scholarly journals Angiotensin-converting enzyme overexpression in myelocytes enhances the immune response

2014 ◽  
Vol 395 (10) ◽  
pp. 1173-1178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Bernstein ◽  
Romer A. Gonzalez-Villalobos ◽  
Jorge F. Giani ◽  
Kandarp Shah ◽  
Ellen Bernstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Monocytic Cells ◽  
Effective Immune Response ◽  
Enzyme Overexpression

Abstract Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays an important role in blood pressure control. ACE also has effects on renal function, reproduction, hematopoiesis, and several aspects of the immune response. ACE 10/10 mice overexpress ACE in monocytic cells; macrophages from ACE 10/10 mice demonstrate increased polarization toward a proinflammatory phenotype. As a result, ACE 10/10 mice have a highly effective immune response following challenge with melanoma, bacterial infection, or Alzheimer disease. As shown in ACE 10/10 mice, enhanced monocytic function greatly contributes to the ability of the immune response to defend against a wide variety of antigenic and non-antigenic challenges.

scholarly journals Pharmacogenetic effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors over age-related urea and creatinine variations in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer disease

2016 ◽  
pp. 76-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio Ferreira de Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Marília Berretta ◽  
Elizabeth Suchi Chen ◽  
Marilia Cardoso Smith ◽  
Paulo Henrique Ferreira Bertolucci
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Age Related

Background: Renal function declines according to age and vascular risk factors, whereas few data are available regarding genetically-mediated effects of anti-hypertensives over renal function. Objective: To estimate urea and creatinine variations in dementia due to Alzheimer disease (AD) by way of a pharmacogenetic analysis of the anti-hypertensive effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis). Methods: Consecutive outpatients older than 60 years-old with AD and no history of kidney transplant or dialytic therapy were recruited for prospective correlations regarding variations in fasting blood levels of urea and creatinine in one year, considering ACE genotypes of rs1800764 and rs4291 and their respective haplotypes, and treatment with ACEis along with blood pressure variations. Results: For 190 patients, 152 had arterial hypertension, and 122 used ACEis. Minor allele frequencies were 0.492 for rs1800764-C and 0.337 for rs4291-T, both in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were no overall significant yearly variations in levels of urea and creatinine, but their concurrent variations were positively correlated (ρ <0.0001). Each A allele of rs4291 led to an yearly urea increase of 3.074 mg/dL, and an yearly creatinine increase of 0.044 mg/dL, while the use of ACEis was protective regarding creatinine variations. The use of ACEis was also protective for carriers of rs1800764-CT/rs4291-AA, while carriers of rs1800764-CT/rs4291-AT had steeper reductions in creatinine levels, particularly when they were treated with ACEis. Conclusions: Effects of ACEis over creatinine variations are genetically mediated and independent of blood pressure variations in older people with AD.

scholarly journals Overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme in myelomonocytic cells enhances the immune response

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Bernstein ◽  
Zakir Khan ◽  
Jorge F. Giani ◽  
Tuantuan Zhao ◽  
Masahiro Eriguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin I ◽  
Myelomonocytic Cells

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) converts angiotensin I to the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II and thereby plays an important role in blood pressure control. However, ACE is relatively non-specific in its substrate specificity and cleaves many other peptides. Recent analysis of mice overexpressing ACE in monocytes, macrophages, and other myelomonocytic cells shows that these animals have a marked increase in resistance to experimental melanoma and to infection by Listeria monocytogenes or methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Several other measures of immune responsiveness, including antibody production, are enhanced in these animals. These studies complement a variety of studies indicating an important role of ACE in the immune response.

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