PPD is more likely among women with gestational diabetes and those who were less educated. Interventional and educational activities for reducing the risk of PPD can be targeted for use with this population.

scholarly journals Inverse association between soya food consumption and insulin resistance in Japanese adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2031-2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Nakamoto ◽  
Hirokazu Uemura ◽  
Tohru Sakai ◽  
Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano ◽  
Miwa Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soya Product

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to examine the association between soya food consumption and insulin resistance using baseline data of the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima, Japan.DesignThis cross-sectional study included 1274 subjects, aged 34–70 years at baseline, living in Tokushima Prefecture between 2008 and 2013. Fasting blood samples were collected and information on lifestyle characteristics including soya food intake and medical history were obtained using a structured self-administered questionnaire. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was measured and those with HOMA-IR≥2·5 were defined as having insulin resistance. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between soya product intake and the prevalence of insulin resistance.SettingRural communities located in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan, between 2008 and 2013.SubjectsA total of 1148 adults (565 men and 583 women), aged 34–70 years.ResultsThe frequency of intake of miso soup, total non-fried soya products and total soya products showed significant inverse dose–response relationships with insulin resistance, after adjustments for potential confounders. When soya product intake was calculated as soya protein and isoflavone, the odds ratios of insulin resistance decreased significantly as the estimated intake of soya protein increased. Furthermore, significant inverse dose–response relationships were observed for total non-fried soya products and total soya products, after adjustment for total vegetable or total fibre consumption.ConclusionsThe present results indicate that the intake of soya products and non-fried soya products is associated with reduced insulin resistance in the Japanese population.

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