scholarly journals Physiological Demands, Morphological Characteristics, Physical Abilities and Injuries of Female Soccer Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Milanović ◽  
Goran Sporiš ◽  
Nic James ◽  
Nebojša Trajković ◽  
Aleksandar Ignjatović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Functional Training ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Physiological Demands

AbstractThe popularity of female soccer is increasing as well as the number of females playing soccer. Similarly, over the last twenty or so years, research in soccer has increased significantly, but a large disparity exists in the volume of studies involving male and female players. As a consequence of this, female players remain less well understood compared to males. The purpose of the present narrative review was to describe morphological characteristics, physiological demands, physical abilities and injuries in female soccer players. Physiological demands are similar between men’s and women’s soccer, but competitive women’s matches were characterized by nearly 33% less distance covered, although at higher intensity levels (maximum speeds greater than 15 km/h) than typically found in the men’s game. Sub-elite female players also tended to run less at higher intensity levels at the end of both halves in comparison with elite female players. High intensity running is an important factor of success in soccer since many critical moments of the game occur under this condition. The ability to rapidly change direction also determined elite, sub-elite and amateur levels. The implementation of functional training, which focused on soccer-specific drills and plyometric exercises, to improve explosive power, may improve conditioning in female soccer players as well as decrease the risk of injuries which was 3-8 times higher in females compared to males. This review presents an in-depth overview of the most influential factors for determining success in female soccer.

A Comparison of Physical Abilities and Match Performance Characteristics Among Elite and Subelite Under-14 Soccer Players

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Waldron ◽  
Aron Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Physical Ability ◽  
Youth Soccer ◽  
Physical Abilities

This study aimed to identify characteristics of match performance and physical ability that discriminate between elite and subelite under-14 soccer players. Players were assessed for closed performance and movement, physiological responses, and technical actions during matches. Elite players covered more total m·min−1 (115.7 ± 6.6 cf. 105.4 ± 7.7 m·min−1) and high-intensity m·min−1 (elite = 14.5 ± 2.3 cf. 11.5 ± 3.7 m·min−1) compared with subelite players. Elite players also attempted more successful (0.41 ± 0.11 cf. 0.18 ± 0.02) and unsuccessful ball retentions·min−1 (0.14 ± 0.04 cf. 0.06 ± 0.02) compared with subelite players. Elite players were faster over 10 m (1.9 ± 0.1 cf. 2.3 ± 0.2 s) and faster dribblers (16.4 ± 1.4 cf. 18.2 ± 1.1 s) compared with subelite players. Speed (10 m) and successful ball retention·min−1 contributed to a predictive model, explaining 96.8% of the between-group variance. The analysis of match performance provides a more thorough understanding of the factors underlying talent among youth soccer players.

scholarly journals Variability of Metabolic Power Data in Elite Soccer Players During Pre-Season Matches

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Wilhelm Hoppe ◽  
Christian Baumgart ◽  
Mirko Slomka ◽  
Ted Polglaze ◽  
Jürgen Freiwald
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Metabolic Power ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Subject Variability ◽  
Acceleration And Deceleration ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Power Analyses

Abstract This study aimed to determine the within-subject variability of GPS-derived metabolic power data in elite soccer players across several pre-season matches and compare the variability of high metabolic power, velocity, acceleration and deceleration running. Additionally, differences in metabolic power data among playing positions and relationships with various physical abilities were also investigated. Metabolic power data from 12 outfield starting players competing in the German Bundesliga were collected during five pre-season matches using GPS-technology (10 Hz). The players were also tested for speed, agility, power and intermittent endurance. Variability of global metabolic power data such as energy expenditure (CV = 2.2-7.0%) was lower than that for high-intensity including time ≥20 W·kg-1 (CV = 14.0-26.2%). Variability of high metabolic power (≥20 W·kg-1; CV = 14.1 ± 3.5%) was comparable to that of high velocity (≥15.5 km·h-1; CV = 17.0 ± 6.2%), acceleration (≥3 m·s-2; CV = 11.1 ± 5.1%) and deceleration running (≤-3 m·s-2; CV = 11.9 ± 4.5%) (p > 0.05, ES < 0.2). Defenders had a largely higher overall energy expenditure than midfielders and attackers (p < 0.01, ES > 0.6). Overall energy expenditure and cost were largely to very largely correlated with 5 m speed and 22 m agility sprint time and counter movement jump height (r = -0.70-0.69, p < 0.05). The detected variability indicates that global GPS-derived metabolic power data in elite soccer players from a single preseason match should be preferably used for practical applications. Contrary, high-intensity indicators should be interpreted cautiously and repeated match observations are recommended to establish meaningful high-intensity profiles of the players. Differences among playing positions and relationships with explosive physical abilities indicate that metabolic power analyses can provide new insights into the mechanics and energetics of soccer.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND PHYSICAL ABILITIES IN VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Goran Glamočić ◽  
Branislav Strajnić ◽  
Branko Đukić ◽  
Vladimir Ivanek
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Volleyball Player ◽  
Explosive Power ◽  
Counter Movement Jump ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Autonomous Province ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to determine the relationship between morphological characteristics and abilities in volleyball players. It was conducted on the territory of Vojvodina autonomous province on a sample of 27 male volleyball players with an average age of 17.48 ± 0.50 years and an average sports experience of 6.33 ± 2.83 years. A test battery consisting of five variables for measuring morphological characteristics and twelve tests of abilities was applied: flexibility, speed, agility, endurance, static and explosive power. The normality of the data distribution was controlled by the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the connection between morphological characteristics and abilities was calculated by the Spearman ro correlation coefficient. The limit value for testing the normality of distribution of p> 0.05 was not met by: body mass index (p = 0.01), straddle in supine position (p = 0.03), single leg counter movement jump with the left leg (p = 0.01) and Yo-Yo Intermittent endurance test level 2 (p = 0.02). The connection of morphological characteristics with explosive power tests is especially noticeable, the most significant is the range of arms span with continuous jump with bent legs (ro = 0.75), single leg counter movement jump with the right leg (ro = 0.74) and Counter movement jump (ro = 0.63). The main finding in this study is that morphological characteristics are mostly negatively correlated with the explosive power of volleyball players. It is known that these characteristics and abilities have a significant share in the model of the ideal volleyball player and therefore their negative connections, the approach to the selection of volleyball and volleyball training must be based on scientific knowledge. Key words: measurement, testing, diagnostics, test batteries, volleyball

scholarly journals Distance and Intensity Profiles in Division I Women’s Soccer Matches across a Competitive Season

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Mario Norberto Sevilio de Oliveira Junior ◽  
Christiano Eduardo Veneroso ◽  
Guilherme Passos Ramos ◽  
Kelly E. Johnson ◽  
Justin P. Guilkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Division I ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physiological Demands ◽  
Playing Time

Women’s participation in soccer has increased rapidly. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiological demands imposed on women’s NCAA Division I soccer players across a season according to speed, total distance traveled, and numbers of sprints measured via GPS (Polar Team Pro®). Eighteen athletes (19.2 ± 1.1 years, 50.5 ± 6.5 mL/kg/min and 23.4 ± 3.6% fat) participated in this study. The analysis was obtained through 13 official matches. Speed zones were defined as Zone 1 (1.0 to 5.99 km·h−1), Zone 2 (6.0 to 10.99 km·h−1), Zone 3 (11.0 to 15.49 km·h−1), Zone 4 (15.5 to 19.9 km·h−1) and Zone 5 (sprint > 20 km·h−1), with Zones 4–5 considered as high intensity running. Individual differences in playing time and total distance were highly variable due to substitutions. Average distance traveled per game in quartiles was 3.9 km, 5.6 km and 7.4 km in the 25th, 50th, and 75th quartiles, respectively. Relative to playing time, players travelled an average of 113.64 ± 17.12 m/min (range: 93.7 to 143.5 m/min) and ran one sprint every 4.12 ± 2.06 min. When distance was summated and analyzed for the entire team, significant difference between halves was found for speed Zones 2, 3 and 4, with greater values found in the first half. Total distance, high intensity running and sprint distance were significantly less than previously recorded in professional players. These findings suggest that coaches should consider the unique physiological demands and recovery opportunities present in NCAA play when constructing practices and conditioning programs.

Age-related and training-induced changes in morphological characteristics of young elite male soccer players

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Androulakis ◽  
Nikolaos Koundourakis ◽  
Christos Tsiakiris ◽  
George Notas
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
And Training

A case of gynandromorphism in Amblyomma mixtum (Acari, Ixodidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Fredy A. Rivera-Páez ◽  
Marcelo B. Labruna ◽  
Thiago F. Martins ◽  
Bruno Rodrigues-Sampieri ◽  
María I. Camargo-Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Amblyomma Cajennense ◽  
Literature Report ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Natural Infestation

Gynandromorphism is a condition in which an organism simultaneously exhibits male and female morphological characteristics. In Colombia, the taxon Amblyomma cajennense is represented by the species Amblyomma patinoi and Amblyomma mixtum. In September of 2014, in the Colombian Orinoco region, adult ticks were collected and determined from natural infections in bovines and equines. A gynandromorph was described from a natural infestation on a bovine, and morphologically classified as A. mixtum. This is the first literature report of a gynandromorph of A. mixtum, and the first description of a gynandromorph for a tick species in Colombia.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analytical Comparison of the Effects of Small-Sided Games vs. Running-Based High-Intensity Interval Training on Soccer Players’ Repeated-Sprint Ability

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2781
Author(s):  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
José Afonso ◽  
Hugo Sarmento ◽  
Thomas Rosemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Repeated Sprint Ability ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Sprint Ability

This systematic review with a meta-analysis was conducted to compare the effects of small-sided games (SSGs)-based interventions with the effects of running-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) interventions on soccer players’ repeated sprint ability (RSA). The data sources utilized were Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and PubMed. The study eligibility criteria were: (i) parallel studies (SSG-based programs vs. running-based HIIT) conducted in soccer players with no restrictions on age, sex, or competitive level; (ii) isolated intervention programs (i.e., only SSG vs. only running-based HIIT as individual forms) with no restrictions on duration; (iii) a pre–post outcome for RSA; (iv) original, full-text, peer-reviewed articles written in English. An electronic search yielded 513 articles, four of which were included in the present study. There was no significant difference between the effects of SSG-based and HIIT-based training interventions on RSA (effect size (ES) = 0.30; p = 0.181). The within-group analysis revealed no significant effect of SSG-based training interventions (ES = −0.23; p = 0.697) or HIIT-based training interventions (ES = 0.08; p = 0.899) on RSA. The meta-comparison revealed that neither SSGs nor HIIT-based interventions were effective in improving RSA in soccer players, and no differences were found between the two types of training. This suggests that complementary training may be performed to improve the effects of SSGs and HIIT. It also suggests that different forms of HIIT can be used because of the range of opportunities that such training affords.

Coronary artery z score values in adolescent elite male soccer players

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Stephan Gerling ◽  
Tobias Pollinger ◽  
Markus Johann Dechant ◽  
Michael Melter ◽  
Werner Krutsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Left Main Coronary Artery ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Left Main ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: With the increased training loads at very early ages in European elite youth soccer, there is an interest to analyse coronary artery remodelling due to high-intensity exercise. Design and methods: Prospective echocardiographic study in 259 adolescent elite male soccer players and 48 matched controls. Results: The mean age was 12.7 ± 0.63 years in soccer players and 12.6 ± 0.7 years in controls (p > 0.05). Soccer players had significant greater indexed left ventricular mass (93 ± 13 g/m2 versus 79 ± 12 g/m2, p = 0.001). Both coronary arteries origin could be identified in every participant. In soccer players, the mean diameter of the left main coronary artery was 3.67 mm (SD ± 0.59) and 2.61 mm (SD ± 0.48) for right main coronary artery. Controls showed smaller mean luminal diameter (left main coronary artery, p = 0.01; right main coronary artery, p = 0.025). In soccer players, a total of 91% (n = 196) and in controls a total of 94% (n = 45) showed left main coronary artery z scores within the normal range: −2.0 to 2.0. In right main coronary artery, a pattern of z score values distribution was comparable (soccer players 94%, n = 202 vs. controls 84%, n = 40). A subgroup of soccer players had supernormal z score values (>2.0 to 2.5) for left main coronary artery (9%, n = 19, p = 0.01) and right main coronary artery (6%, n = 10, p = 0.025), respectively. Conclusion: Elite soccer training in early adolescence may be a stimulus strong enough to develop increased coronary arteries diameters. In soccer players, a coronary artery z score >2.0–2.5 might reflect a physiologic response induced by multiannual high-intensity training.

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